diff --git a/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml b/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml
index a424e8eb6..97b55cb6c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml
@@ -17,5 +17,4 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       - run: python -m pip install pre-commit
       - run: python -m pre_commit --version
-      - run: python -m pre_commit install
       - run: python -m pre_commit run --all-files
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index b38fd2834..d9e367bfa 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # See https://pre-commit.com/hooks.html for more hooks
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.5.0
+    rev: v4.6.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-symlinks
       - id: destroyed-symlinks
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ repos:
       - id: detect-private-key
       - id: debug-statements
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.2.6
+    rev: v2.3.0
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
         args:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ repos:
           - --show-source
           - --statistics
   - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v3.15.0
+    rev: v3.16.0
     hooks:
       - id: pyupgrade
         args: ["--py38-plus"]
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: isort
   - repo: https://github.com/python/black
-    rev: 23.12.1
+    rev: 24.4.2
     hooks:
       - id: black
   - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/pydocstyle
diff --git a/docs/environments/mujoco.md b/docs/environments/mujoco.md
index 707598996..00cab15bf 100644
--- a/docs/environments/mujoco.md
+++ b/docs/environments/mujoco.md
@@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ Instructions for installing the MuJoCo engine can be found on their [website](ht
 For MuJoCo `v3` environments and older the `mujoco-py` framework is required (`pip install gymnasium[mujoco-py]`) which can be found in the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/openai/mujoco-py/tree/master/mujoco_py).
 
 There are eleven MuJoCo environments (in roughly increasing complexity):
+
 | Robot                  | Short Description                                                    |
-| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
 | **CartPoles**          |                                                                      |
 | InvertedPendulum       | MuJoCo version of the CartPole Environment (with Continuous actions) |
 | InvertedDoublePendulum | 2 Pole variation of the CartPole Environment                         |
@@ -51,8 +52,8 @@ There are eleven MuJoCo environments (in roughly increasing complexity):
 | Pusher                 | 3d arm with the goal of pushing an object to a target location       |
 | **2D Runners**         |                                                                      |
 | HalfCheetah            | 2d quadruped with the goal of running                                |
-| Hopper                 | 2d monoped with the goal of hopping                          |
-| Walker2d               | 2d biped with the goal of walking                                   |
+| Hopper                 | 2d monoped with the goal of hopping                                  |
+| Walker2d               | 2d biped with the goal of walking                                    |
 | **Swimmers**           |                                                                      |
 | Swimmer                | 3d robot with the goal of swimming                                   |
 | **Quarduped**          |                                                                      |
@@ -75,10 +76,10 @@ Environments can be configured by changing the `xml_file` argument and/or by twe
 ## Versions
 Gymnasium includes the following versions of the environments:
 
-| Version | Simulator       | Notes                                            |
-| ------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
-| `v5`    | `mujoco=>2.3.3` | Recommended (most features, the least bugs)      |
-| `v4`    | `mujoco=>2.1.3` | Maintained for reproducibility                   |
+| Version | Simulator       | Notes                                                  |
+|---------|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
+| `v5`    | `mujoco=>2.3.3` | Recommended (most features, the least bugs)            |
+| `v4`    | `mujoco=>2.1.3` | Maintained for reproducibility                         |
 | `v3`    | `mujoco-py`     | Deprecated, Kept for reproducibility (limited support) |
 | `v2`    | `mujoco-py`     | Deprecated, Kept for reproducibility (limited support) |
 
@@ -103,17 +104,15 @@ All of the MuJoCo Environments besides the general Gymnasium arguments, and envi
 env = gymnasium.make("Ant-v5", render_mode="rgb_array", width=1280, height=720)
 ```
 
-| Parameter                   | Type                              | Default      | Description                               |
-| --------------------------- | -------------                     | ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
-| `width`                     | **int**                           | `480`        | The width of the render window            |
-| `height`                    | **int**                           | `480`        | The height of the render window           |
-| `camera_id`                 |**int \| None**                    | `None`       | The camera ID used for the render window  |
-| `camera_name`               |**str \| None**                    | `None`       | The name of the camera used for the render window (mutally exclusive option with `camera_id`) |
-| `default_camera_config`     |**dict[str, float \| int] \| None**| `None`       |  The [mjvCamera](https://mujoco.readthedocs.io/en/stable/APIreference/APItypes.html#mjvcamera) properties |
-| `max_geom`                  | **int**                           | `1000`       | Max number of geometrical objects to render (useful for 3rd-party environments) |
-| `visual_options`            | **Dict[int, bool]**               | `{}`         | A dictionary with [mjVisual](https://mujoco.readthedocs.io/en/stable/overview.html#mjvisual) flags and value pairs, example `{mujoco.mjtVisFlag.mjVIS_CONTACTPOINT: True, mujoco.mjtVisFlag.mjVIS_CONTACTFORCE: True}` (show contact points and forces). |
-
-
+| Parameter               | Type                                | Default | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
+|-------------------------|-------------------------------------|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `width`                 | **int**                             | `480`   | The width of the render window                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
+| `height`                | **int**                             | `480`   | The height of the render window                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `camera_id`             | **int \| None**                     | `None`  | The camera ID used for the render window                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `camera_name`           | **str \| None**                     | `None`  | The name of the camera used for the render window (mutually exclusive option with `camera_id`)                                                                                                                                                           |
+| `default_camera_config` | **dict[str, float \| int] \| None** | `None`  | The [mjvCamera](https://mujoco.readthedocs.io/en/stable/APIreference/APItypes.html#mjvcamera) properties                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `max_geom`              | **int**                             | `1000`  | Max number of geometrical objects to render (useful for 3rd-party environments)                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `visual_options`        | **Dict[int, bool]**                 | `{}`    | A dictionary with [mjVisual](https://mujoco.readthedocs.io/en/stable/overview.html#mjvisual) flags and value pairs, example `{mujoco.mjtVisFlag.mjVIS_CONTACTPOINT: True, mujoco.mjtVisFlag.mjVIS_CONTACTFORCE: True}` (show contact points and forces). |
 
 <!--
 ## Custom Models
diff --git a/docs/tutorials/gymnasium_basics/vector_envs_tutorial.py b/docs/tutorials/gymnasium_basics/vector_envs_tutorial.py
index a1e840236..4b978221f 100644
--- a/docs/tutorials/gymnasium_basics/vector_envs_tutorial.py
+++ b/docs/tutorials/gymnasium_basics/vector_envs_tutorial.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 ======================================================
 
 """
+
 # %%
 # Notice
 # ------
diff --git a/docs/tutorials/training_agents/FrozenLake_tuto.py b/docs/tutorials/training_agents/FrozenLake_tuto.py
index 318efaa47..5c69a75eb 100644
--- a/docs/tutorials/training_agents/FrozenLake_tuto.py
+++ b/docs/tutorials/training_agents/FrozenLake_tuto.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 """
 
-
 # %%
 # In this post we'll compare a bunch of different map sizes on the
 # `FrozenLake <https://gymnasium.farama.org/environments/toy_text/frozen_lake/>`__
diff --git a/gymnasium/__init__.py b/gymnasium/__init__.py
index 463aee5f6..d7d280a08 100644
--- a/gymnasium/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Root `__init__` of the gymnasium module setting the `__all__` of gymnasium modules."""
+
 # isort: skip_file
 
 from gymnasium.core import (
diff --git a/gymnasium/core.py b/gymnasium/core.py
index ab4d44860..1e6403950 100644
--- a/gymnasium/core.py
+++ b/gymnasium/core.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Core API for Environment, Wrapper, ActionWrapper, RewardWrapper and ObservationWrapper."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/__init__.py b/gymnasium/envs/__init__.py
index 1bc447d89..9443b0d82 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Registers the internal gym envs then loads the env plugins for module using the entry point."""
+
 from typing import Any
 
 from gymnasium.envs.registration import make, pprint_registry, register, registry, spec
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/box2d/bipedal_walker.py b/gymnasium/envs/box2d/bipedal_walker.py
index 1047b473d..94dda8bfc 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/box2d/bipedal_walker.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/box2d/bipedal_walker.py
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ def __init__(self, render_mode: Optional[str] = None, hardcore: bool = False):
         #     0.3 * vel.y * (VIEWPORT_H / SCALE) / FPS,
         #     self.joints[
         #         0
-        #     ].angle,  # This will give 1.1 on high up, but it's still OK (and there should be spikes on hiting the ground, that's normal too)
+        #     ].angle,  # This will give 1.1 on high up, but it's still OK (and there should be spikes on hitting the ground, that's normal too)
         #     self.joints[0].speed / SPEED_HIP,
         #     self.joints[1].angle + 1.0,
         #     self.joints[1].speed / SPEED_KNEE,
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ def step(self, action: np.ndarray):
             0.3 * vel.x * (VIEWPORT_W / SCALE) / FPS,  # Normalized to get -1..1 range
             0.3 * vel.y * (VIEWPORT_H / SCALE) / FPS,
             self.joints[0].angle,
-            # This will give 1.1 on high up, but it's still OK (and there should be spikes on hiting the ground, that's normal too)
+            # This will give 1.1 on high up, but it's still OK (and there should be spikes on hitting the ground, that's normal too)
             self.joints[0].speed / SPEED_HIP,
             self.joints[1].angle + 1.0,
             self.joints[1].speed / SPEED_KNEE,
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/acrobot.py b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/acrobot.py
index f9c2842aa..8ee4358e8 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/acrobot.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/acrobot.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """classic Acrobot task"""
+
 from typing import Optional
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -256,12 +257,7 @@ def _dsdt(self, s_augmented):
         theta2 = s[1]
         dtheta1 = s[2]
         dtheta2 = s[3]
-        d1 = (
-            m1 * lc1**2
-            + m2 * (l1**2 + lc2**2 + 2 * l1 * lc2 * cos(theta2))
-            + I1
-            + I2
-        )
+        d1 = m1 * lc1**2 + m2 * (l1**2 + lc2**2 + 2 * l1 * lc2 * cos(theta2)) + I1 + I2
         d2 = m2 * (lc2**2 + l1 * lc2 * cos(theta2)) + I2
         phi2 = m2 * lc2 * g * cos(theta1 + theta2 - pi / 2.0)
         phi1 = (
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/cartpole.py b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/cartpole.py
index 9373e5355..97accd5af 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/cartpole.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/cartpole.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 Copied from http://incompleteideas.net/sutton/book/code/pole.c
 permalink: https://perma.cc/C9ZM-652R
 """
+
 import math
 from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/mountain_car.py b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/mountain_car.py
index 54b9b1950..5e7e11518 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/mountain_car.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/classic_control/mountain_car.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 http://incompleteideas.net/MountainCar/MountainCar1.cp
 permalink: https://perma.cc/6Z2N-PFWC
 """
+
 import math
 from typing import Optional
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/functional_jax_env.py b/gymnasium/envs/functional_jax_env.py
index 17f450296..578e37d92 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/functional_jax_env.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/functional_jax_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Functional to Environment compatibility."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/__init__.py b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/__init__.py
index d85a43918..3c725ce6e 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/__init__.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 """Module for 2d physics environments with functional and environment implementations."""
+
 from gymnasium.envs.phys2d.cartpole import CartPoleFunctional, CartPoleJaxEnv
 from gymnasium.envs.phys2d.pendulum import PendulumFunctional, PendulumJaxEnv
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/cartpole.py b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/cartpole.py
index 09a66e2f7..5f4ee3fe3 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/cartpole.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/cartpole.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a Jax-accelerated cartpole environment."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Tuple
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/pendulum.py b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/pendulum.py
index 681e4859d..7cc16293a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/pendulum.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/phys2d/pendulum.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a Jax-accelerated pendulum environment."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from os import path
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/registration.py b/gymnasium/envs/registration.py
index f76faa57c..de00ac1c4 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/registration.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/registration.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Functions for registering environments within gymnasium using public functions ``make``, ``register`` and ``spec``."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import contextlib
@@ -52,15 +53,13 @@
 class EnvCreator(Protocol):
     """Function type expected for an environment."""
 
-    def __call__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> Env:
-        ...
+    def __call__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> Env: ...
 
 
 class VectorEnvCreator(Protocol):
     """Function type expected for an environment."""
 
-    def __call__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> gym.vector.VectorEnv:
-        ...
+    def __call__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> gym.vector.VectorEnv: ...
 
 
 @dataclass
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/tabular/blackjack.py b/gymnasium/envs/tabular/blackjack.py
index 760d328c8..181891169 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/tabular/blackjack.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/tabular/blackjack.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """This module provides a Blackjack functional environment and Gymnasium environment wrapper BlackJackJaxEnv."""
 
-
 import math
 import os
 from typing import NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, Union
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/tabular/cliffwalking.py b/gymnasium/envs/tabular/cliffwalking.py
index 91359ec43..21e0b1247 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/tabular/cliffwalking.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/tabular/cliffwalking.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """This module provides a CliffWalking functional environment and Gymnasium environment wrapper CliffWalkingJaxEnv."""
 
-
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from os import path
diff --git a/gymnasium/envs/toy_text/frozen_lake.py b/gymnasium/envs/toy_text/frozen_lake.py
index 5f852865d..ead780c27 100644
--- a/gymnasium/envs/toy_text/frozen_lake.py
+++ b/gymnasium/envs/toy_text/frozen_lake.py
@@ -253,12 +253,12 @@ def inc(row, col, a):
             return (row, col)
 
         def update_probability_matrix(row, col, action):
-            newrow, newcol = inc(row, col, action)
-            newstate = to_s(newrow, newcol)
-            newletter = desc[newrow, newcol]
-            terminated = bytes(newletter) in b"GH"
-            reward = float(newletter == b"G")
-            return newstate, reward, terminated
+            new_row, new_col = inc(row, col, action)
+            new_state = to_s(new_row, new_col)
+            new_letter = desc[new_row, new_col]
+            terminated = bytes(new_letter) in b"GH"
+            reward = float(new_letter == b"G")
+            return new_state, reward, terminated
 
         for row in range(nrow):
             for col in range(ncol):
diff --git a/gymnasium/functional.py b/gymnasium/functional.py
index c3e039aff..bdcbb40d7 100644
--- a/gymnasium/functional.py
+++ b/gymnasium/functional.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Base class and definitions for an alternative, functional backend for gym envs, particularly suitable for hardware accelerated and otherwise transformed environments."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, TypeVar
diff --git a/gymnasium/logger.py b/gymnasium/logger.py
index 71c708488..3a19c9590 100644
--- a/gymnasium/logger.py
+++ b/gymnasium/logger.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Set of functions for logging messages."""
+
 import sys
 import warnings
 from typing import Optional, Type
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/__init__.py b/gymnasium/spaces/__init__.py
index 0d07ee7e3..af6eec30a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/__init__.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 All spaces inherit from the :class:`Space` superclass.
 """
+
 from gymnasium.spaces.box import Box
 from gymnasium.spaces.dict import Dict
 from gymnasium.spaces.discrete import Discrete
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/box.py b/gymnasium/spaces/box.py
index 9b177c642..fb9a99645 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/box.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/box.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents closed boxes in euclidean space."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/dict.py b/gymnasium/spaces/dict.py
index aa932957e..128cf8c71 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/dict.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/dict.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents the cartesian product of other spaces as a dictionary."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import collections.abc
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/discrete.py b/gymnasium/spaces/discrete.py
index c6f89922d..41b9c356a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/discrete.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/discrete.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space consisting of finitely many elements."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/graph.py b/gymnasium/spaces/graph.py
index 1710b0c0f..7f7c517eb 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/graph.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/graph.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents graph information where nodes and edges can be represented with euclidean space."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Sequence
@@ -176,8 +177,7 @@ def seed(
 
     def sample(
         self,
-        mask: None
-        | (
+        mask: None | (
             tuple[
                 NDArray[Any] | tuple[Any, ...] | None,
                 NDArray[Any] | tuple[Any, ...] | None,
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/multi_binary.py b/gymnasium/spaces/multi_binary.py
index fe0c40239..1da027fac 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/multi_binary.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/multi_binary.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that consists of binary np.ndarrays of a fixed shape."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Sequence
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/multi_discrete.py b/gymnasium/spaces/multi_discrete.py
index 24b63c2c4..2e6592053 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/multi_discrete.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/multi_discrete.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents the cartesian product of `Discrete` spaces."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/oneof.py b/gymnasium/spaces/oneof.py
index 8ec0bc031..08aa50a5a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/oneof.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/oneof.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents the cartesian product of other spaces."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import typing
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/sequence.py b/gymnasium/spaces/sequence.py
index 0f82198d6..8d5560c0a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/sequence.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/sequence.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents finite-length sequences."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import typing
@@ -100,8 +101,7 @@ def is_np_flattenable(self):
 
     def sample(
         self,
-        mask: None
-        | (
+        mask: None | (
             tuple[
                 None | np.integer | NDArray[np.integer],
                 Any,
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/space.py b/gymnasium/spaces/space.py
index 9e4a21e7a..4c6b4919e 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/space.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/space.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of the `Space` metaclass."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Generic, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence, TypeVar
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/text.py b/gymnasium/spaces/text.py
index 5114b2ec3..9bd8452b3 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/text.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/text.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents textual strings."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/tuple.py b/gymnasium/spaces/tuple.py
index 2002770a3..c7d2330d6 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/tuple.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/tuple.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a space that represents the cartesian product of other spaces."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import typing
diff --git a/gymnasium/spaces/utils.py b/gymnasium/spaces/utils.py
index ed53ca566..6a0cff405 100644
--- a/gymnasium/spaces/utils.py
+++ b/gymnasium/spaces/utils.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 These functions mostly take care of flattening and unflattening elements of spaces
  to facilitate their usage in learning code.
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import operator as op
@@ -538,9 +539,9 @@ def _flatten_space_dict(space: Dict) -> Box | Dict:
 def _flatten_space_graph(space: Graph) -> Graph:
     return Graph(
         node_space=flatten_space(space.node_space),
-        edge_space=flatten_space(space.edge_space)
-        if space.edge_space is not None
-        else None,
+        edge_space=(
+            flatten_space(space.edge_space) if space.edge_space is not None else None
+        ),
     )
 
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/ezpickle.py b/gymnasium/utils/ezpickle.py
index 782b8abc7..d4f8953d1 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/ezpickle.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/ezpickle.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Class for pickling and unpickling objects via their constructor arguments."""
+
 from typing import Any
 
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/passive_env_checker.py b/gymnasium/utils/passive_env_checker.py
index f7964b6d7..b6f26435a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/passive_env_checker.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/passive_env_checker.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """A set of functions for passively checking environment implementations."""
+
 import inspect
 from functools import partial
 from typing import Callable
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/play.py b/gymnasium/utils/play.py
index 8c414e79e..3d38a2ece 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/play.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/play.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utilities of visualising an environment."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from collections import deque
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/record_constructor.py b/gymnasium/utils/record_constructor.py
index ab820ba4a..c5c46326b 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/record_constructor.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/record_constructor.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Allows attributes passed to `RecordConstructorArgs` to be saved. This is used by the `Wrapper.spec` to know the constructor arguments of implemented wrappers."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/save_video.py b/gymnasium/utils/save_video.py
index c9366217b..9185af180 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/save_video.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/save_video.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utility functions to save rendering videos."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/seeding.py b/gymnasium/utils/seeding.py
index 95625f397..14dde4a11 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/seeding.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/seeding.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Set of random number generator functions: seeding, generator, hashing seeds."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/gymnasium/utils/step_api_compatibility.py b/gymnasium/utils/step_api_compatibility.py
index e56e882c4..cacb727f6 100644
--- a/gymnasium/utils/step_api_compatibility.py
+++ b/gymnasium/utils/step_api_compatibility.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Contains methods for step compatibility, from old-to-new and new-to-old API."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import SupportsFloat, Tuple, Union
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/__init__.py b/gymnasium/vector/__init__.py
index e3421f840..5e380b093 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Experimental vector env API."""
+
 from gymnasium.vector import utils
 from gymnasium.vector.async_vector_env import AsyncVectorEnv
 from gymnasium.vector.sync_vector_env import SyncVectorEnv
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/async_vector_env.py b/gymnasium/vector/async_vector_env.py
index 58e1c4a94..ddde56ffa 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/async_vector_env.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/async_vector_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """An async vector environment."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import multiprocessing
@@ -90,10 +91,12 @@ def __init__(
         copy: bool = True,
         context: str | None = None,
         daemon: bool = True,
-        worker: Callable[
-            [int, Callable[[], Env], Connection, Connection, bool, Queue], None
-        ]
-        | None = None,
+        worker: (
+            Callable[
+                [int, Callable[[], Env], Connection, Connection, bool, Queue], None
+            ]
+            | None
+        ) = None,
     ):
         """Vectorized environment that runs multiple environments in parallel.
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/sync_vector_env.py b/gymnasium/vector/sync_vector_env.py
index ccecd05a2..443d7bccf 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/sync_vector_env.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/sync_vector_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of a synchronous (for loop) vectorization method of any environment."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/utils/misc.py b/gymnasium/vector/utils/misc.py
index 51f283a4b..42cecd5d0 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/utils/misc.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/utils/misc.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Miscellaneous utilities."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import contextlib
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/utils/shared_memory.py b/gymnasium/vector/utils/shared_memory.py
index 66494718c..3e5678054 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/utils/shared_memory.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/utils/shared_memory.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utility functions for vector environments to share memory between processes."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import multiprocessing as mp
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/utils/space_utils.py b/gymnasium/vector/utils/space_utils.py
index c2021776f..8eb0dd7dd 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/utils/space_utils.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/utils/space_utils.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 - ``Iterate``: Iterate over the elements of a (batched) space and items.
 - ``create_empty_array``: Create an empty (possibly nested) (normally numpy-based) array, used in conjunction with ``concatenate(..., out=array)``
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/vector/vector_env.py b/gymnasium/vector/vector_env.py
index 31c052507..29b5e1c22 100644
--- a/gymnasium/vector/vector_env.py
+++ b/gymnasium/vector/vector_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Base class for vectorized environments."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Generic, TypeVar
@@ -95,8 +96,9 @@ class VectorEnv(Generic[ObsType, ActType, ArrayType]):
 
     To avoid having to wait for all sub-environments to terminated before resetting, implementations will autoreset
     sub-environments on episode end (`terminated or truncated is True`). As a result, when adding observations
-    to a replay buffer, this requires a knowning where the observation (and info) for each sub-environment are the first
-    observation from an autoreset. We recommend using an additional variable to store this information.
+    to a replay buffer, this requires knowing when an observation (and info) for each sub-environment are the first
+    observation from an autoreset. We recommend using an additional variable to store this information such as
+    ``has_autoreset = np.logical_or(terminated, truncated)``.
 
     The Vector Environments have the additional attributes for users to understand the implementation
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/__init__.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/__init__.py
index 09453ee95..0e6f7e6a9 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/__init__.py
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 
 If you'd like to implement your own custom wrapper, check out `the corresponding tutorial <../../tutorials/implementing_custom_wrappers>`_.
 """
+
 # pyright: reportUnsupportedDunderAll=false
 import importlib
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/atari_preprocessing.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/atari_preprocessing.py
index 4e4d89a00..c3f9efc8c 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/atari_preprocessing.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/atari_preprocessing.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Implementation of Atari 2600 Preprocessing following the guidelines of Machado et al., 2018."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/common.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/common.py
index dd70ab5d7..e66f6f7af 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/common.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/common.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 * ``OrderEnforcing`` - Enforces the order of function calls to environments
 * ``RecordEpisodeStatistics`` - Records the episode statistics
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import time
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/jax_to_numpy.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/jax_to_numpy.py
index 33c64e2f7..8c632b84a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/jax_to_numpy.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/jax_to_numpy.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Helper functions and wrapper class for converting between numpy and Jax."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import functools
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/numpy_to_torch.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/numpy_to_torch.py
index 794f1d9f2..9743d387e 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/numpy_to_torch.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/numpy_to_torch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Helper functions and wrapper class for converting between PyTorch and NumPy."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import functools
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/rendering.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/rendering.py
index 80206e78b..7291df06d 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/rendering.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/rendering.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 * ``RecordVideo`` - Records a video of the environments
 * ``HumanRendering`` - Provides human rendering of environments with ``"rgb_array"``
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_action.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_action.py
index edac53804..287b7c98e 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_action.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_action.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """``StickyAction`` wrapper - There is a probability that the action is taken again."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_observation.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_observation.py
index d593dc720..1d08974ba 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_observation.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_observation.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 * ``NormalizeObservation`` - Normalized the observations to have unit variance with a moving mean
 * ``MaxAndSkipObservation`` - Return only every ``skip``-th frame (frameskipping) and return the max between the two last frames.
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from collections import deque
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_reward.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_reward.py
index 053050d2c..99a62f4b0 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_reward.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/stateful_reward.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 * ``NormalizeReward`` - Normalizes the rewards to a mean and standard deviation
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_action.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_action.py
index a493d47b4..3c0c1623a 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_action.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_action.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 * ``ClipAction`` - Clips the action within a bounds
 * ``RescaleAction`` - Rescales the action within a minimum and maximum actions
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Callable
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_observation.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_observation.py
index a95daf6ce..8e44b19bc 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_observation.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_observation.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 * ``DtypeObservation`` - Convert an observation to a dtype
 * ``RenderObservation`` - Allows the observation to the rendered frame
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Callable, Final, Sequence
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_reward.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_reward.py
index aa7078ecc..d30248b09 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_reward.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/transform_reward.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 * ``TransformReward`` - Transforms the reward by a function
 * ``ClipReward`` - Clips the reward between a minimum and maximum value
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Callable, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/utils.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/utils.py
index f86710781..fdbc40d67 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/utils.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utility functions for the wrappers."""
+
 from functools import singledispatch
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/__init__.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/__init__.py
index 7ebd6eb17..9ae3ab24f 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/__init__.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Wrappers for vector environments."""
+
 # pyright: reportUnsupportedDunderAll=false
 import importlib
 
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/common.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/common.py
index 29f9db5bf..a9a570520 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/common.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/common.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Wrapper that tracks the cumulative rewards and episode lengths."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import time
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/dict_info_to_list.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/dict_info_to_list.py
index 3bcc4ab22..337349c1e 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/dict_info_to_list.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/dict_info_to_list.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Wrapper that converts the info format for vec envs into the list format."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_numpy.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_numpy.py
index 62fc4e591..94432a789 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_numpy.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_numpy.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Vector wrapper for converting between NumPy and Jax."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_torch.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_torch.py
index b55157514..32a468124 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_torch.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/jax_to_torch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Vector wrapper class for converting between PyTorch and Jax."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/numpy_to_torch.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/numpy_to_torch.py
index 4a2c3ab75..d9c3eaf12 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/numpy_to_torch.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/numpy_to_torch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Wrapper for converting NumPy environments to PyTorch."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/rendering.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/rendering.py
index 95c94bd1b..81418e385 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/rendering.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/rendering.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """File for rendering of vector-based environments."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_observation.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_observation.py
index edda8c8ef..75a80416f 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_observation.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_observation.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 * ``NormalizeObservation`` - Normalize the observations
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_reward.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_reward.py
index 8b96ae3ad..59d72a031 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_reward.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/stateful_reward.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 * ``NormalizeReward`` - Normalizes the rewards to a mean and standard deviation
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_action.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_action.py
index 63fefb5d5..1f517f663 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_action.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_action.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Vectorizes action wrappers to work for `VectorEnv`."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_observation.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_observation.py
index 2422c724e..0c95e6bcf 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_observation.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Vectorizes observation wrappers to works for `VectorEnv`."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from copy import deepcopy
diff --git a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_reward.py b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_reward.py
index 8ec9173dc..5f80192c4 100644
--- a/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_reward.py
+++ b/gymnasium/wrappers/vector/vectorize_reward.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Vectorizes reward function to work with `VectorEnv`."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, Callable
diff --git a/tests/envs/registration/test_env_spec.py b/tests/envs/registration/test_env_spec.py
index a9e16a3f2..5300ecb1c 100644
--- a/tests/envs/registration/test_env_spec.py
+++ b/tests/envs/registration/test_env_spec.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test for the `EnvSpec`, in particular, a full integration with `EnvSpec`."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import re
diff --git a/tests/envs/registration/test_make.py b/tests/envs/registration/test_make.py
index 9cf0072e2..ce39d55be 100644
--- a/tests/envs/registration/test_make.py
+++ b/tests/envs/registration/test_make.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Tests that `gym.make` works as expected."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import re
diff --git a/tests/envs/registration/test_make_vec.py b/tests/envs/registration/test_make_vec.py
index 6872435ba..64573ca6d 100644
--- a/tests/envs/registration/test_make_vec.py
+++ b/tests/envs/registration/test_make_vec.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Testing of the `gym.make_vec` function."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/envs/registration/test_register.py b/tests/envs/registration/test_register.py
index 918310b50..4fd946a0b 100644
--- a/tests/envs/registration/test_register.py
+++ b/tests/envs/registration/test_register.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Tests that `gymnasium.register` works as expected."""
+
 import re
 from typing import Optional
 
diff --git a/tests/envs/registration/utils_unregistered_env.py b/tests/envs/registration/utils_unregistered_env.py
index 2fa7fb2d2..d0fdce211 100644
--- a/tests/envs/registration/utils_unregistered_env.py
+++ b/tests/envs/registration/utils_unregistered_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """This utility file contains an environment that is registered upon loading the file."""
+
 import gymnasium as gym
 
 
diff --git a/tests/envs/utils.py b/tests/envs/utils.py
index ff8f8a783..415e9fd5a 100644
--- a/tests/envs/utils.py
+++ b/tests/envs/utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Finds all the specs that we can test with"""
+
 from typing import List, Optional
 
 import gymnasium as gym
diff --git a/tests/functional/test_functional.py b/tests/functional/test_functional.py
index 9f83a33f0..d4cb2f8f8 100644
--- a/tests/functional/test_functional.py
+++ b/tests/functional/test_functional.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Tests the functional api."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/tests/functional/test_jax_blackjack.py b/tests/functional/test_jax_blackjack.py
index d7f3a7d95..f368d60ab 100644
--- a/tests/functional/test_jax_blackjack.py
+++ b/tests/functional/test_jax_blackjack.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """Tests for Jax Blackjack functional env."""
 
-
 import pytest
 
 
diff --git a/tests/functional/test_jax_cliffwalking.py b/tests/functional/test_jax_cliffwalking.py
index 19f175b6a..722a08e97 100644
--- a/tests/functional/test_jax_cliffwalking.py
+++ b/tests/functional/test_jax_cliffwalking.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """Tests for Jax cliffwalking functional env."""
 
-
 import pytest
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_core.py b/tests/test_core.py
index 9ce032bce..196b64f73 100644
--- a/tests/test_core.py
+++ b/tests/test_core.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Checks that the core Gymnasium API is implemented as expected."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import re
diff --git a/tests/testing_env.py b/tests/testing_env.py
index 910bcfd9e..7d5dff617 100644
--- a/tests/testing_env.py
+++ b/tests/testing_env.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Provides a generic testing environment for use in tests with custom reset, step and render functions."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import types
diff --git a/tests/utils/test_env_checker.py b/tests/utils/test_env_checker.py
index 92984b082..b951d5457 100644
--- a/tests/utils/test_env_checker.py
+++ b/tests/utils/test_env_checker.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Tests that the `env_checker` runs as expects and all errors are possible."""
+
 import re
 import warnings
 from typing import Callable, Tuple, Union
diff --git a/tests/vector/test_vector_env_info.py b/tests/vector/test_vector_env_info.py
index 09bed45c2..e762758a6 100644
--- a/tests/vector/test_vector_env_info.py
+++ b/tests/vector/test_vector_env_info.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test the vector environment information."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any, SupportsFloat
diff --git a/tests/vector/test_vector_wrapper.py b/tests/vector/test_vector_wrapper.py
index 16dd82932..572d89f9a 100644
--- a/tests/vector/test_vector_wrapper.py
+++ b/tests/vector/test_vector_wrapper.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Tests the vector wrappers work as expected."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/tests/vector/testing_utils.py b/tests/vector/testing_utils.py
index 8f35dff83..7407dba47 100644
--- a/tests/vector/testing_utils.py
+++ b/tests/vector/testing_utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Testing utilitys for `gymnasium.vector`."""
+
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
diff --git a/tests/vector/utils/utils.py b/tests/vector/utils/utils.py
index 8a0b022fe..ee9136e0a 100644
--- a/tests/vector/utils/utils.py
+++ b/tests/vector/utils/utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utility functions for testing the vector utility functions."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_add_render_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_add_render_observation.py
index 7ea9b66cf..8b3ecb5ac 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_add_render_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_add_render_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for RenderObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_autoreset.py b/tests/wrappers/test_autoreset.py
index 1448264f0..ef1c6db9f 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_autoreset.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_autoreset.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for Autoreset wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 import gymnasium as gym
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_clip_reward.py b/tests/wrappers/test_clip_reward.py
index 42b3606f2..c5bd4b75a 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_clip_reward.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_clip_reward.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for ClipReward wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_delay_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_delay_observation.py
index d47daf6a8..52d4d1336 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_delay_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_delay_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for DelayObservation wrapper."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_dtype_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_dtype_observation.py
index c54d52228..beb53e87a 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_dtype_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_dtype_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for DtypeObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from gymnasium.wrappers import DtypeObservation
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_filter_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_filter_observation.py
index 51bbd48d8..dd3c8abae 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_filter_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_filter_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for FilterObservation wrapper."""
+
 import pytest
 
 from gymnasium.spaces import Box, Dict, Tuple
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_frame_stack_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_frame_stack_observation.py
index d14ff6f6b..34e31a564 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_frame_stack_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_frame_stack_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for FrameStackObservation wrapper."""
+
 import re
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_gray_scale_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_gray_scale_observation.py
index 768be31ca..69f2610b4 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_gray_scale_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_gray_scale_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for GrayscaleObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from gymnasium.spaces import Box
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_human_rendering.py b/tests/wrappers/test_human_rendering.py
index bf9ff3931..5764c56c4 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_human_rendering.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_human_rendering.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite of HumanRendering wrapper."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_import_wrappers.py b/tests/wrappers/test_import_wrappers.py
index 81ba67d5f..1ee5f0b4a 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_import_wrappers.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_import_wrappers.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for import wrappers."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_numpy.py b/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_numpy.py
index 72b923456..9726dfe1a 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_numpy.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_numpy.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for JaxToNumpy wrapper."""
+
 from typing import NamedTuple
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_torch.py b/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_torch.py
index 54e52e5be..065755e5d 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_torch.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_jax_to_torch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for TorchToJax wrapper."""
+
 from typing import NamedTuple
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_max_and_skip_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_max_and_skip_observation.py
index 0be057de8..57fd78f4f 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_max_and_skip_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_max_and_skip_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for MaxAndSkipObservation wrapper."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_normalize_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_normalize_observation.py
index 9639d4100..04a15168c 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_normalize_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_normalize_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for NormalizeObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 import gymnasium as gym
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_numpy_to_torch.py b/tests/wrappers/test_numpy_to_torch.py
index c980c40f9..afb89a68c 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_numpy_to_torch.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_numpy_to_torch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for NumPyToTorch wrapper."""
+
 from typing import NamedTuple
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_order_enforcing.py b/tests/wrappers/test_order_enforcing.py
index 428827be1..708aa4810 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_order_enforcing.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_order_enforcing.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for OrderEnforcing wrapper."""
+
 import pytest
 
 from gymnasium.envs.classic_control import CartPoleEnv
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_record_video.py b/tests/wrappers/test_record_video.py
index a328a3be0..b7bdcb1f2 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_record_video.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_record_video.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for RecordVideo wrapper."""
+
 import os
 import shutil
 from typing import List
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_action.py b/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_action.py
index fcd8b098d..84d23044f 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_action.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_action.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for RescaleAction wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from gymnasium.spaces import Box
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_observation.py
index 3178fa9b9..2311aaeb1 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_rescale_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for RescaleObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from gymnasium.spaces import Box
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_reshape_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_reshape_observation.py
index 2458daf5f..1de070afa 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_reshape_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_reshape_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for ReshapeObservation wrapper."""
+
 from gymnasium.spaces import Box
 from gymnasium.wrappers import ReshapeObservation
 from tests.testing_env import GenericTestEnv
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_resize_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_resize_observation.py
index 233612930..6325f2a68 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_resize_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_resize_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for ResizeObservation wrapper."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import numpy as np
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_sticky_action.py b/tests/wrappers/test_sticky_action.py
index bdd4c4858..17719b32c 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_sticky_action.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_sticky_action.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for StickyAction wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/test_time_aware_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/test_time_aware_observation.py
index 7eeaea2ef..0fd0ae23e 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/test_time_aware_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/test_time_aware_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for TimeAwareObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/utils.py b/tests/wrappers/utils.py
index a1b1b99bb..9bead1ac4 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/utils.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Utility functions for testing the wrappers."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import gymnasium as gym
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_dict_info_to_list.py b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_dict_info_to_list.py
index f07c97005..4648cea60 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_dict_info_to_list.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_dict_info_to_list.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for DictInfoTolist wrapper."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_human_rendering.py b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_human_rendering.py
index 9ddb390d7..2fc9ca433 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_human_rendering.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_human_rendering.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite of HumanRendering wrapper."""
+
 import re
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_observation.py b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_observation.py
index 3dab73b00..a78158b51 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_observation.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_observation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for vector NormalizeObservation wrapper."""
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from gymnasium import spaces, wrappers
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_reward.py b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_reward.py
index 88009a3bb..3c7451fa5 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_reward.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_normalize_reward.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Test suite for vector NormalizeReward wrapper."""
+
 from typing import Optional
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -41,9 +42,9 @@ def test_functionality(
     accumulated_rew = 0
     for _ in range(n_steps):
         action = env.action_space.sample()
-        _, rew, ter, tru, _ = env.step(action)
-        dones = np.logical_or(ter, tru)
-        accumulated_rew = accumulated_rew * 0.9 * dones + rew
+        _, reward, terminated, truncated, _ = env.step(action)
+        dones = np.logical_or(terminated, truncated)
+        accumulated_rew = accumulated_rew * 0.9 * dones + reward
         forward_rets.append(accumulated_rew)
 
     env.close()
@@ -65,6 +66,6 @@ def test_against_wrapper(n_envs=3, n_steps=100, rtol=0.01, atol=0):
     env.reset()
     for _ in range(n_steps):
         action = env.action_space.sample()
-        _, _, ter, tru, _ = env.step(action)
+        env.step(action)
 
     assert np.allclose(env.return_rms.var, vec_env.return_rms.var, rtol=rtol, atol=atol)
diff --git a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_vector_wrappers.py b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_vector_wrappers.py
index 783c73944..22bb9e00a 100644
--- a/tests/wrappers/vector/test_vector_wrappers.py
+++ b/tests/wrappers/vector/test_vector_wrappers.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  * Different implementations - `LambdaObservation`, `LambdaReward` and `LambdaAction`
  * Different random sources - `StickyAction`
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Any