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入门 - Ciroy的技术笔记
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<h1 class="post-title itemprop="name headline">入门</h1>
<div class="post-data">
<time datetime="2020-12-16T13:50:55+08:00" pubdate data-updated="true">2020/12/16</time>
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<p class="post-tags">
<a href='GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F.html'>GO语言圣经</a>
</p>
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<p>
<h2 id="toc_0">Hello,World</h2>
<p>hello.go</p>
<pre><code class="language-golang">package main 包名
import "fmt" 标准库
func main() {
fmt.PrintIn("hello, 世界");
}
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>运行 go run hello.go</li>
<li>编译 go build hello.go
<ul>
<li>bin 文件夹内</li>
</ul></li>
<li>go get gopl.io/ch1/helloworld 拉远程库</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="toc_1">main为主函数</h3>
<p>入口</p>
<p><code>注意：Go语言不需要在语句或者声明的末尾添加分号</code></p>
<p>这意味着换行符会作为一个语句的解析结束符号</p>
<ul>
<li>函数的左括号{必须和func函数声明在同一行上</li>
<li>x + y中，可在+后换行，不能在+前换行</li>
</ul>
<p>go语言在代码格式上采取了强硬风格。gofmt工具把代码格式化为标准格式</p>
<h3 id="toc_2">packages</h3>
<ul>
<li>gofmt 格式化代码包</li>
<li>goimports 自动地添加或删除import声明</li>
<li>strings 字符串包 <code>strings.Join(os.Args[1:], " ")</code></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="toc_3">命令行参数</h2>
<ul>
<li>// 注释</li>
<li>os.Args 命令行参数
<ul>
<li>os.Args[0] 命令本身的名字</li>
<li>os.Args[1, len(os.Args)] 参数</li>
</ul></li>
<li>var a,b string 隐性赋值零值，数值类型是0，字符串类型是'', 字符串连接符 <code>+</code></li>
<li><code>:=</code> 短变量声明</li>
<li>只允许 i++ ,因为这也是语句，<code>++i</code>、<code>j = i++</code> 不合法</li>
<li>for 语句</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-golang">for initialization; condition; post {
// zero or more statements
}
</code></pre>
<p>for语句可以不使用任何参数，代表无限循环</p>
<pre><code class="language-golang">for {
}
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>空标识符 <code>_</code> 空标识符可用于任何语法需要变量名但程序逻辑不需要的时候</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-golang">func main() {
s, sep := "", ""
for _, arg := range os.Args[1:] {
s += sep + arg
sep = " "
}
fmt.Println(s)
}
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>变量声明</li>
</ul>
<p>s := "" 最简洁，只能用在函数内部，不能用于包变量. 该方式常用<br/>
var s string 声明被初始化为'' 该方式常用<br/>
var s = "" 用得很少，一般除非同时声明多个变量 var a,b = "", ""<br/>
var s string = "" 显式地标明变量的类型 <code>? 什么时候用</code></p>
<h2 id="toc_4">查找重复的行</h2>
<h3 id="toc_5">打印标准输入中多次出现的行，以重复次数开头</h3>
</p>
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本文由 <a style="color: #BCBDB6" href="#"> Ciroygo
</a> 创作，采用 <a style="color: #BCBDB6" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow">知识共享署名4.0</a> 国际许可协议进行许可<br>本站文章除注明转载/出处外，均为本站原创或翻译，转载前请务必署名<br>最后编辑时间为: 2020-12-16T13:50:55+08:00
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