Guia de Pandas.ipynb

{
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 0,
  "metadata": {
    "colab": {
      "provenance": []
    },
    "kernelspec": {
      "name": "python3",
      "display_name": "Python 3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "name": "python"
    }
  },
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "#Importação do Pandas e dos dados"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Ww7P237M8mMV"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Importando a biblioteca pandas e dando o apelido de pd\n",
        "\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "from urllib.request import urlretrieve\n",
        "import os"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rj2XEgw7f-MH"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Q2tfNCqieC4v",
        "outputId": "cc82f434-7155-4199-a3f9-b75eed377f68"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "('italy-covid.csv', <http.client.HTTPMessage at 0x7fe4c2fbc550>)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 12
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "#Importando a base de dados CSV de um link em uma url e colocá-la em um novo arquivo de nome 'italy-covid.csv'\n",
        "\n",
        "italy_covid_url = 'https://gist.githubusercontent.com/aakashns/f6a004fa20c84fec53262f9a8bfee775/raw/f309558b1cf5103424cef58e2ecb8704dcd4d74c/italy-covid-daywise.csv'\n",
        "urlretrieve(italy_covid_url, 'italy-covid.csv')"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Colocando o arquivo CSV como um dataframe do Pandas na variável covid_df usando a função pd.read_csv('nome_arquivo')\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df = pd.read_csv('italy-covid.csv')\n",
        "\n",
        "#Informações sobre o dataframe\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df.info() #contagem de elementos, tipo, coluna\n",
        "type(covid_df) #mostra que a variável contém um tipo dataframe"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4YghIt9IgPKX",
        "outputId": "ddcf90ef-012e-4c0d-a52b-eb2584a6851d"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
            "RangeIndex: 248 entries, 0 to 247\n",
            "Data columns (total 4 columns):\n",
            " #   Column      Non-Null Count  Dtype  \n",
            "---  ------      --------------  -----  \n",
            " 0   date        248 non-null    object \n",
            " 1   new_cases   248 non-null    float64\n",
            " 2   new_deaths  248 non-null    float64\n",
            " 3   new_tests   135 non-null    float64\n",
            "dtypes: float64(3), object(1)\n",
            "memory usage: 7.9+ KB\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "pandas.core.frame.DataFrame"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 23
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df.columns #Mostra a lista de colunas, sendo do tipo Index"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "teoQmZPPk9Ni",
        "outputId": "07d79db8-c3dd-4c52-bf5e-49bfced92ea4"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Index(['date', 'new_cases', 'new_deaths', 'new_tests'], dtype='object')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df.describe() # Mostra um DF com descrição estatística"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 300
        },
        "id": "30wNGftylDZ-",
        "outputId": "e5ca8cca-2b72-4a2c-f96d-e34afa132239"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "         new_cases  new_deaths     new_tests\n",
              "count   248.000000  248.000000    135.000000\n",
              "mean   1094.818548  143.133065  31699.674074\n",
              "std    1554.508002  227.105538  11622.209757\n",
              "min    -148.000000  -31.000000   7841.000000\n",
              "25%     123.000000    3.000000  25259.000000\n",
              "50%     342.000000   17.000000  29545.000000\n",
              "75%    1371.750000  175.250000  37711.000000\n",
              "max    6557.000000  971.000000  95273.000000"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-a4ad0e90-77fc-4e3e-ad7a-b133cdcfcb2f\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>count</th>\n",
              "      <td>248.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>248.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>135.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>mean</th>\n",
              "      <td>1094.818548</td>\n",
              "      <td>143.133065</td>\n",
              "      <td>31699.674074</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>std</th>\n",
              "      <td>1554.508002</td>\n",
              "      <td>227.105538</td>\n",
              "      <td>11622.209757</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>min</th>\n",
              "      <td>-148.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>-31.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>7841.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>25%</th>\n",
              "      <td>123.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>25259.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>50%</th>\n",
              "      <td>342.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>29545.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>75%</th>\n",
              "      <td>1371.750000</td>\n",
              "      <td>175.250000</td>\n",
              "      <td>37711.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>max</th>\n",
              "      <td>6557.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>971.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>95273.000000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-a4ad0e90-77fc-4e3e-ad7a-b133cdcfcb2f')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-a4ad0e90-77fc-4e3e-ad7a-b133cdcfcb2f button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-a4ad0e90-77fc-4e3e-ad7a-b133cdcfcb2f');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df.shape #formato do dataframe"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "uBcB3GHSlNRO",
        "outputId": "88ca6b0f-7479-4b16-c42c-6b83d496591b"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(248, 4)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 16
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df #Como mostrar dataframe"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "2VqYg85PhMNZ",
        "outputId": "531c7472-d84b-4506-c912-ed0eda4bb5cb"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "0    2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "1    2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "2    2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "3    2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "4    2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "..          ...        ...         ...        ...\n",
              "243  2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0\n",
              "244  2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0\n",
              "245  2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0\n",
              "246  2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN\n",
              "247  2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN\n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 4 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-230cf975-fd07-4cad-ab3e-d17309ca4911\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 4 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-230cf975-fd07-4cad-ab3e-d17309ca4911')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-230cf975-fd07-4cad-ab3e-d17309ca4911 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-230cf975-fd07-4cad-ab3e-d17309ca4911');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 65
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Mostrando uma amostra randômica de 8 linhas da coluna usando sample\n",
        "covid_df.sample(8)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 300
        },
        "id": "ymNsMy2jstde",
        "outputId": "479ad5d7-ce1f-46b0-abed-54884f83d758"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "179  2020-06-27      255.0        30.0    29721.0\n",
              "239  2020-08-26      876.0         4.0    58054.0\n",
              "216  2020-08-03      238.0         8.0    13467.0\n",
              "38   2020-02-07        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "1    2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "185  2020-07-03      201.0        30.0    25680.0\n",
              "212  2020-07-30      288.0         6.0    33396.0\n",
              "39   2020-02-08        0.0         0.0        NaN"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-98f9cd52-8948-4666-915a-e4d56ba08fd0\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>179</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-06-27</td>\n",
              "      <td>255.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29721.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>239</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-26</td>\n",
              "      <td>876.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>58054.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>216</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>238.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13467.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>38</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-07</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>185</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-07-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>201.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25680.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>212</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-07-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>288.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33396.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>39</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-08</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-98f9cd52-8948-4666-915a-e4d56ba08fd0')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-98f9cd52-8948-4666-915a-e4d56ba08fd0 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-98f9cd52-8948-4666-915a-e4d56ba08fd0');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 31
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df['new_deaths'] #Selecionando uma coluna do df, também pode ser acessada por: covid_df.new_deaths (nomes de coluna com espaço não podem ser acessadas com esse último método)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "D1slzcy6kfpA",
        "outputId": "066029c5-5654-4573-dabe-4385688c900f"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0      0.0\n",
              "1      0.0\n",
              "2      0.0\n",
              "3      0.0\n",
              "4      0.0\n",
              "      ... \n",
              "243    1.0\n",
              "244    4.0\n",
              "245    6.0\n",
              "246    8.0\n",
              "247    6.0\n",
              "Name: new_deaths, Length: 248, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df['new_cases'][150] #Usando índices duplos para pegar o valor da linha 150 da coluna 'new_cases'"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "OkOwYIVqlZjA",
        "outputId": "9678c735-cfe2-40f4-b41d-405881b214ab"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "593.0"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 17
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df.new_cases #Outra forma de mostrar a coluna new_cases"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "c9MvmPLMlsYi",
        "outputId": "fc2ee2cc-c7d3-46a3-a670-25594c1f652a"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0         0.0\n",
              "1         0.0\n",
              "2         0.0\n",
              "3         0.0\n",
              "4         0.0\n",
              "        ...  \n",
              "243    1444.0\n",
              "244    1365.0\n",
              "245     996.0\n",
              "246     975.0\n",
              "247    1326.0\n",
              "Name: new_cases, Length: 248, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 18
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df.at[150, 'new_cases'] #Usando at para entrar na linha e coluna de interesse"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "yXA6lsWCl5CY",
        "outputId": "c4849e92-f1ff-458b-ff07-e7f54cffde07"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "593.0"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 21
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Se quero mostrar apenas a tabela de 'new_cases' e 'new_deaths':\n",
        "covid_df[['new_cases', 'new_deaths']] #Colchete duplo!"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "pzghlEDvm3Tm",
        "outputId": "2886363e-7bcc-4ff0-af83-59a8e3fa371a"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     new_cases  new_deaths\n",
              "0          0.0         0.0\n",
              "1          0.0         0.0\n",
              "2          0.0         0.0\n",
              "3          0.0         0.0\n",
              "4          0.0         0.0\n",
              "..         ...         ...\n",
              "243     1444.0         1.0\n",
              "244     1365.0         4.0\n",
              "245      996.0         6.0\n",
              "246      975.0         8.0\n",
              "247     1326.0         6.0\n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 2 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-5783989b-a3ea-44e8-804f-b218f6e51bbe\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-5783989b-a3ea-44e8-804f-b218f6e51bbe')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-5783989b-a3ea-44e8-804f-b218f6e51bbe button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-5783989b-a3ea-44e8-804f-b218f6e51bbe');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 23
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Criar uma cópia de um df\n",
        "copia_df = covid_df.copy()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GpirOMXvnIr6"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Selecionando uma linha do DF\n",
        "covid_df.loc[120] # NÃO USAR PARÊNTESES"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "pf0KcmyXr1Kz",
        "outputId": "28a65e0c-60ab-4cac-e39c-1017c2fe18a4"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "date          2020-04-29\n",
              "new_cases         2091.0\n",
              "new_deaths         382.0\n",
              "new_tests        38589.0\n",
              "Name: 120, dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 25
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Selecionando várias linhas com range no loc\n",
        "covid_df.loc[108:113]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 238
        },
        "id": "ljEfLtRlr7ng",
        "outputId": "bea8b6c7-ba37-4598-db64-50a8288fd65e"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "108  2020-04-17     3786.0       525.0        NaN\n",
              "109  2020-04-18     3493.0       575.0        NaN\n",
              "110  2020-04-19     3491.0       480.0        NaN\n",
              "111  2020-04-20     3047.0       433.0     7841.0\n",
              "112  2020-04-21     2256.0       454.0    28095.0\n",
              "113  2020-04-22     2729.0       534.0    44248.0"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-04ddb70c-962d-4c57-a2d4-976621f0f3fe\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>108</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-17</td>\n",
              "      <td>3786.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>525.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>109</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-18</td>\n",
              "      <td>3493.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>575.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>110</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-19</td>\n",
              "      <td>3491.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>480.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>111</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-20</td>\n",
              "      <td>3047.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>433.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7841.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>112</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-21</td>\n",
              "      <td>2256.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>454.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28095.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>113</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-22</td>\n",
              "      <td>2729.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>534.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44248.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-04ddb70c-962d-4c57-a2d4-976621f0f3fe')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-04ddb70c-962d-4c57-a2d4-976621f0f3fe button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-04ddb70c-962d-4c57-a2d4-976621f0f3fe');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 28
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Mostrar elementos iniciais ou finais\n",
        "covid_df.head(4) #iniciais\n",
        "covid_df.tail(4) #finais"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "tKB3szP0sK00"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Mostrar em qual linha ocorreu o primeiro valor válido (Não NaN) na coluna new_tests\n",
        "covid_df.new_tests.first_valid_index()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9_esHA3HsWxl",
        "outputId": "6616ac04-975e-4245-b28e-b303a0eb7fed"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "111"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 30
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual o número total de casos?\n",
        "total_cases = covid_df.new_cases.sum()\n",
        "print(f'O número total de casos é {int(total_cases)}.')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "h9fmuhEOs_U-",
        "outputId": "0c3a3cd3-2636-4d00-b654-c22c466b7833"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "O número total de casos é 271515.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual a taxa de mortes?\n",
        "death_ratio = covid_df.new_deaths.sum() / total_cases\n",
        "print(f'A taxa de mortes é de {death_ratio*100:.2f}%.')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "S8TQWNe-vXtr",
        "outputId": "89fc3274-0ec0-43f9-8502-146791b238c9"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "A taxa de mortes é de 13.07%\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual o total de testes? Sabe-se que 935310 testes não foram contabilizados na tabela\n",
        "initial_tests = 935310\n",
        "total_tests = initial_tests + covid_df.new_tests.sum()\n",
        "print(f\"O total de testes realizados no período foi de: {total_tests:.0f}.\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "g4WQ4bvAwYEB",
        "outputId": "376b32bf-a641-40f4-dada-28b19f653be9"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "O total de testes realizados no período foi de: 5214766.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual a taxa de testes positivos?\n",
        "positive_ratio = total_cases / total_tests\n",
        "print(f'A taxa de casos positivos foi de {positive_ratio*100:.2f}% dos testes.')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "XGK9_RIMw-69",
        "outputId": "7f0c80ef-a2ae-44f6-b1aa-873cc68b0efc"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "A taxa de casos positivos foi de 5.21% dos testes.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual o total absoluto de casos negativos?\n",
        "negative_total = total_tests - total_cases\n",
        "print(f'O número absoluto de testes negativos foi {negative_total:.0f} no período analisado.')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "HnK6ThkXyCFF",
        "outputId": "d91e1c7c-7fce-4d2a-8947-dfd7b91f6e7a"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "O número absoluto de testes negativos foi 4943251 no período analisado.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Gerando Series para casos > 1000 : gera um Series com Bools\n",
        "high_cases = covid_df.new_cases > 1000"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "6IKgQu4V5anX"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Gerando sub-frame para casos > 1000: gera um data-frame filho\n",
        "high_cases_df = covid_df[high_cases] #Vai no DF original e pega só as linhas em que os casos são > 1000, ou seja, os True da Series"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "eERVVWLY59Fn",
        "outputId": "8a4ec1ea-d16e-4454-9821-5c98de79296b"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "68   2020-03-08     1247.0        36.0        NaN\n",
              "69   2020-03-09     1492.0       133.0        NaN\n",
              "70   2020-03-10     1797.0        98.0        NaN\n",
              "72   2020-03-12     2313.0       196.0        NaN\n",
              "73   2020-03-13     2651.0       189.0        NaN\n",
              "..          ...        ...         ...        ...\n",
              "241  2020-08-28     1409.0         5.0    65135.0\n",
              "242  2020-08-29     1460.0         9.0    64294.0\n",
              "243  2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0\n",
              "244  2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0\n",
              "247  2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN\n",
              "\n",
              "[72 rows x 4 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-f7746759-8b90-4c3b-b54c-2b31213524a5\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>68</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-03-08</td>\n",
              "      <td>1247.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>69</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-03-09</td>\n",
              "      <td>1492.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>133.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>70</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-03-10</td>\n",
              "      <td>1797.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>98.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>72</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-03-12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2313.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>196.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>73</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-03-13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2651.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>189.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>241</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-28</td>\n",
              "      <td>1409.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>65135.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>242</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-29</td>\n",
              "      <td>1460.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>64294.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>72 rows × 4 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-f7746759-8b90-4c3b-b54c-2b31213524a5')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-f7746759-8b90-4c3b-b54c-2b31213524a5 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-f7746759-8b90-4c3b-b54c-2b31213524a5');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 60
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Em quais dias a taxa de positivos foi maior que a média?\n",
        "#Média = positive_ratio\n",
        "high_ratio = covid_df.new_cases / covid_df.new_tests > positive_ratio\n",
        "high_ratio_df = covid_df[high_ratio]\n",
        "high_ratio_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 426
        },
        "id": "OXaLEiyg6f5m",
        "outputId": "41201df1-e90b-468f-b023-7c67fb1bead1"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "111  2020-04-20     3047.0       433.0     7841.0\n",
              "112  2020-04-21     2256.0       454.0    28095.0\n",
              "113  2020-04-22     2729.0       534.0    44248.0\n",
              "114  2020-04-23     3370.0       437.0    37083.0\n",
              "116  2020-04-25     3021.0       420.0    38676.0\n",
              "117  2020-04-26     2357.0       415.0    24113.0\n",
              "118  2020-04-27     2324.0       260.0    26678.0\n",
              "120  2020-04-29     2091.0       382.0    38589.0\n",
              "123  2020-05-02     1965.0       269.0    31231.0\n",
              "124  2020-05-03     1900.0       474.0    27047.0\n",
              "125  2020-05-04     1389.0       174.0    22999.0\n",
              "128  2020-05-07     1444.0       369.0    13665.0"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-b94f72b5-a196-4532-a29f-0f35f95b814e\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>111</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-20</td>\n",
              "      <td>3047.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>433.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7841.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>112</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-21</td>\n",
              "      <td>2256.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>454.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28095.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>113</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-22</td>\n",
              "      <td>2729.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>534.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44248.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>114</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-23</td>\n",
              "      <td>3370.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>437.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37083.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>116</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-25</td>\n",
              "      <td>3021.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>420.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38676.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>117</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-26</td>\n",
              "      <td>2357.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>415.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>24113.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>118</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-27</td>\n",
              "      <td>2324.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>260.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26678.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>120</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-04-29</td>\n",
              "      <td>2091.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>382.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38589.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>123</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>1965.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>269.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31231.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>124</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>474.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27047.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>125</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>1389.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>174.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22999.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>128</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-07</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>369.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13665.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-b94f72b5-a196-4532-a29f-0f35f95b814e')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-b94f72b5-a196-4532-a29f-0f35f95b814e button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-b94f72b5-a196-4532-a29f-0f35f95b814e');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 74
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Se operarmos duas colunas, criamos um novo Series com os valores da operação\n",
        "dif_teste_caso = covid_df.new_tests - covid_df.new_cases\n",
        "dif_teste_caso"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "vjDDkdc69OLx",
        "outputId": "b225adde-8ee1-42bd-d1fa-f9059ee41cfc"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0          NaN\n",
              "1          NaN\n",
              "2          NaN\n",
              "3          NaN\n",
              "4          NaN\n",
              "        ...   \n",
              "243    52097.0\n",
              "244    41218.0\n",
              "245    53399.0\n",
              "246        NaN\n",
              "247        NaN\n",
              "Length: 248, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 76
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Podemos adicionar a coluna no DF original usando o método padrão de dicionário\n",
        "covid_df['dif_tc'] = dif_teste_caso\n",
        "covid_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "YuvLg_lO90le",
        "outputId": "45a81e7b-e6e1-4f9b-e5cd-17ddbd651376"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests   dif_tc\n",
              "0    2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "1    2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "2    2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "3    2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "4    2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "..          ...        ...         ...        ...      ...\n",
              "243  2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0  52097.0\n",
              "244  2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0  41218.0\n",
              "245  2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0  53399.0\n",
              "246  2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "247  2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN      NaN\n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 5 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-659aef1f-83f5-4db5-b424-def4ab9c3a03\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>dif_tc</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52097.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>41218.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53399.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 5 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-659aef1f-83f5-4db5-b424-def4ab9c3a03')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-659aef1f-83f5-4db5-b424-def4ab9c3a03 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-659aef1f-83f5-4db5-b424-def4ab9c3a03');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 77
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Podemos também retirar colunas do DF usando a função drop\n",
        "covid_df.drop(columns=['dif_tc'], inplace=True) #inplace em False faz retornar uma cópia do data frame, mas sem a coluna\n",
        "covid_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "IeaBlaL5-K9o",
        "outputId": "8487dab8-b0c8-4e76-d769-b4dc4d417bbb"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "0    2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "1    2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "2    2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "3    2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "4    2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "..          ...        ...         ...        ...\n",
              "243  2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0\n",
              "244  2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0\n",
              "245  2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0\n",
              "246  2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN\n",
              "247  2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN\n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 4 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-55f4e36f-17b4-4799-ad76-01adbfb4cdc4\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 4 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-55f4e36f-17b4-4799-ad76-01adbfb4cdc4')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-55f4e36f-17b4-4799-ad76-01adbfb4cdc4 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-55f4e36f-17b4-4799-ad76-01adbfb4cdc4');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 80
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Podemos ordenar as linhas de acordo com a(s) coluna(s) desejada(s) com a função sort_values\n",
        "#Aqui vamos ordenar para pegar as 10 linhas com os maiores números de novos casos\n",
        "#Essa função RETORNA uma subDF do DF original\n",
        "covid_df.sort_values('new_cases', ascending=True).head(10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 363
        },
        "id": "9CVPfx-A-5u4",
        "outputId": "186ef409-2d00-4692-9b25-b4e7da476d90"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "           date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests\n",
              "172  2020-06-20     -148.0        47.0    29875.0\n",
              "0    2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "29   2020-01-29        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "30   2020-01-30        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "32   2020-02-01        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "33   2020-02-02        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "34   2020-02-03        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "36   2020-02-05        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "37   2020-02-06        0.0         0.0        NaN\n",
              "38   2020-02-07        0.0         0.0        NaN"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-9218d089-1fc9-41f5-892b-9401ee55fa4d\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>172</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-06-20</td>\n",
              "      <td>-148.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29875.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>29</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-29</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>30</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>32</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>33</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>34</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>36</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-05</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>37</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-06</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>38</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-02-07</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-9218d089-1fc9-41f5-892b-9401ee55fa4d')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-9218d089-1fc9-41f5-892b-9401ee55fa4d button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-9218d089-1fc9-41f5-892b-9401ee55fa4d');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 6
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Vemos que tem o valor -148 na tabela, podendo ser um erro.\n",
        "#Dependendo do caso, deletamos a linha ou trocamos por 0, média geral ou média entre os valores adjacentes.\n",
        "#Nesse caso, como o DF está ordenado por data, vamos pegar a média dos dois valores adjacentes.\n",
        "#Usamos a função .at para acessar a linha. Não usamos .loc pois ela gera uma copia do DF original.\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df.at[172, 'new_cases'] = (covid_df.at[171, 'new_cases'] + covid_df.at[173, 'new_cases']) / 2\n",
        "covid_df.at[172, 'new_cases']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "z_G64e_uONIH",
        "outputId": "7d765cfc-eafa-4e5e-97e9-63b4e313f4e9"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "297.5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Colocando os valores de data do formato 'object' para o formato 'datetime'\n",
        "covid_df.date = pd.to_datetime(covid_df.date)\n",
        "covid_df.info()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "GjruA0UNQSVG",
        "outputId": "64e1525a-f587-4172-9b4b-5c89f6dd6ef8"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
            "RangeIndex: 248 entries, 0 to 247\n",
            "Data columns (total 5 columns):\n",
            " #   Column      Non-Null Count  Dtype         \n",
            "---  ------      --------------  -----         \n",
            " 0   date        248 non-null    datetime64[ns]\n",
            " 1   new_cases   248 non-null    float64       \n",
            " 2   new_deaths  248 non-null    float64       \n",
            " 3   new_tests   135 non-null    float64       \n",
            " 4   location    248 non-null    object        \n",
            "dtypes: datetime64[ns](1), float64(3), object(1)\n",
            "memory usage: 9.8+ KB\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Caso precise alterar o tipo de uma coluna para o valor numérico, usamos o método to_numeric(). Exemplo:\n",
        "\n",
        "#covid_df.date = pd.to_numeric(covid.df.date, errors='coerce')\n",
        "\n",
        "#O parâmetro 'errors' recebe um valor 'coerce', que indica que valores não numéricos (strings, por exemplo), se tornem NaNs na coluna."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BoW5JRlgYit2"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Criando colunas adicionais separadas por tempo, usando dados datetime e a classe pd.DatetimeIndex()\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df['year'] = pd.DatetimeIndex(covid_df.date).year\n",
        "covid_df['month'] = pd.DatetimeIndex(covid_df.date).month\n",
        "covid_df['day'] = pd.DatetimeIndex(covid_df.date).day\n",
        "covid_df['weekday'] = pd.DatetimeIndex(covid_df.date).weekday\n",
        "covid_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "068go_F-RsL8",
        "outputId": "15ff5a42-7f04-480c-a5ca-128dd9376c86"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests location  year  month  day  \\\n",
              "0   2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN    Italy  2019     12   31   \n",
              "1   2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN    Italy  2020      1    1   \n",
              "2   2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN    Italy  2020      1    2   \n",
              "3   2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN    Italy  2020      1    3   \n",
              "4   2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN    Italy  2020      1    4   \n",
              "..         ...        ...         ...        ...      ...   ...    ...  ...   \n",
              "243 2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0    Italy  2020      8   30   \n",
              "244 2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0    Italy  2020      8   31   \n",
              "245 2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0    Italy  2020      9    1   \n",
              "246 2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN    Italy  2020      9    2   \n",
              "247 2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN    Italy  2020      9    3   \n",
              "\n",
              "     weekday  \n",
              "0          1  \n",
              "1          2  \n",
              "2          3  \n",
              "3          4  \n",
              "4          5  \n",
              "..       ...  \n",
              "243        6  \n",
              "244        0  \n",
              "245        1  \n",
              "246        2  \n",
              "247        3  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 9 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-4b83ec5a-207e-444e-ba1d-b1b11b0a1827\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2019</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 9 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-4b83ec5a-207e-444e-ba1d-b1b11b0a1827')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-4b83ec5a-207e-444e-ba1d-b1b11b0a1827 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-4b83ec5a-207e-444e-ba1d-b1b11b0a1827');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 26
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Quero filtrar a tabela para mostrar apenas os dados de maio\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df[covid_df.month == 5]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 1000
        },
        "id": "gmjc0KhgSjVE",
        "outputId": "1da0c46b-e069-47cf-9399-f4a82c6afe4f"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests  year  month  day  weekday\n",
              "122 2020-05-01     1872.0       285.0    43732.0  2020      5    1        4\n",
              "123 2020-05-02     1965.0       269.0    31231.0  2020      5    2        5\n",
              "124 2020-05-03     1900.0       474.0    27047.0  2020      5    3        6\n",
              "125 2020-05-04     1389.0       174.0    22999.0  2020      5    4        0\n",
              "126 2020-05-05     1221.0       195.0    32211.0  2020      5    5        1\n",
              "127 2020-05-06     1075.0       236.0    37771.0  2020      5    6        2\n",
              "128 2020-05-07     1444.0       369.0    13665.0  2020      5    7        3\n",
              "129 2020-05-08     1401.0       274.0    45428.0  2020      5    8        4\n",
              "130 2020-05-09     1327.0       243.0    36091.0  2020      5    9        5\n",
              "131 2020-05-10     1083.0       194.0    31384.0  2020      5   10        6\n",
              "132 2020-05-11      802.0       165.0    25823.0  2020      5   11        0\n",
              "133 2020-05-12      744.0       179.0    39620.0  2020      5   12        1\n",
              "134 2020-05-13     1402.0       172.0    37049.0  2020      5   13        2\n",
              "135 2020-05-14      888.0       195.0    41131.0  2020      5   14        3\n",
              "136 2020-05-15      992.0       262.0    39027.0  2020      5   15        4\n",
              "137 2020-05-16      789.0       242.0    40657.0  2020      5   16        5\n",
              "138 2020-05-17      875.0       153.0    33505.0  2020      5   17        6\n",
              "139 2020-05-18      675.0       145.0    26101.0  2020      5   18        0\n",
              "140 2020-05-19      451.0        99.0    40226.0  2020      5   19        1\n",
              "141 2020-05-20      813.0       162.0    38617.0  2020      5   20        2\n",
              "142 2020-05-21      665.0       161.0    40644.0  2020      5   21        3\n",
              "143 2020-05-22      642.0       156.0    42987.0  2020      5   22        4\n",
              "144 2020-05-23      652.0       130.0    42579.0  2020      5   23        5\n",
              "145 2020-05-24      669.0       119.0    34206.0  2020      5   24        6\n",
              "146 2020-05-25      531.0        50.0    20676.0  2020      5   25        0\n",
              "147 2020-05-26      300.0        92.0    33944.0  2020      5   26        1\n",
              "148 2020-05-27      397.0        78.0    37299.0  2020      5   27        2\n",
              "149 2020-05-28      584.0       117.0    39838.0  2020      5   28        3\n",
              "150 2020-05-29      593.0        70.0    38233.0  2020      5   29        4\n",
              "151 2020-05-30      516.0        87.0    36051.0  2020      5   30        5\n",
              "152 2020-05-31      416.0       111.0    28948.0  2020      5   31        6"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-b197e6e7-7733-4b82-9696-b413cf996f1b\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>122</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>1872.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>285.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>43732.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>123</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>1965.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>269.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31231.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>124</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>474.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27047.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>125</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>1389.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>174.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22999.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>126</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-05</td>\n",
              "      <td>1221.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>32211.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>127</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-06</td>\n",
              "      <td>1075.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>236.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37771.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>128</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-07</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>369.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>129</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-08</td>\n",
              "      <td>1401.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>274.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>45428.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>130</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-09</td>\n",
              "      <td>1327.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>243.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36091.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>131</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-10</td>\n",
              "      <td>1083.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>194.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31384.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>10</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>132</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-11</td>\n",
              "      <td>802.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25823.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>11</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>133</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-12</td>\n",
              "      <td>744.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>179.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39620.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>134</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-13</td>\n",
              "      <td>1402.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>172.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37049.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>135</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-14</td>\n",
              "      <td>888.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>41131.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>14</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>136</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-15</td>\n",
              "      <td>992.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>262.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39027.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>15</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>137</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-16</td>\n",
              "      <td>789.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>242.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40657.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>16</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>138</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-17</td>\n",
              "      <td>875.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>153.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33505.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>17</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>139</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-18</td>\n",
              "      <td>675.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>145.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26101.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>18</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>140</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-19</td>\n",
              "      <td>451.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>99.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40226.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>141</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-20</td>\n",
              "      <td>813.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>162.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38617.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>142</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-21</td>\n",
              "      <td>665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>161.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40644.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>143</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-22</td>\n",
              "      <td>642.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>156.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42987.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>144</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-23</td>\n",
              "      <td>652.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42579.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>145</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-24</td>\n",
              "      <td>669.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>119.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>34206.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>146</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-25</td>\n",
              "      <td>531.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>50.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20676.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>25</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>147</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-26</td>\n",
              "      <td>300.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>92.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33944.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>26</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>148</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-27</td>\n",
              "      <td>397.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>78.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37299.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>27</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>149</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-28</td>\n",
              "      <td>584.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>117.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39838.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>28</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>150</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-29</td>\n",
              "      <td>593.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>70.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38233.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>29</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>151</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>516.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>87.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36051.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>152</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-05-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>416.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28948.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-b197e6e7-7733-4b82-9696-b413cf996f1b')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-b197e6e7-7733-4b82-9696-b413cf996f1b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-b197e6e7-7733-4b82-9696-b413cf996f1b');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 29
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Mostrando a tabela de interesse apenas para o mês de maio\n",
        "covid_df[covid_df.month == 5][['new_cases', 'new_tests', 'new_deaths']]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 1000
        },
        "id": "M50WMeUITGlC",
        "outputId": "d5c7282d-bb5b-4da7-d774-758f66bab914"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     new_cases  new_tests  new_deaths\n",
              "122     1872.0    43732.0       285.0\n",
              "123     1965.0    31231.0       269.0\n",
              "124     1900.0    27047.0       474.0\n",
              "125     1389.0    22999.0       174.0\n",
              "126     1221.0    32211.0       195.0\n",
              "127     1075.0    37771.0       236.0\n",
              "128     1444.0    13665.0       369.0\n",
              "129     1401.0    45428.0       274.0\n",
              "130     1327.0    36091.0       243.0\n",
              "131     1083.0    31384.0       194.0\n",
              "132      802.0    25823.0       165.0\n",
              "133      744.0    39620.0       179.0\n",
              "134     1402.0    37049.0       172.0\n",
              "135      888.0    41131.0       195.0\n",
              "136      992.0    39027.0       262.0\n",
              "137      789.0    40657.0       242.0\n",
              "138      875.0    33505.0       153.0\n",
              "139      675.0    26101.0       145.0\n",
              "140      451.0    40226.0        99.0\n",
              "141      813.0    38617.0       162.0\n",
              "142      665.0    40644.0       161.0\n",
              "143      642.0    42987.0       156.0\n",
              "144      652.0    42579.0       130.0\n",
              "145      669.0    34206.0       119.0\n",
              "146      531.0    20676.0        50.0\n",
              "147      300.0    33944.0        92.0\n",
              "148      397.0    37299.0        78.0\n",
              "149      584.0    39838.0       117.0\n",
              "150      593.0    38233.0        70.0\n",
              "151      516.0    36051.0        87.0\n",
              "152      416.0    28948.0       111.0"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-48d3f1a0-e65d-416c-8697-19b29740e923\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>122</th>\n",
              "      <td>1872.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>43732.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>285.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>123</th>\n",
              "      <td>1965.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31231.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>269.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>124</th>\n",
              "      <td>1900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27047.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>474.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>125</th>\n",
              "      <td>1389.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22999.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>174.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>126</th>\n",
              "      <td>1221.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>32211.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>127</th>\n",
              "      <td>1075.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37771.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>236.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>128</th>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>369.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>129</th>\n",
              "      <td>1401.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>45428.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>274.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>130</th>\n",
              "      <td>1327.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36091.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>243.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>131</th>\n",
              "      <td>1083.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31384.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>194.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>132</th>\n",
              "      <td>802.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25823.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>165.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>133</th>\n",
              "      <td>744.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39620.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>179.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>134</th>\n",
              "      <td>1402.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37049.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>172.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>135</th>\n",
              "      <td>888.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>41131.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>136</th>\n",
              "      <td>992.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39027.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>262.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>137</th>\n",
              "      <td>789.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40657.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>242.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>138</th>\n",
              "      <td>875.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33505.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>153.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>139</th>\n",
              "      <td>675.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26101.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>145.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>140</th>\n",
              "      <td>451.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40226.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>99.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>141</th>\n",
              "      <td>813.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38617.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>162.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>142</th>\n",
              "      <td>665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40644.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>161.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>143</th>\n",
              "      <td>642.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42987.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>156.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>144</th>\n",
              "      <td>652.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42579.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>145</th>\n",
              "      <td>669.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>34206.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>119.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>146</th>\n",
              "      <td>531.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20676.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>50.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>147</th>\n",
              "      <td>300.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33944.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>92.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>148</th>\n",
              "      <td>397.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37299.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>78.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>149</th>\n",
              "      <td>584.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39838.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>117.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>150</th>\n",
              "      <td>593.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38233.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>70.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>151</th>\n",
              "      <td>516.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36051.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>87.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>152</th>\n",
              "      <td>416.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28948.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-48d3f1a0-e65d-416c-8697-19b29740e923')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-48d3f1a0-e65d-416c-8697-19b29740e923 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-48d3f1a0-e65d-416c-8697-19b29740e923');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 38
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#total de maio -> retorna uma Series com as somas das colunas\n",
        "covid_may_total = covid_df[covid_df.month == 5][['new_cases', 'new_tests', 'new_deaths']].sum()\n",
        "covid_may_total"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "_Kn6yX-fbigO",
        "outputId": "be173181-90cc-417c-9bc4-2fd250f7430c"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "new_cases       29073.0\n",
              "new_tests     1078720.0\n",
              "new_deaths       5658.0\n",
              "dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 40
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Função mean() para calcular média em uma coluna\n",
        "covid_df.new_cases.mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ZzZ-vgrncviR",
        "outputId": "fb366786-f578-4ca6-cb5f-c51e21593d16"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1096.6149193548388"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 41
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Qual a média de casos nas quintas-feiras?\n",
        "covid_df[covid_df.weekday == 3].new_cases.mean() # => Quase igual a média"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "E6HdI358c6in",
        "outputId": "ae2895ba-93d8-48e5-c126-c13add7146c9"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1095.6666666666667"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 42
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Função groupby() para criar uma nova tabela que realiza uma operação nas colunas\n",
        "#sintaxe: groupby('1a coluna')[['coluna1', 'coluna2', 'coluna3']].operacao()\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df.groupby('month')[['new_cases', 'new_tests', 'new_deaths']].sum()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 394
        },
        "id": "-NmcckoJgwHY",
        "outputId": "ac7cbc7d-93b1-4b88-f388-c5c228ed60e2"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "       new_cases  new_tests  new_deaths\n",
              "month                                  \n",
              "1            3.0        0.0         0.0\n",
              "2          885.0        0.0        21.0\n",
              "3       100851.0        0.0     11570.0\n",
              "4       101852.0   419591.0     16091.0\n",
              "5        29073.0  1078720.0      5658.0\n",
              "6         8217.5   830354.0      1404.0\n",
              "7         6722.0   797692.0       388.0\n",
              "8        21060.0  1098704.0       345.0\n",
              "9         3297.0    54395.0        20.0\n",
              "12           0.0        0.0         0.0"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-ce3265f2-bd26-4a53-97e5-d95d9f871b99\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>885.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>100851.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>11570.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>101852.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>419591.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16091.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>29073.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1078720.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>5658.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>8217.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>830354.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1404.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <td>6722.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>797692.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>388.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>21060.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1098704.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>345.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>3297.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>12</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-ce3265f2-bd26-4a53-97e5-d95d9f871b99')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-ce3265f2-bd26-4a53-97e5-d95d9f871b99 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-ce3265f2-bd26-4a53-97e5-d95d9f871b99');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 43
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Cumulative Sum\n",
        "Vai somando linha a linha na coluna desejada"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5O38QvRSh9qK"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df['total_cases'] = covid_df['new_cases'].cumsum()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3IZzvGYrhjOr"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df['total_tests'] = covid_df['new_tests'].cumsum()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QfmvI7wFhyB4"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df['total_deaths'] = covid_df['new_deaths'].cumsum()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "meMHElHoh3bk"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "covid_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "zKco40POh6W9",
        "outputId": "22fe7bfb-4230-45dc-d196-f00c5945f9cd"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests  year  month  day  weekday  \\\n",
              "0   2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN  2019     12   31        1   \n",
              "1   2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    1        2   \n",
              "2   2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    2        3   \n",
              "3   2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    3        4   \n",
              "4   2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    4        5   \n",
              "..         ...        ...         ...        ...   ...    ...  ...      ...   \n",
              "243 2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0  2020      8   30        6   \n",
              "244 2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0  2020      8   31        0   \n",
              "245 2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0  2020      9    1        1   \n",
              "246 2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN  2020      9    2        2   \n",
              "247 2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN  2020      9    3        3   \n",
              "\n",
              "     total_cases  total_tests  total_deaths  \n",
              "0            0.0          NaN           0.0  \n",
              "1            0.0          NaN           0.0  \n",
              "2            0.0          NaN           0.0  \n",
              "3            0.0          NaN           0.0  \n",
              "4            0.0          NaN           0.0  \n",
              "..           ...          ...           ...  \n",
              "243     267298.5    4182478.0       35473.0  \n",
              "244     268663.5    4225061.0       35477.0  \n",
              "245     269659.5    4279456.0       35483.0  \n",
              "246     270634.5          NaN       35491.0  \n",
              "247     271960.5          NaN       35497.0  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 11 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-5d5e6a0e-c32f-4881-9bb1-dab59b86211d\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_deaths</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2019</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>267298.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>4182478.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35473.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>268663.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>4225061.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35477.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>269659.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>4279456.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35483.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>270634.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35491.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>271960.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35497.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 11 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-5d5e6a0e-c32f-4881-9bb1-dab59b86211d')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-5d5e6a0e-c32f-4881-9bb1-dab59b86211d button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-5d5e6a0e-c32f-4881-9bb1-dab59b86211d');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 47
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Mas e se quisermos mais informações?\n",
        "\n",
        "url_locations = 'https://gist.githubusercontent.com/aakashns/8684589ef4f266116cdce023377fc9c8/raw/99ce3826b2a9d1e6d0bde7e9e559fc8b6e9ac88b/locations.csv'\n",
        "urlretrieve(url_locations, 'locations.csv')\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "wBGQxqWAHiEH",
        "outputId": "67df9a44-eeaa-47f8-f5f4-88fb485bb0f5"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "('locations.csv', <http.client.HTTPMessage at 0x7fe4ca6f9760>)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Checando o arquivo\n",
        "os.listdir()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "VW_kdfCoJKYF",
        "outputId": "a742a6e5-99f1-4385-b948-78c37a6d651b"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['.config', 'locations.txt', 'italy-covid.csv', 'locations.csv', 'sample_data']"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Lendo o arquivo\n",
        "locations_df = pd.read_csv('locations.csv')\n",
        "locations_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "u3H0XMwmJRek",
        "outputId": "879fe6ad-f15f-47d0-8e5b-759a49b1bb8a"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          location continent    population  life_expectancy  \\\n",
              "0      Afghanistan      Asia  3.892834e+07            64.83   \n",
              "1          Albania    Europe  2.877800e+06            78.57   \n",
              "2          Algeria    Africa  4.385104e+07            76.88   \n",
              "3          Andorra    Europe  7.726500e+04            83.73   \n",
              "4           Angola    Africa  3.286627e+07            61.15   \n",
              "..             ...       ...           ...              ...   \n",
              "207          Yemen      Asia  2.982597e+07            66.12   \n",
              "208         Zambia    Africa  1.838396e+07            63.89   \n",
              "209       Zimbabwe    Africa  1.486293e+07            61.49   \n",
              "210          World       NaN  7.794799e+09            72.58   \n",
              "211  International       NaN           NaN              NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "     hospital_beds_per_thousand  gdp_per_capita  \n",
              "0                         0.500        1803.987  \n",
              "1                         2.890       11803.431  \n",
              "2                         1.900       13913.839  \n",
              "3                           NaN             NaN  \n",
              "4                           NaN        5819.495  \n",
              "..                          ...             ...  \n",
              "207                       0.700        1479.147  \n",
              "208                       2.000        3689.251  \n",
              "209                       1.700        1899.775  \n",
              "210                       2.705       15469.207  \n",
              "211                         NaN             NaN  \n",
              "\n",
              "[212 rows x 6 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-b718efbe-1ad6-4de6-a6b1-41ea4044225d\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "      <th>continent</th>\n",
              "      <th>population</th>\n",
              "      <th>life_expectancy</th>\n",
              "      <th>hospital_beds_per_thousand</th>\n",
              "      <th>gdp_per_capita</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Afghanistan</td>\n",
              "      <td>Asia</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.892834e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>64.83</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.500</td>\n",
              "      <td>1803.987</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Albania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.877800e+06</td>\n",
              "      <td>78.57</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.890</td>\n",
              "      <td>11803.431</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Algeria</td>\n",
              "      <td>Africa</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.385104e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>76.88</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.900</td>\n",
              "      <td>13913.839</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Andorra</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.726500e+04</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.73</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Angola</td>\n",
              "      <td>Africa</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.286627e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>61.15</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>5819.495</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>207</th>\n",
              "      <td>Yemen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Asia</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.982597e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>66.12</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.700</td>\n",
              "      <td>1479.147</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>208</th>\n",
              "      <td>Zambia</td>\n",
              "      <td>Africa</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.838396e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>63.89</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.000</td>\n",
              "      <td>3689.251</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>209</th>\n",
              "      <td>Zimbabwe</td>\n",
              "      <td>Africa</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.486293e+07</td>\n",
              "      <td>61.49</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.700</td>\n",
              "      <td>1899.775</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>210</th>\n",
              "      <td>World</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.794799e+09</td>\n",
              "      <td>72.58</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.705</td>\n",
              "      <td>15469.207</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>211</th>\n",
              "      <td>International</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>212 rows × 6 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-b718efbe-1ad6-4de6-a6b1-41ea4044225d')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-b718efbe-1ad6-4de6-a6b1-41ea4044225d button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-b718efbe-1ad6-4de6-a6b1-41ea4044225d');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 16
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "italy = locations_df[locations_df.location == 'Italy'] #Linha de interesse\n",
        "italy"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 81
        },
        "id": "bohWhO9KJ8ge",
        "outputId": "d1bb0066-c406-4603-fe06-f7925aca3511"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   location continent  population  life_expectancy  \\\n",
              "97    Italy    Europe  60461828.0            83.51   \n",
              "\n",
              "    hospital_beds_per_thousand  gdp_per_capita  \n",
              "97                        3.18       35220.084  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-1819d5e0-9016-4e21-8b4a-812b874a243d\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "      <th>continent</th>\n",
              "      <th>population</th>\n",
              "      <th>life_expectancy</th>\n",
              "      <th>hospital_beds_per_thousand</th>\n",
              "      <th>gdp_per_capita</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>97</th>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-1819d5e0-9016-4e21-8b4a-812b874a243d')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-1819d5e0-9016-4e21-8b4a-812b874a243d button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-1819d5e0-9016-4e21-8b4a-812b874a243d');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 37
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Queremos fazer um merge com essa linha, como fazer?\n",
        "#Primeiro devemos ter uma coluna em comum entre os dois dataframes de interesse.\n",
        "\n",
        "covid_df['location'] = 'Italy'\n",
        "covid_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "ho2hfd-KKepF",
        "outputId": "6dd61bab-5ffc-4862-eb0d-e19089bec910"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests  year  month  day  weekday  \\\n",
              "0   2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN  2019     12   31        1   \n",
              "1   2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    1        2   \n",
              "2   2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    2        3   \n",
              "3   2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    3        4   \n",
              "4   2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    4        5   \n",
              "..         ...        ...         ...        ...   ...    ...  ...      ...   \n",
              "243 2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0  2020      8   30        6   \n",
              "244 2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0  2020      8   31        0   \n",
              "245 2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0  2020      9    1        1   \n",
              "246 2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN  2020      9    2        2   \n",
              "247 2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN  2020      9    3        3   \n",
              "\n",
              "    location  \n",
              "0      Italy  \n",
              "1      Italy  \n",
              "2      Italy  \n",
              "3      Italy  \n",
              "4      Italy  \n",
              "..       ...  \n",
              "243    Italy  \n",
              "244    Italy  \n",
              "245    Italy  \n",
              "246    Italy  \n",
              "247    Italy  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 9 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-861fd1b6-44c6-4da1-ad3f-e13cfcbbf56e\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2019</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 9 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-861fd1b6-44c6-4da1-ad3f-e13cfcbbf56e')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-861fd1b6-44c6-4da1-ad3f-e13cfcbbf56e button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-861fd1b6-44c6-4da1-ad3f-e13cfcbbf56e');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 35
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Depois, podemos fazer o merge com a função dataframe_orig.merge(dataframe, on='coluna_comum')\n",
        "merge_df = covid_df.merge(italy, on='location')\n",
        "merge_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 661
        },
        "id": "9DUOYTP9LyNu",
        "outputId": "720bf4ef-5060-4640-b534-97d68740b185"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests  year  month  day  weekday  \\\n",
              "0   2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN  2019     12   31        1   \n",
              "1   2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    1        2   \n",
              "2   2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    2        3   \n",
              "3   2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    3        4   \n",
              "4   2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    4        5   \n",
              "..         ...        ...         ...        ...   ...    ...  ...      ...   \n",
              "243 2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0  2020      8   30        6   \n",
              "244 2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0  2020      8   31        0   \n",
              "245 2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0  2020      9    1        1   \n",
              "246 2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN  2020      9    2        2   \n",
              "247 2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN  2020      9    3        3   \n",
              "\n",
              "    location  total_cases  total_tests  total_deaths continent  population  \\\n",
              "0      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "1      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "2      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "3      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "4      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "..       ...          ...          ...           ...       ...         ...   \n",
              "243    Italy     266853.0    4182478.0       35473.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "244    Italy     268218.0    4225061.0       35477.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "245    Italy     269214.0    4279456.0       35483.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "246    Italy     270189.0          NaN       35491.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "247    Italy     271515.0          NaN       35497.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     life_expectancy  hospital_beds_per_thousand  gdp_per_capita  \n",
              "0              83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "1              83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "2              83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "3              83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "4              83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "..               ...                         ...             ...  \n",
              "243            83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "244            83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "245            83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "246            83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "247            83.51                        3.18       35220.084  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 17 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-83835de8-e4bd-40e8-aa98-bc5a7abb4766\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>continent</th>\n",
              "      <th>population</th>\n",
              "      <th>life_expectancy</th>\n",
              "      <th>hospital_beds_per_thousand</th>\n",
              "      <th>gdp_per_capita</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2019</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>266853.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4182478.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35473.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>268218.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4225061.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35477.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>269214.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4279456.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35483.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>270189.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35491.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>271515.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35497.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 17 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-83835de8-e4bd-40e8-aa98-bc5a7abb4766')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-83835de8-e4bd-40e8-aa98-bc5a7abb4766 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-83835de8-e4bd-40e8-aa98-bc5a7abb4766');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 46
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Agora com as novas informações podemos calcular novas métricas\n",
        "\n",
        "merge_df['cases_per_million'] = merge_df.new_cases * 1e6 / merge_df.population\n",
        "merge_df['deaths_per_million'] = merge_df.new_deaths * 1e6 / merge_df.population\n",
        "merge_df['tests_per_million'] = merge_df.new_tests * 1e6 / merge_df.population\n",
        "\n",
        "merge_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 661
        },
        "id": "dbf4nGhjM5n1",
        "outputId": "6e2578ae-df20-457a-cef2-1719913aef86"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "          date  new_cases  new_deaths  new_tests  year  month  day  weekday  \\\n",
              "0   2019-12-31        0.0         0.0        NaN  2019     12   31        1   \n",
              "1   2020-01-01        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    1        2   \n",
              "2   2020-01-02        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    2        3   \n",
              "3   2020-01-03        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    3        4   \n",
              "4   2020-01-04        0.0         0.0        NaN  2020      1    4        5   \n",
              "..         ...        ...         ...        ...   ...    ...  ...      ...   \n",
              "243 2020-08-30     1444.0         1.0    53541.0  2020      8   30        6   \n",
              "244 2020-08-31     1365.0         4.0    42583.0  2020      8   31        0   \n",
              "245 2020-09-01      996.0         6.0    54395.0  2020      9    1        1   \n",
              "246 2020-09-02      975.0         8.0        NaN  2020      9    2        2   \n",
              "247 2020-09-03     1326.0         6.0        NaN  2020      9    3        3   \n",
              "\n",
              "    location  total_cases  total_tests  total_deaths continent  population  \\\n",
              "0      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "1      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "2      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "3      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "4      Italy          0.0          NaN           0.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "..       ...          ...          ...           ...       ...         ...   \n",
              "243    Italy     266853.0    4182478.0       35473.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "244    Italy     268218.0    4225061.0       35477.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "245    Italy     269214.0    4279456.0       35483.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "246    Italy     270189.0          NaN       35491.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "247    Italy     271515.0          NaN       35497.0    Europe  60461828.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     life_expectancy  hospital_beds_per_thousand  gdp_per_capita  \\\n",
              "0              83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "1              83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "2              83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "3              83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "4              83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "..               ...                         ...             ...   \n",
              "243            83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "244            83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "245            83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "246            83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "247            83.51                        3.18       35220.084   \n",
              "\n",
              "     cases_per_million  deaths_per_million  tests_per_million  \n",
              "0             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "1             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "2             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "3             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "4             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "..                 ...                 ...                ...  \n",
              "243          23.882837            0.016539         885.533927  \n",
              "244          22.576228            0.066157         704.295609  \n",
              "245          16.473204            0.099236         899.658542  \n",
              "246          16.125877            0.132315                NaN  \n",
              "247          21.931193            0.099236                NaN  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 20 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-8c1da181-c7cb-4c71-9353-42eb9bcf2a48\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>date</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>year</th>\n",
              "      <th>month</th>\n",
              "      <th>day</th>\n",
              "      <th>weekday</th>\n",
              "      <th>location</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>continent</th>\n",
              "      <th>population</th>\n",
              "      <th>life_expectancy</th>\n",
              "      <th>hospital_beds_per_thousand</th>\n",
              "      <th>gdp_per_capita</th>\n",
              "      <th>cases_per_million</th>\n",
              "      <th>deaths_per_million</th>\n",
              "      <th>tests_per_million</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2019-12-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2019</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-01-04</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-30</td>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>30</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>266853.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4182478.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35473.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.882837</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.016539</td>\n",
              "      <td>885.533927</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-08-31</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>31</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>268218.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4225061.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35477.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.576228</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.066157</td>\n",
              "      <td>704.295609</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-01</td>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>269214.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4279456.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35483.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.473204</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.099236</td>\n",
              "      <td>899.658542</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-02</td>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>270189.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35491.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.125877</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.132315</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>2020-09-03</td>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2020</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Italy</td>\n",
              "      <td>271515.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>35497.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Europe</td>\n",
              "      <td>60461828.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.51</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.18</td>\n",
              "      <td>35220.084</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.931193</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.099236</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 20 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-8c1da181-c7cb-4c71-9353-42eb9bcf2a48')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-8c1da181-c7cb-4c71-9353-42eb9bcf2a48 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-8c1da181-c7cb-4c71-9353-42eb9bcf2a48');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 47
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Agora vamos exportar o arquivo para um novo arquivo CSV\n",
        "#Para fazê-lo, vamos primeiro criar o dataframe resultante apenas com as informações necessárias\n",
        "\n",
        "result_df = merge_df[['new_cases',\n",
        "                     'total_cases',\n",
        "                     'new_deaths',\n",
        "                     'total_deaths',\n",
        "                     'new_tests',\n",
        "                     'total_tests',\n",
        "                     'cases_per_million',\n",
        "                     'deaths_per_million',\n",
        "                     'tests_per_million']]\n",
        "result_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 488
        },
        "id": "tjkebl5rPN58",
        "outputId": "df17abc3-08c2-4069-de83-9719d0ba69c7"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     new_cases  total_cases  new_deaths  total_deaths  new_tests  total_tests  \\\n",
              "0          0.0          0.0         0.0           0.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "1          0.0          0.0         0.0           0.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "2          0.0          0.0         0.0           0.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "3          0.0          0.0         0.0           0.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "4          0.0          0.0         0.0           0.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "..         ...          ...         ...           ...        ...          ...   \n",
              "243     1444.0     266853.0         1.0       35473.0    53541.0    4182478.0   \n",
              "244     1365.0     268218.0         4.0       35477.0    42583.0    4225061.0   \n",
              "245      996.0     269214.0         6.0       35483.0    54395.0    4279456.0   \n",
              "246      975.0     270189.0         8.0       35491.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "247     1326.0     271515.0         6.0       35497.0        NaN          NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "     cases_per_million  deaths_per_million  tests_per_million  \n",
              "0             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "1             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "2             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "3             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "4             0.000000            0.000000                NaN  \n",
              "..                 ...                 ...                ...  \n",
              "243          23.882837            0.016539         885.533927  \n",
              "244          22.576228            0.066157         704.295609  \n",
              "245          16.473204            0.099236         899.658542  \n",
              "246          16.125877            0.132315                NaN  \n",
              "247          21.931193            0.099236                NaN  \n",
              "\n",
              "[248 rows x 9 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-613f5293-f111-45b7-afdf-9f258c3d2569\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>new_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_cases</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_deaths</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_tests</th>\n",
              "      <th>cases_per_million</th>\n",
              "      <th>deaths_per_million</th>\n",
              "      <th>tests_per_million</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>243</th>\n",
              "      <td>1444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>266853.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35473.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53541.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4182478.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.882837</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.016539</td>\n",
              "      <td>885.533927</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>244</th>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>268218.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35477.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42583.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4225061.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.576228</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.066157</td>\n",
              "      <td>704.295609</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>245</th>\n",
              "      <td>996.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>269214.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35483.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>54395.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4279456.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.473204</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.099236</td>\n",
              "      <td>899.658542</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>246</th>\n",
              "      <td>975.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>270189.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35491.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.125877</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.132315</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>247</th>\n",
              "      <td>1326.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>271515.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35497.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.931193</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.099236</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>248 rows × 9 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-613f5293-f111-45b7-afdf-9f258c3d2569')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-613f5293-f111-45b7-afdf-9f258c3d2569 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-613f5293-f111-45b7-afdf-9f258c3d2569');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 49
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Agora usamos o método .to_csv('nome_do_arquivo.csv', index=None) O index tira essa coluna do 0 até o 247 do arquivo csv.\n",
        "#Lembrando que quando abre, ele já vem com esse índice padrão.\n",
        "\n",
        "result_df.to_csv('results.csv', index=None)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eMfLjqMJQRHt"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#Checando diretório\n",
        "os.listdir()\n",
        "results = open('./results.csv', 'r')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "JBDuKxQYQthE"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "results_content = results.read()\n",
        "print(results_content)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "5qo_50vJTGdE",
        "outputId": "c42101be-eeca-4067-c37e-577fb53988f8"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}