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cheribuild.py - A script to build CHERI-related software (requires Python 3.6+)

This script automates all the steps required to build various CHERI-related software. For example cheribuild.py [options] sdk-riscv64-purecap will create an SDK that can be used to compile software as pure-capability code for a CHERI-RISC-V CPU, and cheribuild.py [options] run-riscv64-purecap will start an instance of CheriBSD built as pure-capability code for CHERI-RISC-V in QEMU.

cheribuild.py also allows building software for Arm's adaption of CHERI, the Morello platform, however not all targets are supported yet.

Supported operating systems

cheribuild.py has been tested and should work on FreeBSD 12 and 13. On Linux, Ubuntu 18.04/20.04, Debian 10 and OpenSUSE Tumbleweed are supported. macOS 10.14 and newer is also supported.

Pre-Build Setup

macOS

When building on macOS the following packages are required:

brew install cmake ninja libarchive git glib gnu-sed automake autoconf coreutils llvm make wget pixman pkg-config xz
# Install samba for shared mounts between host and CheriBSD on QEMU
brew install arichardson/cheri/samba
# If you intend to run the morello FVP model you will also need the following:
brew install homebrew/cask/docker homebrew/cask/xquartz socat dtc

Debian/Ubuntu

If you are building CHERI on a Debian/Ubuntu-based machine, please install the following packages:

apt install autoconf automake libtool pkg-config clang bison cmake ninja-build samba flex texinfo libglib2.0-dev libpixman-1-dev libarchive-dev libarchive-tools libbz2-dev libattr1-dev libcap-ng-dev

Older versions of Ubuntu may report errors when trying to install libarchive-tools. In this case try using apt install bsdtar instead.

RHEL/Fedora

If you are building CHERI on a RHEL/Fedora-based machine, please install the following packages:

dnf install libtool clang-devel bison cmake ninja-build samba flex texinfo glib2-devel pixman-devel libarchive-devel bsdtar bzip2-devel libattr-devel libcap-ng-devel expat-devel

Basic usage

If you want to start up a QEMU VM running CheriBSD run cheribuild.py run-riscv64-purecap -d (-d means build all dependencies). If you would like the VM to have all userspace binaries to be built as plain RISC-V binaries instead of CHERI pure-capability ones use cheribuild.py run-riscv64-hybrid -d. This will build the CHERI compiler, QEMU, CheriBSD, create a disk image and boot that in QEMU.

By default cheribuild.py will clone all projects in ~/cheri, use ~/cheri/build for build directories and install into ~/cheri/output. However, these directories are all configurable (see below for details). When building for the first time, cheribuild.py will request user input multiple times, but the --force/-f flag can be used to accept the default.

If you would like to see what the script would do run it with the --pretend or -p option. For even more detail you can also pass --verbose or -v.

It is also possible to run this script on a remote host by using the remote-cheribuild.py script that is included in this repository: remote-cheribuild.py my.remote.server [options] <targets...> will run this script on my.remote.server.

Usage

cheribuild.py [options...] targets...

Example: to build and run a pure-capability CheriBSD for RISC-V: cheribuild.py --include-dependencies run-riscv64-purecap and for a clean verbose build of LLVM cheribuild.py -v --clean llvm

Available Targets

When selecting a target you can also build all the targets that it depends on by passing the --include-dependencies or -d option. However, some targets (e.g. all, sdk-*) will always build their dependencies because running them without building the dependencies does not make sense (see the list of targets for details).

Overview

There are many targets in cheribuild, and they fall into two categories: single targets and multiarch targets. Single targets, such as qemu, sail and install-morello-fvp, are for targets that only apply natively to the host machine. Most targets, however, are multiarch targets. These are always of the form <name>-<architecture>, where <architecture> indicates the architecture to compile/run code for, which will be cross-compiling/emulating for anything other than native. For example, cheribsd-riscv64-purecap will cross-compile CheriBSD for pure-capability CHERI-RISC-V, disk-image-morello-purecap will create a CheriBSD disk image for pure-capability Morello and gdb-native will build a version of CHERI-GDB that runs natively on the host machine and be used to remote debug CHERI-RISC-V and CHERI-MIPS.

Note that the <architecture> in the target says nothing about what it can do, only where it can do it. For example, llvm-native and llvm-riscv64 both exist; the former is a CHERI-LLVM that will run natively on the host and can be used to cross compile for both CHERI-MIPS and CHERI-RISC-V, whilst the latter is a CHERI-LLVM built as a set of RISC-V binaries that will run on CheriBSD itself.

Where there are multiple variants of the source, there are multiple cheribuild targets with different names which, in the case of multiarch targets, means a different <name>. For example, llvm refers to CHERI-LLVM, whereas morello-llvm refers to Arm's fork of CHERI-LLVM adding Morello support, and upstream-llvm refers to upstream's LLVM. Thus, a target of morello-llvm-riscv64 would be Arm's Morello-extended CHERI-LLVM fork built as a RISC-V binary to run on CheriBSD.

The following main targets are available

  • qemu builds and installs CTSRD-CHERI/qemu
  • llvm builds and installs the CTSRD-CHERI/llvm-project toolchain (includes a compiler, linker, and all required binutils).
  • cheribsd-<architecture> builds and installs CTSRD-CHERI/cheribsd and creates a sysroot for cross-compilation.
  • disk-image-<architecture> creates a CheriBSD disk-image.
  • run-<architecture> launches QEMU with the CheriBSD disk image.
  • freestanding-sdk builds everything required to build and run -ffreestanding binaries: compiler, linker and qemu
  • cheribsd-sdk-<architecture> builds everything required to compile binaries for CheriBSD: freestanding-sdk and cheribsd-sysroot
  • sdk-<architecture> is an alias for cheribsd-sdk-<architecture>
  • all-<architecture>: runs all the targets listed so far (run-<architecture> comes last so that you can interact with QEMU)
Supported architectures
  • riscv64: RISC-V without CHERI support
  • riscv64-hybrid: RISC-V with CHERI support: pointers are integers by default but can be annotated with __capability to use CHERI capabilities.
  • riscv64-purecap: pure-capability RISC-V: all pointers are CHERI capabilities.
  • mips64: MIPS without CHERI support
  • mips64-hybrid: MIPS with CHERI support: pointers are integers by default but can be annotated with __capability to use CHERI capabilities.
  • mips64-purecap: pure-capability MIPS: all pointers are CHERI capabilities.
  • aarch64: AArch64 without CHERI support
  • morello-hybrid: AArch64 with CHERI (Morello) support: pointers are integers by default but can be annotated with __capability to use CHERI capabilities.
  • morello-purecap: pure-capability AArch64 (Morello): all pointers are CHERI capabilities.
  • amd64: 64-bit Intel x86.

Most projects (the ones that don't build a full OS, but just a program or library) also support -native configuration that builds for the host. This can be useful to verify that changes made for CHERI have not broken the native builds.

For the cheribsd, disk-image and run targets the hybrid vs purecap distinction applies means that the userspace space (see below for more details).

Other targets

Building the compiler and QEMU

In order to run CheriBSD you will first need to compile QEMU (cheribuild.py qemu). You will also need to build LLVM (this includes a compiler and linker suitable for CHERI) using cheribuild.py llvm. The compiler can generate CHERI code for MIPS (64-bit only) and RISCV (32 and 64-bit). All binaries will by default be installed to ~/cheri/sdk/bin.

Building and running CheriBSD

To build CheriBSD run cheribuild.py cheribsd-<architecture>, with architecture being one of

  • riscv64: Kernel and userspace are RISC-V without CHERI support.
  • riscv64-hybrid: Kernel is RISC-V with CHERI support (hybrid), but most programs built as plain RISC-V.
  • riscv64-purecap: Kernel is RISC-V with CHERI support (hybrid), and all userspace programs built as pure-capability CHERI binaries.
  • mips64: Kernel and userspace are MIPS without CHERI support.
  • mips64-hybrid: Kernel is MIPS with CHERI support (hybrid), but most programs built as plain RISC-V.
  • mips64-purecap: Kernel is MIPS with CHERI support (hybrid), and all userspace programs built as pure-capability CHERI binaries.
  • aarch64: Kernel and userspace are AArch64 without CHERI support.
  • morello-hybrid: Kernel is AArch64 with CHERI (Morello) support (hybrid), but most programs built as plain AArch64.
  • morello-purecap: Kernel is AArch64 with CHERI (Morello) support (hybrid), and all userspace programs built as pure-capability CHERI binaries.
  • amd64: Kernel and userspace are 64-bit Intel x86.

Disk image

The disk image is created by the cheribuild.py disk-image-<architecture> target and can then be used as a boot disk by QEMU.

In order to customize the disk image it will add all files under (by default) ~/cheri/extra-files/ to the resulting image. When building the image cheribuild will ask you whether it should add your SSH public keys to the /root/.ssh/authorized_keys file in the CheriBSD image. It will also generate SSH host keys for the image so that those don't change everytime the image is rebuilt. A suitable /etc/rc.conf and /etc/fstab will also be added to this directory and can then be customized.

The default path for the disk image is ~/cheri/output/cheribsd-<architecture>.img, i.e. cheribsd-riscv64-purecap.img for pure-capability RISC-V or cheribsd-mips64.img for MIPS without CHERI support.

CheriBSD SSH ports

Since cheribuild.py was designed to be run by multiple users on a shared build system, it will tell QEMU to listen on a port on localhost that depends on the user ID to avoid conflicts. It will print a message such as Listening for SSH connections on localhost:12374, i.e. you will need to use ssh -p 12374 root@localhost to connect to CheriBSD. This can be changed using cheribuild.py --run/ssh-forwarding-port <portno> run-<architecture> or be made persistent with the following configuration file (see below for more details on the config file format and path):

{
    "run-riscv64-hybrid": {
        "ssh-forwarding-port": 12345
    },
    "run-riscv64-purecap": {
        "ssh-forwarding-port": 12346
    }
}

Speeding up SSH connections

Connecting to CheriBSD via ssh can take a few seconds. Further connections after the first can be sped up by using the openssh ControlMaster setting:

Host cheribsd-riscv
  User root
  Port 12345
  HostName localhost
  ControlPath ~/.ssh/controlmasters/%r@%h:%p
  ControlMaster auto
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  
Host cheribsd-riscv-purecap
  User root
  Port 12346
  HostName localhost
  ControlPath ~/.ssh/controlmasters/%r@%h:%p
  ControlMaster auto
  StrictHostKeyChecking no

Building GDB

You can also build a version of GDB that understands CHERI capabilities either as a binary for the host (cheribuild.py gdb-native) to debug coredumps or as a gues binary to use for live debugging in CheriBSD (cheribuild.py gdb-mips64-hybrid for MIPS and cheribuild.py gdb-riscv64-hybrid for RISC-V). The guest binary will be installed in usr/local/bin/gdb under your CheriBSD rootfs and will be included when you build a new disk image (cheribuild.py disk-image-<arch>). The native GDB will be installed to your SDK binary directory (~/cheri/sdk/bin by default).

Cross-compiling for CheriBSD

In order to cross-compile projects such as NGINX or PostgreSQL for CheriBSD you will first need a full SDK: cheribuild.py cheribsd-sdk-mips64-purecap. Then you can then run cheribuild.py postgres-mips64-purecap or cheribuild.py nginx-mips64-purecap, etc. By default, these projects will be installed into your CheriBSD rootfs under /opt and will therefore be automatically included the next time you build a disk image.

See cheribuild.py --list-targets for a full list of targets.

Cross-compiling baremetal MIPS/CHERI

There is currently experimental support to build libcxx as a baremetal library running on top of newlib. This can be done by running cheribuild.py libcxx-baremetal -d.

Adapting the build configuration

There are a lot of options to customize the behaviour of this script: e.g. the directory for the cloned sources can be changed from the default of $HOME/cheri using the --source-root= option. A full list of the available options with descriptions can be found towards the end of this document.

The options can also be made persistent by storing them in a JSON config file (~/.config/cheribuild.json). Options passed on the command line will override those read from the config file. The key in the JSON config file is the same as the long option name without the intial --. For example if you want cheribuild.py to behave as if you had passed --source-root /foo/bar/cheri/src --output-root /foo/bar/cheri/output --build-root /build -j 4 --cheribsd/build-options "-DWITHOUT_ZFS FOO=bar", you can write the following JSON to ~/.config/cheribuild.json:

{
  "source-root": "/foo/bar/cheri/src",
  // build-root defaults to <source-root>/build
  "build-root": "/build",
  // output-root defaults to <source-root>/output
  "output-root": "/foo/bar/cheri/output",
  "make-jobs": 4,
  "cheribsd": {
    "build-options": ["-DWITHOUT_ZFS", "FOO=bar"]
  }
}

Prefixed cheribuild.py symlinks to select config file

If you invoke cheribuild.py as a prefixed command (e.g. debug-cheribuild.py, stable-cheribuild.py) it will read the file ~/.config/{prefix}-cheribuild.json instead. This makes it easy to build debug and release builds of e.g. LLVM or build CheriBSD with various different flags.

Including config files

If you have many config files (e.g. cheribsd-stable, -debug, -release, etc.) it is also possible to #include a base config file and only write the settings that are different.

For example a ~/.config/stable-cheribuild.json could look like this:

{
	"build-root": "/build-stable",
	"#include": "cheribuild-common.json",
	"cheribsd": {
		"source-directory": "/my/other/cheribsd/worktree/with/the/stable/branch"
	}
}

Getting shell completion

You will need to install python3-argcomplete:

pip3 install --user argcomplete

# Or install latest version from git:
git clone https://github.com/kislyuk/argcomplete.git
cd argcomplete
python3 setup.py install --user

NOTE: On FreeBSD pip and setuptools are not installed by default, so you need to run python3 -m ensurepip --user first.

BASH

# NOTE: the next command doesn't seem to work on FreeBSD
~/.local/bin/activate-global-python-argcomplete --user
# On FreeBSD (or if the above work for some other reason) do this:
echo 'eval "$(register-python-argcomplete cheribuild.py)"' >> ~/.bashrc

TCSH:

With tcsh add the following line to ~/.cshrc:

eval "`register-python-argcomplete --shell tcsh cheribuild.py`"

Note: python-argcomplete-tcsh must be in $PATH (should be in ~/.local/bin/). I would also suggest using set autolist to display all options.

List of options (--help output)

NOTE: Since there are so many per-project options that are identical between all projects they are not all shown when running --help. To see the full list of options that can be specified, run cheribuild.py --help-all. Since this will generate lots of output it probably makes more sense to run cheribuild.py --help-all | grep <target_name>.

usage: cheribuild.py [-h] [--config-file FILE] [--help-all] [--pretend] [--build] [--test] [--benchmark]
                     [--build-and-test] [--list-targets] [--print-chosen-targets] [--dump-configuration]
                     [--print-targets-only] [--clang-path CLANG_PATH] [--clang++-path CLANG++_PATH]
                     [--clang-cpp-path CLANG_CPP_PATH] [--pass-k-to-make] [--with-libstatcounters] [--skip-world]
                     [--skip-kernel] [--freebsd-subdir SUBDIRS] [--buildenv] [--libcompat-buildenv] [--debug-output]
                     [--mips-float-abi {soft,hard}] [--cross-compile-linkage {default,dynamic,static}]
                     [--subobject-bounds {conservative,subobject-safe,aggressive,very-aggressive,everywhere-unsafe}]
                     [--no-subobject-debug] [--no-clang-colour-diags] [--use-sdk-clang-for-native-xbuild]
                     [--configure-only] [--skip-install] [--skip-build] [--skip-sdk] [--trap-on-unrepresentable]
                     [--qemu-gdb-break-on-cheri-trap]
                     [--qemu-gdb-debug-userspace-program QEMU_GDB_DEBUG_USERSPACE_PROGRAM] [--docker]
                     [--docker-container DOCKER_CONTAINER] [--docker-reuse-container] [--compilation-db]
                     [--wait-for-debugger] [--debugger-in-tmux-pane] [--no-gdb-random-port] [--run-under-gdb]
                     [--test-ssh-key TEST_SSH_KEY] [--use-minimal-benchmark-kernel] [--test-extra-args ARGS]
                     [--interact-after-tests] [--test-environment-only] [--test-ld-preload TEST_LD_PRELOAD]
                     [--benchmark-fpga-extra-args ARGS] [--benchmark-clean-boot] [--benchmark-extra-args ARGS]
                     [--benchmark-ssh-host BENCHMARK_SSH_HOST] [--benchmark-csv-suffix BENCHMARK_CSV_SUFFIX]
                     [--benchmark-ld-preload BENCHMARK_LD_PRELOAD] [--benchmark-with-debug-kernel]
                     [--benchmark-lazy-binding] [--benchmark-iterations BENCHMARK_ITERATIONS] [--benchmark-with-qemu]
                     [--no-shallow-clone] [--beri-fpga-env-setup-script BERI_FPGA_ENV_SETUP_SCRIPT]
                     [--arm-none-eabi-prefix ARM_NONE_EABI_PREFIX] [--build-morello-firmware-from-source]
                     [--list-kernels] [--get-config-option KEY] [--quiet] [--verbose] [--clean] [--force] [--logfile]
                     [--skip-update] [--confirm-clone] [--force-update  --skip-configure | --reconfigure]
                     [--include-dependencies] [--no-include-toolchain-dependencies] [--compilation-db-in-source-dir]
                     [--generate-cmakelists] [--make-without-nice] [--make-jobs MAKE_JOBS] [--source-root SOURCE_ROOT]
                     [--output-root OUTPUT_ROOT] [--build-root BUILD_ROOT] [--tools-root TOOLS_ROOT]
                     [--morello-sdk-root MORELLO_SDK_ROOT] [--sysroot-install-root SYSROOT_INSTALL_ROOT]
                     [--upstream-qemu/targets UPSTREAM_QEMU/TARGETS] [--qemu/targets QEMU/TARGETS] [--qemu/statistics]
                     [--run-rtems/ephemeral] [--cheri-syzkaller/run-sysgen]
                     [--run-syzkaller/syz-config RUN_SYZKALLER/SYZ_CONFIG]
                     [--run-syzkaller/ssh-privkey syzkaller_id_rsa] [--run-syzkaller/workdir DIR]
                     [--freebsd/build-options OPTIONS] [--freebsd/no-build-tests] [--freebsd/no-debug-info]
                     [--freebsd/subdir SUBDIRS] [--cheribsd/build-options OPTIONS] [--cheribsd/no-build-tests]
                     [--cheribsd/no-debug-info] [--cheribsd/subdir SUBDIRS] [--cheribsd/build-fpga-kernels]
                     [--cheribsd/default-kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}] [--cheribsd/build-alternate-abi-kernels]
                     [--cheribsd/build-bench-kernels] [--cheribsd/caprevoke-kernel]
                     [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-options OPTIONS] [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/no-debug-info]
                     [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-fpga-kernels]
                     [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/default-kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}]
                     [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-alternate-abi-kernels]
                     [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-bench-kernels] [--cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/caprevoke-kernel]
                     [--cheribsd-sysroot/remote-sdk-path PATH] [--disk-image-minimal/extra-files DIR]
                     [--disk-image-minimal/path IMGPATH] [--disk-image-mfs-root/extra-files DIR]
                     [--disk-image-mfs-root/path IMGPATH] [--disk-image/extra-files DIR] [--disk-image/path IMGPATH]
                     [--disk-image-freebsd/extra-files DIR] [--disk-image-freebsd/path IMGPATH] [--freertos/demo DEMO]
                     [--freertos/prog PROG] [--freertos/bsp BSP] [--run/ssh-forwarding-port PORT] [--run/ephemeral]
                     [--run/remote-kernel-path RUN/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH] [--run/alternative-kernel RUN/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL]
                     [--run/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}] [--run-freertos/ephemeral] [--run-freertos/demo DEMO]
                     [--run-freertos/prog PROG] [--run-freertos/bsp BSP] [--run-minimal/ssh-forwarding-port PORT]
                     [--run-minimal/ephemeral] [--run-minimal/remote-kernel-path RUN_MINIMAL/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH]
                     [--run-minimal/alternative-kernel RUN_MINIMAL/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL]
                     [--run-minimal/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}] [--run-mfs-root/ssh-forwarding-port PORT]
                     [--run-mfs-root/ephemeral] [--run-mfs-root/remote-kernel-path RUN_MFS_ROOT/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH]
                     [--run-mfs-root/alternative-kernel RUN_MFS_ROOT/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL]
                     [--run-mfs-root/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}] [--bash/set-as-root-shell]
                     [--qtbase-dev/no-build-tests] [--qtbase-dev/build-examples] [--qtbase-dev/no-assertions]
                     [--qtbase-dev/no-minimal] [--qtwebkit/build-jsc-only]
                     [--morello-webkit/backend {cloop,tier1asm,tier2asm}] [--morello-webkit/no-tier2ptrliterals]
                     [--morello-webkit/jsheapoffsets]
                     [TARGET ...]

positional arguments:
  TARGET                The targets to build

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --help-all, --help-hidden
                        Show all help options, including the target-specific ones.
  --pretend, -p         Only print the commands instead of running them (default: 'False')
  --pass-k-to-make, -k  Pass the -k flag to make to continue after the first error (default: 'False')
  --debug-output, -vv   Extremely verbose output (default: 'False')
  --no-clang-colour-diags
                        Do not force CHERI clang to emit coloured diagnostics
  --configure-only      Only run the configure step (skip build and install) (default: 'False')
  --skip-install        Skip the install step (only do the build) (default: 'False')
  --skip-build          Skip the build step (only do the install) (default: 'False')
  --compilation-db, --cdb
                        Create a compile_commands.json file in the build dir (requires Bear for non-CMake projects)
                        (default: 'False')
  --no-shallow-clone    Do not perform a shallow `git clone` when cloning new projects. This can save a lot of time for
                        largerepositories such as FreeBSD or LLVM. Use `git fetch --unshallow` to convert to a non-
                        shallow clone
  --build-morello-firmware-from-source
                        Build the firmware from source instead of downloading the latest release. (default: 'False')
  --quiet, -q           Don't show stdout of the commands that are executed (default: 'False')
  --verbose, -v         Print all commmands that are executed (default: 'False')
  --clean, -c           Remove the build directory before build (default: 'False')
  --force, -f           Don't prompt for user input but use the default action (default: 'False')
  --logfile             Write a logfile for the build steps (default: 'False')
  --skip-update         Skip the git pull step (default: 'False')
  --confirm-clone       Ask for confirmation before cloning repositories. (default: 'False')
  --force-update        Always update (with autostash) even if there are uncommitted changes (default: 'False')
  --skip-configure      Skip the configure step (default: 'False')
  --reconfigure, --force-configure
                        Always run the configure step, even for CMake projects with a valid cache. (default: 'False')
  --compilation-db-in-source-dir
                        Generate a compile_commands.json and also copy it to the source directory (default: 'False')
  --generate-cmakelists
                        Generate a CMakeLists.txt that just calls cheribuild. Useful for IDEs that only support CMake
                        (default: 'False')
  --make-without-nice   Run make/ninja without nice(1) (default: 'False')
  --make-jobs MAKE_JOBS, -j MAKE_JOBS
                        Number of jobs to use for compiling (default: '<system-dependent>')

Actions to be performed:
  --build               Run (usually build+install) chosen targets (default)
  --test, --run-tests   Run tests for the passed targets instead of building them
  --benchmark           Run tests for the passed targets instead of building them
  --build-and-test      Run chosen targets and then run any tests afterwards
  --list-targets        List all available targets and exit
  --print-chosen-targets
                        List all the targets that would be built
  --dump-configuration  Print the current configuration as JSON. This can be saved to ~/.config/cheribuild.json to make
                        it persistent
  --print-targets-only  Don't run the build but instead only print the targets that would be executed (default: 'False')
  --list-kernels        List available kernel configs to run and exit (default: 'False')
  --get-config-option KEY
                        Print the value of config option KEY and exit

Selecting which dependencies are built:
  --skip-sdk            When building with --include-dependencies ignore the SDK dependencies. Saves a lot of time when
                        building libc++, etc. with dependencies but the sdk is already up-to-date. This is like --no-
                        include-toolchain-depedencies but also skips the target that builds the sysroot. (default:
                        'False')
  --include-dependencies, -d
                        Also build the dependencies of targets passed on the command line. Targets passed on the command
                        line will be reordered and processed in an order that ensures dependencies are built before the
                        real target. (run --list-targets for more information). By default this does not build toolchain
                        targets such as LLVM. Pass --include-toolchain-dependencies to also build those. (default:
                        'False')
  --no-include-toolchain-dependencies
                        Do not include toolchain targets such as LLVM and QEMU when --include-dependencies is set.

Configuration of default paths:
  --config-file FILE    The config file that is used to load the default settings (default:
                        '$HOME/.config/cheribuild.json')
  --clang-path CLANG_PATH, --cc-path CLANG_PATH
                        The C compiler to use for host binaries (must be compatible with Clang >= 3.7)
  --clang++-path CLANG++_PATH, --c++-path CLANG++_PATH
                        The C++ compiler to use for host binaries (must be compatible with Clang >= 3.7)
  --clang-cpp-path CLANG_CPP_PATH, --cpp-path CLANG_CPP_PATH
                        The C preprocessor to use for host binaries (must be compatible with Clang >= 3.7)
  --beri-fpga-env-setup-script BERI_FPGA_ENV_SETUP_SCRIPT
                        Custom script to source to setup PATH and quartus, default to using cheri-cpu/cheri/setup.sh
  --arm-none-eabi-prefix ARM_NONE_EABI_PREFIX
                        Prefix for arm-none-eabi-gcc binaries (e.g. /usr/bin/arm-none-eabi-). Available
                        athttps://developer.arm.com/tools-and-software/open-source-software/developer-tools/gnu-
                        toolchain/gnu-rm/downloads (default: '')
  --source-root SOURCE_ROOT
                        The directory to store all sources (default: '$HOME/cheri')
  --output-root OUTPUT_ROOT
                        The directory to store all output (default: '<SOURCE_ROOT>/output')
  --build-root BUILD_ROOT
                        The directory for all the builds (default: '<SOURCE_ROOT>/build')
  --tools-root TOOLS_ROOT
                        The directory to find sdk and bootstrap tools (default: '<OUTPUT_ROOT>')
  --morello-sdk-root MORELLO_SDK_ROOT
                        The directory to find/install the Morello SDK (default: ''<TOOLS_ROOT>/morello-sdk'')
  --sysroot-install-root SYSROOT_INSTALL_ROOT, --sysroot-install-dir SYSROOT_INSTALL_ROOT
                        Sysroot prefix (default: '<TOOLS_ROOT>')

Adjust flags used when compiling MIPS/CHERI projects:
  --with-libstatcounters
                        Link cross compiled CHERI project with libstatcounters. (default: 'False')
  --mips-float-abi {soft,hard}
                        The floating point ABI to use for building MIPS+CHERI programs (default: 'soft')
  --cross-compile-linkage {default,dynamic,static}
                        Whether to link cross-compile projects static or dynamic by default (default: 'default')
  --subobject-bounds {conservative,subobject-safe,aggressive,very-aggressive,everywhere-unsafe}
                        Whether to add additional CSetBounds to subobject references/&-operator
  --no-subobject-debug  Do not clear software permission bit 2 when subobject bounds reduced size (Note: this should be
                        turned off for benchmarks!)
  --use-sdk-clang-for-native-xbuild
                        Compile cross-compile project with CHERI clang from the SDK instead of host compiler (default:
                        'False')

Configuration for running tests:
  --test-ssh-key TEST_SSH_KEY
                        The SSH key to used to connect to the QEMU instance when running tests on CheriBSD (default:
                        '$HOME/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub')
  --use-minimal-benchmark-kernel
                        Use a CHERI BENCHMARK version of the cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel (without INVARIATES) for the run-
                        minimal target and for tests. This can speed up longer running tests. This is the default for
                        PostgreSQL and libc++ tests (passing use-minimal-benchmark-kernel can force these tests to use
                        an INVARIANTS kernel). (default: 'False')
  --test-extra-args ARGS
                        Additional flags to pass to the test script in --test
  --interact-after-tests
                        Interact with the CheriBSD instance after running the tests on QEMU (only for --test) (default:
                        'False')
  --test-environment-only
                        Don't actually run the tests. Instead setup a QEMU instance with the right paths set up.
                        (default: 'False')
  --test-ld-preload TEST_LD_PRELOAD
                        Preload the given library before running tests

Configuration for running benchmarks:
  --benchmark-fpga-extra-args ARGS
                        Extra options for beri-fpga-bsd-boot.py
  --benchmark-clean-boot
                        Reboot the FPGA with a new bitfile and kernel before running benchmarks. If not set, assume the
                        FPGA is running. (default: 'False')
  --benchmark-extra-args ARGS
                        Additional flags to pass to the beri-fpga-bsd-boot.py script in --benchmark
  --benchmark-ssh-host BENCHMARK_SSH_HOST
                        The SSH hostname/IP for the benchmark FPGA (default: 'cheri-fpga')
  --benchmark-csv-suffix BENCHMARK_CSV_SUFFIX
                        Add a custom suffix for the statcounters CSV.
  --benchmark-ld-preload BENCHMARK_LD_PRELOAD
                        Preload the given library before running benchmarks
  --benchmark-with-debug-kernel
                        Run the benchmark with a kernel that has assertions enabled. (default: 'False')
  --benchmark-lazy-binding
                        Run the benchmark without setting LD_BIND_NOW. (default: 'False')
  --benchmark-iterations BENCHMARK_ITERATIONS
                        Override the number of iterations for the benchmark. Note: not all benchmarks support this
                        option
  --benchmark-with-qemu
                        Run the benchmarks on QEMU instead of the FPGA (only useful to collect instruction counts or
                        test the benchmarks) (default: 'False')

Configuration for launching QEMU (and other simulators):
  --trap-on-unrepresentable
                        Raise a CHERI exception when capabilities become unreprestable instead of detagging. Useful for
                        debugging, but deviates from the spec, and therefore off by default. (default: 'False')
  --qemu-gdb-break-on-cheri-trap
                        Drop into GDB attached to QEMU when a CHERI exception is triggered (QEMU only). (default:
                        'False')
  --qemu-gdb-debug-userspace-program QEMU_GDB_DEBUG_USERSPACE_PROGRAM
                        Print the command to debug the following userspace program in GDB attaced to QEMU
  --wait-for-debugger   Start QEMU in the 'wait for a debugger' state whenlaunching CheriBSD,FreeBSD, etc. (default:
                        'False')
  --debugger-in-tmux-pane
                        Start Qemu and gdb in another tmux split (default: 'False')
  --no-gdb-random-port  Do not wait for gdb using a random port
  --run-under-gdb       Run tests/benchmarks under GDB. Note: currently most targets ignore this flag. (default:
                        'False')

FreeBSD and CheriBSD build configuration:
  --skip-world, --skip-buildworld
                        Skip the buildworld-related steps when building FreeBSD or CheriBSD (default: 'False')
  --skip-kernel, --skip-buildkernel
                        Skip the buildkernel step when building FreeBSD or CheriBSD (default: 'False')
  --freebsd-subdir SUBDIRS, --subdir SUBDIRS
                        Only build subdirs SUBDIRS of FreeBSD/CheriBSD instead of the full tree. Useful for quickly
                        rebuilding individual programs/libraries. If more than one dir is passed they will be processed
                        in order. Note: This will break if not all dependencies have been built.
  --buildenv            Open a shell with the right environment for building the project. Currently only works for
                        FreeBSD/CheriBSD (default: 'False')
  --libcompat-buildenv, --libcheri-buildenv
                        Open a shell with the right environment for building compat libraries. (default: 'False')

Options controlling the use of docker for building:
  --docker              Run the build inside a docker container (default: 'False')
  --docker-container DOCKER_CONTAINER
                        Name of the docker container to use (default: 'cheribuild-test')
  --docker-reuse-container
                        Attach to the same container again (note: docker-container option must be an id rather than a
                        container name (default: 'False')

Options for target 'upstream-qemu':
  --upstream-qemu/targets UPSTREAM_QEMU/TARGETS
                        Build QEMU for the following targets (default:
                        'mips64-softmmu,riscv64-softmmu,riscv32-softmmu,x86_64-softmmu,aarch64-softmmu')

Options for target 'qemu':
  --qemu/targets QEMU/TARGETS
                        Build QEMU for the following targets (default:
                        'mips64-softmmu,mips64cheri128-softmmu,riscv64-softmmu,riscv64cheri-
                        softmmu,riscv32-softmmu,riscv32cheri-softmmu,x86_64-softmmu,aarch64-softmmu')
  --qemu/statistics     Collect statistics on out-of-bounds capability creation. (default: 'False')

Options for target 'run-rtems':
  --run-rtems/ephemeral
                        Run qemu in 'snapshot' mode, changes to the disk image are non-persistent (default: 'False')

Options for target 'cheri-syzkaller':
  --cheri-syzkaller/run-sysgen
                        Rerun syz-extract and syz-sysgen to rebuild generated Go syscall descriptions. (default:
                        'False')

Options for target 'run-syzkaller':
  --run-syzkaller/syz-config RUN_SYZKALLER/SYZ_CONFIG
                        Path to the syzkaller configuration file to use.
  --run-syzkaller/ssh-privkey syzkaller_id_rsa
                        A directory with additional files that will be added to the image (default: '$SOURCE_ROOT/extra-
                        files/syzkaller_id_rsa')
  --run-syzkaller/workdir DIR
                        Working directory for syzkaller output.

Options for target 'freebsd':
  --freebsd/build-options OPTIONS
                        Additional make options to be passed to make when building FreeBSD/CheriBSD. See `man src.conf`
                        for more info. (default: '[]')
  --freebsd/no-build-tests
                        Do not build the tests (-DWITH_TESTS/-DWITHOUT_TESTS)
  --freebsd/no-debug-info
                        Do not pass make flags for building with debug info
  --freebsd/subdir SUBDIRS
                        Only build subdirs SUBDIRS instead of the full tree. Useful for quickly rebuilding individual
                        programs/libraries. If more than one dir is passed, they will be processed in order. Note: This
                        will break if not all dependencies have been built. (default: 'the value of the global
                        --freebsd-subdir options')

Options for target 'cheribsd':
  --cheribsd/build-options OPTIONS
                        Additional make options to be passed to make when building FreeBSD/CheriBSD. See `man src.conf`
                        for more info. (default: '[]')
  --cheribsd/no-build-tests
                        Do not build the tests (-DWITH_TESTS/-DWITHOUT_TESTS)
  --cheribsd/no-debug-info
                        Do not pass make flags for building with debug info
  --cheribsd/subdir SUBDIRS
                        Only build subdirs SUBDIRS instead of the full tree. Useful for quickly rebuilding individual
                        programs/libraries. If more than one dir is passed, they will be processed in order. Note: This
                        will break if not all dependencies have been built. (default: 'the value of the global
                        --freebsd-subdir options')
  --cheribsd/build-fpga-kernels
                        Also build kernels for the FPGA. (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd/default-kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}
                        Select default kernel to build (default: 'hybrid')
  --cheribsd/build-alternate-abi-kernels
                        Also build kernels with non-default ABI (purecap or hybrid) (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd/build-bench-kernels
                        Also build benchmark kernels (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd/caprevoke-kernel
                        Build kernel with caprevoke support (experimental) (default: 'False')

Options for target 'cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel':
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-options OPTIONS
                        Additional make options to be passed to make when building FreeBSD/CheriBSD. See `man src.conf`
                        for more info. (default: '[]')
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/no-debug-info
                        Do not pass make flags for building with debug info
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-fpga-kernels
                        Also build kernels for the FPGA. (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/default-kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}
                        Select default kernel to build (default: 'hybrid')
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-alternate-abi-kernels
                        Also build kernels with non-default ABI (purecap or hybrid) (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/build-bench-kernels
                        Also build benchmark kernels (default: 'False')
  --cheribsd-mfs-root-kernel/caprevoke-kernel
                        Build kernel with caprevoke support (experimental) (default: 'False')

Options for target 'cheribsd-sysroot':
  --cheribsd-sysroot/remote-sdk-path PATH
                        The path to the CHERI SDK on the remote FreeBSD machine (e.g. vica:~foo/cheri/output/sdk)

Options for target 'disk-image-minimal':
  --disk-image-minimal/extra-files DIR
                        A directory with additional files that will be added to the image (default: '$SOURCE_ROOT/extra-
                        files-minimal')
  --disk-image-minimal/path IMGPATH
                        The output path for the QEMU disk image (default: '$OUTPUT_ROOT/cheribsd-
                        minimal-<TARGET>-disk.img depending on architecture')

Options for target 'disk-image-mfs-root':
  --disk-image-mfs-root/extra-files DIR
                        A directory with additional files that will be added to the image (default: '$SOURCE_ROOT/extra-
                        files-minimal')
  --disk-image-mfs-root/path IMGPATH
                        The output path for the QEMU disk image (default: '$OUTPUT_ROOT/cheribsd-mfs-
                        root-<TARGET>-disk.img depending on architecture')

Options for target 'disk-image':
  --disk-image/extra-files DIR
                        A directory with additional files that will be added to the image (default: '$SOURCE_ROOT/extra-
                        files')
  --disk-image/path IMGPATH
                        The output path for the QEMU disk image (default: '$OUTPUT_ROOT/cheribsd-<TARGET>-disk.img
                        depending on architecture')

Options for target 'disk-image-freebsd':
  --disk-image-freebsd/extra-files DIR
                        A directory with additional files that will be added to the image (default: '$SOURCE_ROOT/extra-
                        files')
  --disk-image-freebsd/path IMGPATH
                        The output path for the QEMU disk image (default: '$OUTPUT_ROOT/freebsd-<TARGET>-disk.img
                        depending on architecture')

Options for target 'freertos':
  --freertos/demo DEMO  The FreeRTOS Demo build. (default: 'RISC-V-Generic')
  --freertos/prog PROG  The FreeRTOS program to build. (default: 'main_blinky')
  --freertos/bsp BSP    The FreeRTOS BSP to build. This is only valid for the paramterized RISC-V-Generic. The BSP
                        option chooses platform, RISC-V arch and RISC-V abi in the $platform-$arch-$abi format. See
                        RISC-V-Generic/README for more details (default: 'target-dependent default')

Options for target 'run':
  --run/ssh-forwarding-port PORT
                        The port on localhost to forward to the QEMU ssh port. You can then use `ssh root@localhost -p
                        $PORT` to connect to the VM (default: '<UID-dependent>')
  --run/ephemeral       Run qemu in 'snapshot' mode, changes to the disk image are non-persistent (default: 'False')
  --run/remote-kernel-path RUN/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH
                        When set rsync will be used to update the kernel image from a remote host before launching QEMU.
                        Useful when building and running on separate machines.
  --run/alternative-kernel RUN/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL
                        Select the kernel to run by specifying the kernel build configuration name.The list of available
                        kernel configurations is given by --list-kernels
  --run/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}
                        Select extra kernel variant with the given ABI to run.

Options for target 'run-freertos':
  --run-freertos/ephemeral
                        Run qemu in 'snapshot' mode, changes to the disk image are non-persistent (default: 'False')
  --run-freertos/demo DEMO
                        The FreeRTOS Demo to run. (default: 'RISC-V-Generic')
  --run-freertos/prog PROG
                        The FreeRTOS program to run. (default: 'main_blinky')
  --run-freertos/bsp BSP
                        The FreeRTOS BSP to run. This is only valid for the paramterized RISC-V-Generic. The BSP option
                        chooses platform, RISC-V arch and RISC-V abi in the $platform-$arch-$abi format. See RISC-V-
                        Generic/README for more details (default: 'target-dependent default')

Options for target 'run-minimal':
  --run-minimal/ssh-forwarding-port PORT
                        The port on localhost to forward to the QEMU ssh port. You can then use `ssh root@localhost -p
                        $PORT` to connect to the VM (default: '<UID-dependent>')
  --run-minimal/ephemeral
                        Run qemu in 'snapshot' mode, changes to the disk image are non-persistent (default: 'False')
  --run-minimal/remote-kernel-path RUN_MINIMAL/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH
                        When set rsync will be used to update the kernel image from a remote host before launching QEMU.
                        Useful when building and running on separate machines.
  --run-minimal/alternative-kernel RUN_MINIMAL/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL
                        Select the kernel to run by specifying the kernel build configuration name.The list of available
                        kernel configurations is given by --list-kernels
  --run-minimal/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}
                        Select extra kernel variant with the given ABI to run.

Options for target 'run-mfs-root':
  --run-mfs-root/ssh-forwarding-port PORT
                        The port on localhost to forward to the QEMU ssh port. You can then use `ssh root@localhost -p
                        $PORT` to connect to the VM (default: '<UID-dependent>')
  --run-mfs-root/ephemeral
                        Run qemu in 'snapshot' mode, changes to the disk image are non-persistent (default: 'False')
  --run-mfs-root/remote-kernel-path RUN_MFS_ROOT/REMOTE_KERNEL_PATH
                        When set rsync will be used to update the kernel image from a remote host before launching QEMU.
                        Useful when building and running on separate machines.
  --run-mfs-root/alternative-kernel RUN_MFS_ROOT/ALTERNATIVE_KERNEL
                        Select the kernel to run by specifying the kernel build configuration name.The list of available
                        kernel configurations is given by --list-kernels
  --run-mfs-root/kernel-abi {hybrid,purecap}
                        Select extra kernel variant with the given ABI to run.

Options for target 'bash':
  --bash/set-as-root-shell
                        Set root's shell to bash (in the target rootfs) (default: 'False')

Options for target 'qtbase-dev':
  --qtbase-dev/no-build-tests
                        Do not build the Qt unit tests
  --qtbase-dev/build-examples
                        build the Qt examples (default: 'False')
  --qtbase-dev/no-assertions
                        Do not include assertions
  --qtbase-dev/no-minimal
                        Do not don't build QtWidgets or QtGui, etc

Options for target 'qtwebkit':
  --qtwebkit/build-jsc-only
                        only build the JavaScript interpreter executable (default: 'False')

Options for target 'morello-webkit':
  --morello-webkit/backend {cloop,tier1asm,tier2asm}
                        The JavaScript backend to use for building WebKit (default: 'cloop')
  --morello-webkit/no-tier2ptrliterals
                        Do not when true pointers are represented as atomic literals and loaded as data and when false
                        pointers are represented as numeric values which can be splitted and are encoded into
                        instructions. This option only affects the non-purecap tier2 backend.
  --morello-webkit/jsheapoffsets
                        Use offsets into the JS heap for object references instead of capabilities. This option only
                        affects the purecap backends. (default: 'False')