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loki.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Loki
Simple IOC Scanner
Detection is based on three detection methods:
1. File Name IOC
Applied to file names
2. Yara Check
Applied to files and processes
3. Hash Check
Compares known malicious hashes with the ones of the scanned files
Loki combines all IOCs from ReginScanner and SkeletonKeyScanner and is the
little brother of THOR our full-featured corporate APT Scanner
Florian Roth
DISCLAIMER - USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
"""
import sys
import os
import argparse
import traceback
import yara # install 'yara-python' module not the outdated 'yara' module
import re
import stat
import psutil
import platform
import signal as signal_module
from sys import platform as _platform
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from collections import Counter
import datetime
from bisect import bisect_left
# LOKI Modules
from lib.lokilogger import *
from lib.levenshtein import LevCheck
from lib.helpers import *
from lib.pesieve import PESieve
from lib.doublepulsar import DoublePulsar
from lib.vuln_checker import VulnChecker
# Platform
os_platform = ""
if _platform == "linux" or _platform == "linux2":
os_platform = "linux"
elif _platform == "darwin":
os_platform = "macos"
elif _platform == "win32":
os_platform = "windows"
# Win32 Imports
if os_platform == "windows":
try:
import wmi
import win32api
from win32com.shell import shell
import win32file
except Exception as e:
print("Linux System - deactivating process memory check ...")
os_platform = "linux" # crazy guess
if os_platform == "":
print("Unable to determine platform - LOKI is lost.")
sys.exit(1)
# Predefined Evil Extensions
EVIL_EXTENSIONS = [".vbs", ".ps", ".ps1", ".rar", ".tmp", ".bas", ".bat", ".chm", ".cmd", ".com", ".cpl",
".crt", ".dll", ".exe", ".hta", ".js", ".lnk", ".msc", ".ocx", ".pcd", ".pif", ".pot", ".pdf",
".reg", ".scr", ".sct", ".sys", ".url", ".vb", ".vbe", ".wsc", ".wsf", ".wsh", ".ct", ".t",
".input", ".war", ".jsp", ".jspx", ".php", ".asp", ".aspx", ".doc", ".docx", ".pdf", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt",
".pptx", ".tmp", ".log", ".dump", ".pwd", ".w", ".txt", ".conf", ".cfg", ".conf", ".config", ".psd1",
".psm1", ".ps1xml", ".clixml", ".psc1", ".pssc", ".pl", ".www", ".rdp", ".jar", ".docm", ".sys"]
SCRIPT_EXTENSIONS = [".asp", ".vbs", ".ps1", ".bas", ".bat", ".js", ".vb", ".vbe", ".wsc", ".wsf",
".wsh", ".jsp", ".jspx", ".php", ".asp", ".aspx", ".psd1", ".psm1", ".ps1xml", ".clixml", ".psc1",
".pssc", ".pl"]
SCRIPT_TYPES = ["VBS", "PHP", "JSP", "ASP", "BATCH"]
def ioc_contains(sorted_list, value):
# returns true if sorted_list contains value
index = bisect_left(sorted_list, value)
return index != len(sorted_list) and sorted_list[index] == value
class Loki(object):
# Signatures
yara_rules = []
filename_iocs = []
hashes_md5 = {}
hashes_sha1 = {}
hashes_sha256 = {}
hashes_scores = {}
false_hashes = {}
c2_server = {}
# Yara rule directories
yara_rule_directories = []
# Excludes (list of regex that match within the whole path) (user-defined via excludes.cfg)
fullExcludes = []
# Platform specific excludes (match the beginning of the full path) (not user-defined)
startExcludes = []
# File type magics
filetype_magics = {}
max_filetype_magics = 0
# Predefined paths to skip (Linux platform)
LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_START = set(["/proc", "/dev", "/sys/kernel/debug", "/sys/kernel/slab", "/sys/devices", "/usr/src/linux"])
MOUNTED_DEVICES = set(["/media", "/volumes"])
LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_END = set(["/initctl"])
def __init__(self, intense_mode):
# Scan Mode
self.intense_mode = intense_mode
# Get application path
self.app_path = get_application_path()
# PESieve
if os_platform == "windows":
self.peSieve = PESieve(self.app_path, is64bit(), logger)
# Check if signature database is present
sig_dir = os.path.join(self.app_path, "signature-base")
if not os.path.exists(sig_dir) or os.listdir(sig_dir) == []:
logger.log("NOTICE", "Init", "The 'signature-base' subdirectory doesn't exist or is empty. "
"Trying to retrieve the signature database automatically.")
updateLoki(sigsOnly=True)
# Excludes
self.initialize_excludes(os.path.join(self.app_path, "config/excludes.cfg".replace("/", os.sep)))
# Linux and macOS static excludes
if not args.force:
if os_platform == "linux" and args.alldrives:
self.startExcludes = self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_START
elif os_platform == "linux":
self.startExcludes = self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_START | self.MOUNTED_DEVICES | set(getExcludedMountpoints())
# macos excludes like Linux until we get some field data
if os_platform == "macos" and args.alldrives:
self.startExcludes = self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_START
elif os_platform == "macos":
self.startExcludes = self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_START | self.MOUNTED_DEVICES
# Set IOC path
self.ioc_path = os.path.join(self.app_path, "signature-base/iocs/".replace("/", os.sep))
# Yara rule directories
self.yara_rule_directories.append(os.path.join(self.app_path, "signature-base/yara".replace("/", os.sep)))
self.yara_rule_directories.append(os.path.join(self.app_path, "signature-base/iocs/yara".replace("/", os.sep)))
self.yara_rule_directories.append(os.path.join(self.app_path, "signature-base/3rdparty".replace("/", os.sep)))
# Read IOCs -------------------------------------------------------
# File Name IOCs (all files in iocs that contain 'filename')
self.initialize_filename_iocs(self.ioc_path)
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "File Name Characteristics initialized with %s regex patterns" % len(self.filename_iocs))
# C2 based IOCs (all files in iocs that contain 'c2')
self.initialize_c2_iocs(self.ioc_path)
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "C2 server indicators initialized with %s elements" % len(self.c2_server.keys()))
# Hash based IOCs (all files in iocs that contain 'hash')
self.initialize_hash_iocs(self.ioc_path)
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "Malicious MD5 Hashes initialized with %s hashes" % len(self.hashes_md5.keys()))
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "Malicious SHA1 Hashes initialized with %s hashes" % len(self.hashes_sha1.keys()))
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "Malicious SHA256 Hashes initialized with %s hashes" % len(self.hashes_sha256.keys()))
# Hash based False Positives (all files in iocs that contain 'hash' and 'falsepositive')
self.initialize_hash_iocs(self.ioc_path, false_positive=True)
logger.log("INFO", "Init", "False Positive Hashes initialized with %s hashes" % len(self.false_hashes.keys()))
# Compile Yara Rules
self.initialize_yara_rules()
# Initialize File Type Magic signatures
self.initialize_filetype_magics(os.path.join(self.app_path, 'signature-base/misc/file-type-signatures.txt'.replace("/", os.sep)))
# Levenshtein Checker
self.LevCheck = LevCheck()
def scan_path(self, path):
# Check if path exists
if not os.path.exists(path):
logger.log("ERROR", "FileScan", "None Existing Scanning Path %s ... " % path)
return
# Startup
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Scanning Path %s ... " % path)
# Platform specific excludes
for skip in self.startExcludes:
if path.startswith(skip):
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan",
"Skipping %s directory [fixed excludes] (try using --force, --allhds or --alldrives)" % skip)
return
# Counter
c = 0
for root, directories, files in os.walk(path, onerror=walk_error, followlinks=False):
# Skip paths that start with ..
newDirectories = []
for dir in directories:
skipIt = False
# Generate a complete path for comparisons
completePath = os.path.join(root, dir).lower() + os.sep
# Platform specific excludes
for skip in self.startExcludes:
if completePath.startswith(skip):
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Skipping %s directory [fixed excludes] (try using --force, --allhds or --alldrives)" % skip)
skipIt = True
if not skipIt:
newDirectories.append(dir)
directories[:] = newDirectories
# Loop through files
for filename in files:
try:
# Findings
reasons = []
# Total Score
total_score = 0
# Get the file and path
filePath = os.path.join(root, filename)
fpath = os.path.split(filePath)[0]
# Clean the values for YARA matching
# > due to errors when Unicode characters are passed to the match function as
# external variables
filePathCleaned = fpath.encode('ascii', errors='replace')
fileNameCleaned = filename.encode('ascii', errors='replace')
# Get Extension
extension = os.path.splitext(filePath)[1].lower()
# Skip marker
skipIt = False
# Unicode error test
#if 1 > 0:
# walk_error(OSError("[Error 3] No such file or directory"))
# User defined excludes
for skip in self.fullExcludes:
if skip.search(filePath):
logger.log("DEBUG", "FileScan", "Skipping element %s" % filePath)
skipIt = True
# Linux directory skip
if os_platform == "linux" or os_platform == "macos":
# Skip paths that end with ..
for skip in self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_END:
if filePath.endswith(skip):
if self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_END[skip] == 0:
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Skipping %s element" % skip)
self.LINUX_PATH_SKIPS_END[skip] = 1
skipIt = True
# File mode
mode = os.stat(filePath).st_mode
if stat.S_ISCHR(mode) or stat.S_ISBLK(mode) or stat.S_ISFIFO(mode) or stat.S_ISLNK(mode) or stat.S_ISSOCK(mode):
continue
# Skip
if skipIt:
continue
# Counter
c += 1
if not args.noindicator:
printProgress(c)
# Skip program directory
# print appPath.lower() +" - "+ filePath.lower()
if self.app_path.lower() in filePath.lower():
logger.log("DEBUG", "FileScan", "Skipping file in program directory FILE: %s" % filePathCleaned)
continue
fileSize = os.stat(filePath).st_size
# print file_size
# File Name Checks -------------------------------------------------
for fioc in self.filename_iocs:
match = fioc['regex'].search(filePath)
if match:
# Check for False Positive
if fioc['regex_fp']:
match_fp = fioc['regex_fp'].search(filePath)
if match_fp:
continue
# Create Reason
reasons.append("File Name IOC matched PATTERN: %s SUBSCORE: %s DESC: %s" % (fioc['regex'].pattern, fioc['score'], fioc['description']))
total_score += int(fioc['score'])
# Levenshtein Check
if not args.nolevcheck:
result = self.LevCheck.check(filename)
if result:
reasons.append("Levenshtein check - filename looks much like a well-known system file "
"SUBSCORE: 40 ORIGINAL: %s" % result)
total_score += 60
# Access check (also used for magic header detection)
firstBytes = b""
firstBytesString = b"-"
hashString = ""
try:
with open(filePath, 'rb') as f:
firstBytes = f.read(4)
except Exception as e:
logger.log("DEBUG", "FileScan", "Cannot open file %s (access denied)" % filePathCleaned)
# Evaluate Type
fileType = get_file_type(filePath, self.filetype_magics, self.max_filetype_magics, logger)
# Fast Scan Mode - non intense
do_intense_check = True
if not self.intense_mode and fileType == "UNKNOWN" and extension not in EVIL_EXTENSIONS:
if args.printall:
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Skipping file due to fast scan mode: %s" % fileNameCleaned)
do_intense_check = False
# Set fileData to an empty value
fileData = ""
# Evaluations -------------------------------------------------------
# Evaluate size
if fileSize > (int(args.s) * 1024):
# Print files
do_intense_check = False
# Some file types will force intense check
if fileType == "MDMP":
do_intense_check = True
# Intense Check switch
if do_intense_check:
if args.printall:
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Scanning %s TYPE: %s SIZE: %s" % (fileNameCleaned, fileType, fileSize))
else:
if args.printall:
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Checking %s TYPE: %s SIZE: %s" % (fileNameCleaned, fileType, fileSize))
# Hash Check -------------------------------------------------------
# Do the check
if do_intense_check:
fileData = self.get_file_data(filePath)
# First bytes
firstBytesString = "%s / %s" % (fileData[:20].hex(), removeNonAsciiDrop(fileData[:20]))
# Hash Eval
matchType = None
matchDesc = None
matchHash = None
md5 = 0
sha1 = 0
sha256 = 0
md5, sha1, sha256 = generateHashes(fileData)
md5_num=int(md5, 16)
sha1_num=int(sha1, 16)
sha256_num=int(sha256, 16)
# False Positive Hash
if md5_num in self.false_hashes.keys() or sha1_num in self.false_hashes.keys() or sha256_num in self.false_hashes.keys():
continue
# Malware Hash
matchScore = 100
matchLevel = "Malware"
if ioc_contains(self.hashes_md5_list, md5_num):
matchType = "MD5"
matchDesc = self.hashes_md5[md5_num]
matchHash = md5
matchScore = self.hashes_scores[md5_num]
if ioc_contains(self.hashes_sha1_list, sha1_num):
matchType = "SHA1"
matchDesc = self.hashes_sha1[sha1_num]
matchHash = sha1
matchScore = self.hashes_scores[sha1_num]
if ioc_contains(self.hashes_sha256_list, sha256_num):
matchType = "SHA256"
matchDesc = self.hashes_sha256[sha256_num]
matchHash = sha256
matchScore = self.hashes_scores[sha256_num]
# If score is low change the description
if matchScore < 80:
matchLevel = "Suspicious"
# Hash string
hashString = "MD5: %s SHA1: %s SHA256: %s" % ( md5, sha1, sha256 )
if matchType:
reasons.append("%s Hash TYPE: %s HASH: %s SUBSCORE: %d DESC: %s" % (
matchLevel, matchType, matchHash, matchScore, matchDesc))
total_score += matchScore
# Script Anomalies Check
if args.scriptanalysis:
if extension in SCRIPT_EXTENSIONS or type in SCRIPT_TYPES:
logger.log("DEBUG", "FileScan", "Performing character analysis on file %s ... " % filePath)
message, score = self.script_stats_analysis(fileData)
if message:
reasons.append("%s SCORE: %s" % (message, score))
total_score += score
# Yara Check -------------------------------------------------------
# Memory Dump Scan
if fileType == "MDMP":
logger.log("INFO", "FileScan", "Scanning memory dump file %s" % fileNameCleaned.decode('utf-8'))
# Scan the read data
try:
for (score, rule, description, reference, matched_strings, author) in \
self.scan_data(fileData=fileData,
fileType=fileType,
fileName=fileNameCleaned,
filePath=filePathCleaned,
extension=extension,
md5=md5 # legacy rule support
):
# Message
message = "Yara Rule MATCH: %s SUBSCORE: %s DESCRIPTION: %s REF: %s AUTHOR: %s" % \
(rule, score, description, reference, author)
# Matches
if len(matched_strings) > 0:
message += " MATCHES: %s" % ", ".join(matched_strings)
total_score += score
reasons.append(message)
except Exception as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
logger.log("ERROR", "FileScan", "Cannot YARA scan file: %s" % filePathCleaned)
# Info Line -----------------------------------------------------------------------
fileInfo = "FILE: %s SCORE: %s TYPE: %s SIZE: %s FIRST_BYTES: %s %s %s " % (
filePath, total_score, fileType, fileSize, firstBytesString, hashString, getAgeString(filePath))
# Now print the total result
if total_score >= args.a:
message_type = "ALERT"
elif total_score >= args.w:
message_type = "WARNING"
elif total_score >= args.n:
message_type = "NOTICE"
if total_score < args.n:
continue
# Reasons to message body
message_body = fileInfo
for i, r in enumerate(reasons):
if i < 2 or args.allreasons:
message_body += "REASON_{0}: {1}".format(i+1, r)
logger.log(message_type, "FileScan", message_body)
except Exception as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
sys.exit(1)
def scan_data(self, fileData, fileType="-", fileName=b"-", filePath=b"-", extension=b"-", md5="-"):
# Scan parameters
#print fileType, fileName, filePath, extension, md5
# Scan with yara
try:
for rules in self.yara_rules:
# Yara Rule Match
matches = rules.match(data=fileData,
externals={
'filename': fileName.decode('utf-8'),
'filepath': filePath.decode('utf-8'),
'extension': extension,
'filetype': fileType,
'md5': md5,
'owner': "dummy"
})
# If matched
if matches:
for match in matches:
score = 70
description = "not set"
reference = "-"
author = "-"
# Built-in rules have meta fields (cannot be expected from custom rules)
if hasattr(match, 'meta'):
if 'description' in match.meta:
description = match.meta['description']
if 'cluster' in match.meta:
description = "IceWater Cluster {0}".format(match.meta['cluster'])
if 'reference' in match.meta:
reference = match.meta['reference']
if 'viz_url' in match.meta:
reference = match.meta['viz_url']
if 'author' in match.meta:
author = match.meta['author']
# If a score is given
if 'score' in match.meta:
score = int(match.meta['score'])
# Matching strings
matched_strings = []
if hasattr(match, 'strings'):
# Get matching strings
matched_strings = self.get_string_matches(match.strings)
yield score, match.rule, description, reference, matched_strings, author
except Exception as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
def get_string_matches(self, strings):
try:
matching_strings = []
for string in strings:
# Limit string
string_value = str(string.instances[0]).replace("'", '\\')
if len(string_value) > 140:
string_value = string_value[:140] + " ... (truncated)"
matching_strings.append("{0}: '{1}'".format(string.identifier, string_value))
return matching_strings
except:
traceback.print_exc()
def check_svchost_owner(self, owner):
## Locale setting
import ctypes
import locale
windll = ctypes.windll.kernel32
locale = locale.windows_locale[ windll.GetUserDefaultUILanguage() ]
if locale == 'fr_FR':
return (owner.upper().startswith("SERVICE LOCAL") or
owner.upper().startswith(u"SERVICE RÉSEAU") or
re.match(r"SERVICE R.SEAU", owner) or
owner == u"Système" or
owner.upper().startswith(u"AUTORITE NT\Système") or
re.match(r"AUTORITE NT\\Syst.me", owner))
elif locale == 'ru_RU':
return (owner.upper().startswith("NET") or
owner == u"система" or
owner.upper().startswith("LO"))
else:
return ( owner.upper().startswith("NT ") or owner.upper().startswith("NET") or
owner.upper().startswith("LO") or
owner.upper().startswith("SYSTEM"))
def scan_processes(self, nopesieve, nolisten, excludeprocess, pesieveshellc):
# WMI Handler
c = wmi.WMI()
processes = c.Win32_Process()
t_systemroot = os.environ['SYSTEMROOT']
# WinInit PID
wininit_pid = 0
# LSASS Counter
lsass_count = 0
# LOKI's processes
loki_pid = os.getpid()
loki_ppid = psutil.Process(os.getpid()).ppid() # safer way to do this - os.ppid() fails in some envs
for process in processes:
try:
# Gather Process Information --------------------------------------
if process.name.lower() in excludeprocess:
continue
pid = process.ProcessId
name = process.Name
cmd = process.CommandLine
if not cmd:
cmd = "N/A"
if not name:
name = "N/A"
path = "none"
parent_pid = process.ParentProcessId
priority = process.Priority
ws_size = process.VirtualSize
if process.ExecutablePath:
path = process.ExecutablePath
# Owner
try:
owner_raw = process.GetOwner()
owner = owner_raw[2]
except Exception as e:
owner = "unknown"
if not owner:
owner = "unknown"
except Exception as e:
logger.log("ALERT", "ProcessScan", "Error getting all process information. Did you run the scanner 'As Administrator'?")
continue
# Is parent to other processes - save PID
if name == "wininit.exe":
wininit_pid = pid
# Special Checks ------------------------------------------------------
# better executable path
if not "\\" in cmd and path != "none":
cmd = path
# Process Info
process_info = "PID: %s NAME: %s OWNER: %s CMD: %s PATH: %s" % (str(pid), name, owner, cmd, path)
# Skip some PIDs ------------------------------------------------------
if pid == 0 or pid == 4:
logger.log("INFO", "ProcessScan", "Skipping Process %s" % process_info)
continue
# Skip own process ----------------------------------------------------
if loki_pid == pid or loki_ppid == pid:
logger.log("INFO", "ProcessScan", "Skipping LOKI Process %s" % process_info)
continue
# Print info ----------------------------------------------------------
logger.log("INFO", "ProcessScan", "Scanning Process %s" % process_info)
# Skeleton Key Malware Process
if re.search(r'psexec .* [a-fA-F0-9]{32}', cmd, re.IGNORECASE):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "Process that looks liks SKELETON KEY psexec execution detected %s" % process_info)
# File Name Checks -------------------------------------------------
for fioc in self.filename_iocs:
match = fioc['regex'].search(cmd)
if match:
if int(fioc['score']) > 70:
logger.log("ALERT", "ProcessScan", "File Name IOC matched PATTERN: %s DESC: %s MATCH: %s" % (fioc['regex'].pattern, fioc['description'], cmd))
elif int(fioc['score']) > 40:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "File Name Suspicious IOC matched PATTERN: %s DESC: %s MATCH: %s" % (fioc['regex'].pattern, fioc['description'], cmd))
# Suspicious waitfor - possible backdoor https://twitter.com/subTee/status/872274262769500160
if name == "waitfor.exe":
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "Suspicious waitfor.exe process https://twitter.com/subTee/status/872274262769500160 %s" % process_info)
# Yara rule match
# only on processes with a small working set size
if processExists(pid):
if int(ws_size) < ( args.maxworkingset * 1048576 ):
try:
alerts = []
for rules in self.yara_rules:
# continue - fast switch
matches = rules.match(pid=pid)
if matches:
for match in matches:
# Preset memory_rule
memory_rule = 1
# Built-in rules have meta fields (cannot be expected from custom rules)
if hasattr(match, 'meta'):
# If a score is given
if 'memory' in match.meta:
memory_rule = int(match.meta['memory'])
# If rule is meant to be applied to process memory as well
if memory_rule == 1:
# print match.rule
alerts.append("Yara Rule MATCH: %s %s" % (match.rule, process_info))
if len(alerts) > 5:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "Too many matches on process memory - most likely a false positive %s" % process_info)
elif len(alerts) > 0:
for alert in alerts:
logger.log("ALERT", "ProcessScan", alert)
except Exception as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
if path != "none":
logger.log("ERROR", "ProcessScan", "Error during process memory Yara check (maybe the process doesn't exist anymore or access denied) %s" % process_info)
else:
logger.log("DEBUG", "ProcessScan", "Skipped Yara memory check due to the process' big working set size (stability issues) PID: %s NAME: %s SIZE: %s" % ( pid, name, ws_size))
###############################################################
# PE-Sieve Checks
try:
if processExists(pid) and self.peSieve.active and not nopesieve:
# If PE-Sieve reports replaced processes
logger.log("DEBUG", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve scan of process PID: %s" % pid)
results = self.peSieve.scan(pid, pesieveshellc)
if results["replaced"]:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve reported replaced process %s REPLACED: %s" %
(process_info, str(results["replaced"])))
elif results["implanted_pe"] or results["implanted_shc"]:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve reported implanted process %s "
"IMPLANTED PE: %s IMPLANTED SHC: %s" % (process_info, str(results["implanted_pe"]),
str(results["implanted_shc"])) )
elif results["patched"]:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve reported patched process %s PATCHED: %s" %
(process_info, str(results["patched"])))
elif results["unreachable_file"]:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve reported a process with unreachable exe %s UNREACHABLE: %s" %
(process_info, str(results["unreachable_file"])))
else:
logger.log("INFO", "ProcessScan", "PE-Sieve reported no anomalies %s" % process_info)
except WindowsError as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
logger.log("ERROR", "ProcessScan",
"Error while accessing process handle using PE-Sieve (use --debug for full traceback)")
###############################################################
# THOR Process Connection Checks
if not nolisten:
self.check_process_connections(process)
###############################################################
# THOR Process Anomaly Checks
# Source: Sysforensics http://goo.gl/P99QZQ
# Process: System
if name == "System" and not pid == 4:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "System process without PID=4 %s" % process_info)
# Process: smss.exe
if name == "smss.exe" and not parent_pid == 4:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "smss.exe parent PID is != 4 %s" % process_info)
if path != "none":
if name == "smss.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "smss.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "smss.exe" and priority != 11:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "smss.exe priority is not 11 %s" % process_info)
# Process: csrss.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "csrss.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "csrss.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "csrss.exe" and priority != 13:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "csrss.exe priority is not 13 %s" % process_info)
# Process: wininit.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "wininit.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "wininit.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "wininit.exe" and priority != 13:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "wininit.exe priority is not 13 %s" % process_info)
# Is parent to other processes - save PID
if name == "wininit.exe":
wininit_pid = pid
# Process: services.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "services.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "services.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "services.exe" and priority != 9:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "services.exe priority is not 9 %s" % process_info)
if wininit_pid > 0:
if name == "services.exe" and not parent_pid == wininit_pid:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "services.exe parent PID is not the one of wininit.exe %s" % process_info)
# Process: lsass.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "lsass.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsass.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "lsass.exe" and priority != 9:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsass.exe priority is not 9 %s" % process_info)
if wininit_pid > 0:
if name == "lsass.exe" and not parent_pid == wininit_pid:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsass.exe parent PID is not the one of wininit.exe %s" % process_info)
# Only a single lsass process is valid - count occurrences
if name == "lsass.exe":
lsass_count += 1
if lsass_count > 1:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsass.exe count is higher than 1 %s" % process_info)
# Process: svchost.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "svchost.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "svchost.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "svchost.exe" and priority != 8:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "svchost.exe priority is not 8 %s" % process_info)
# Windows 10 FP
#if name == "svchost.exe" and not ( self.check_svchost_owner(owner) or "unistacksvcgroup" in cmd.lower()):
# logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "svchost.exe process owner is suspicious %s" % process_info)
if name == "svchost.exe" and not " -k " in cmd and cmd != "N/A":
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "svchost.exe process does not contain a -k in its command line %s" % process_info)
# Process: lsm.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "lsm.exe" and not ( "system32" in path.lower() or "system32" in cmd.lower() ):
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsm.exe path is not System32 %s" % process_info)
if name == "lsm.exe" and priority != 8:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "lsm.exe priority is not 8 %s" % process_info)
if name == "lsm.exe" and not ( owner.startswith("NT ") or owner.startswith("LO") or owner.startswith("SYSTEM") or owner.startswith(u"система")):
logger.log(u"WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsm.exe process owner is suspicious %s" % process_info)
if wininit_pid > 0:
if name == "lsm.exe" and not parent_pid == wininit_pid:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "lsm.exe parent PID is not the one of wininit.exe %s" % process_info)
# Process: winlogon.exe
if name == "winlogon.exe" and priority != 13:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "winlogon.exe priority is not 13 %s" % process_info)
if re.search("(Windows 7|Windows Vista)", getPlatformFull()):
if name == "winlogon.exe" and parent_pid > 0:
for proc in processes:
if parent_pid == proc.ProcessId:
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "winlogon.exe has a parent ID but should have none %s PARENTID: %s"
% (process_info, str(parent_pid)))
# Process: explorer.exe
if path != "none":
if name == "explorer.exe" and not t_systemroot.lower() in path.lower():
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan", "explorer.exe path is not %%SYSTEMROOT%% %s" % process_info)
if name == "explorer.exe" and parent_pid > 0:
for proc in processes:
if parent_pid == proc.ProcessId:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "explorer.exe has a parent ID but should have none %s" % process_info)
def check_process_connections(self, process):
try:
# Limits
MAXIMUM_CONNECTIONS = 20
# Counter
connection_count = 0
# Pid from process
pid = process.ProcessId
name = process.Name
# Get psutil info about the process
try:
p = psutil.Process(pid)
except Exception as e:
if logger.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
return
# print "Checking connections of %s" % process.Name
for x in p.connections():
# Evaluate a usable command line to check
try:
command = process.CommandLine
except Exception:
command = p.cmdline()
if x.status == 'LISTEN':
connection_count += 1
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "Listening process PID: %s NAME: %s COMMAND: %s IP: %s PORT: %s" % (
str(pid), name, command, str(x.laddr[0]), str(x.laddr[1]) ))
if str(x.laddr[1]) == "0":
logger.log("WARNING", "ProcessScan",
"Listening on Port 0 PID: %s NAME: %s COMMAND: %s IP: %s PORT: %s" % (
str(pid), name, command, str(x.laddr[0]), str(x.laddr[1]) ))
if x.status == 'ESTABLISHED':
# Lookup Remote IP
# Geo IP Lookup removed
# Check keyword in remote address
is_match, description = self.check_c2(str(x.raddr[0]))
if is_match:
logger.log("ALERT", "ProcessScan",
"Malware Domain/IP match in remote address PID: %s NAME: %s COMMAND: %s IP: %s PORT: %s DESC: %s" % (
str(pid), name, command, str(x.raddr[0]), str(x.raddr[1]), description))
# Full list
connection_count += 1
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan",
"Established connection PID: %s NAME: %s COMMAND: %s LIP: %s LPORT: %s RIP: %s RPORT: %s" % (
str(pid), name, command, str(x.laddr[0]), str(x.laddr[1]), str(x.raddr[0]), str(x.raddr[1]) ))
# Maximum connection output
if connection_count > MAXIMUM_CONNECTIONS:
logger.log("NOTICE", "ProcessScan", "Connection output threshold reached. Output truncated.")
return
except Exception as e:
if args.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
sys.exit(1)
logger.log("INFO", "ProcessScan",
"Process %s does not exist anymore or cannot be accessed" % str(pid))
def check_rootkit(self):
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Checking for Backdoors ...")
dp = DoublePulsar(ip="127.0.0.1", timeout=None, verbose=args.debug)
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Checking for Double Pulsar RDP Backdoor")
try:
dp_rdp_result, message = dp.check_ip_rdp()
if dp_rdp_result:
logger.log("ALERT", message)
else:
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Double Pulsar RDP check RESULT: %s" % message)
except Exception as e:
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Double Pulsar RDP check failed RESULT: Connection failure")
if args.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Checking for Double Pulsar SMB Backdoor")
try:
dp_smb_result, message = dp.check_ip_smb()
if dp_smb_result:
logger.log("ALERT", message)
else:
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Double Pulsar SMB check RESULT: %s" % message)
except Exception as e:
logger.log("INFO", "Rootkit", "Double Pulsar SMB check failed RESULT: Connection failure")
if args.debug:
traceback.print_exc()
def check_c2(self, remote_system):
# IP - exact match
if is_ip(remote_system):
for c2 in self.c2_server:
# if C2 definition is CIDR network
if is_cidr(c2):
if ip_in_net(remote_system, c2):
return True, self.c2_server[c2]
# if C2 is ip or else
if c2 == remote_system:
return True, self.c2_server[c2]
# Domain - remote system contains c2
# e.g. evildomain.com and dga1.evildomain.com
else:
for c2 in self.c2_server:
if c2 in remote_system:
return True, self.c2_server[c2]
return False,""
def initialize_c2_iocs(self, ioc_directory):
try:
for ioc_filename in os.listdir(ioc_directory):
try:
if 'c2' in ioc_filename:
with codecs.open(os.path.join(ioc_directory, ioc_filename), 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
# Last Comment Line
last_comment = ""
for line in lines:
try:
# Comments and empty lines
if re.search(r'^#', line) or re.search(r'^[\s]*$', line):
last_comment = line.lstrip("#").lstrip(" ").rstrip("\n")
continue
# Split the IOC line
if ";" in line:
line = line.rstrip(" ").rstrip("\n\r")
row = line.split(';')
c2 = row[0]
# LOKI doesn't use the C2 score (only THOR Lite)
# score = row[1]
# Elements without description
else: