diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/ArticleController.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/ArticleController.java
index 6d2b319..b376313 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/ArticleController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/ArticleController.java
@@ -7,9 +7,13 @@
 import gyeongdan.article.service.ArticleService;
 import gyeongdan.util.CommonResponse;
 import gyeongdan.util.JwtUtil;
+import gyeongdan.util.annotation.LoginAuthenticated;
 import jakarta.annotation.Nullable;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
+import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
 import java.util.List;
@@ -19,20 +23,22 @@
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/api/article")
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
+@Slf4j
 public class ArticleController {
 
     private final ArticleService articleService;
     private final JwtUtil jwtUtil;
 
     // 게시글 상세 조회
-    // 단, 유저가 보면 조회기록 저장하고, 유저가 아닌 경우 조회수만 증가시키기.
+    // 단, 유저가 보면 조회기록 저장하고, 유저가 아닌 경우 조회수만 증가시키기
     @GetMapping("/detail")
     public ResponseEntity<?> getArticle(@RequestParam Long id,
-                                        @RequestHeader @Nullable String accessToken) { // id : 기사id, access token : 유저의 접근 권한
+                                        @RequestHeader(name = "Authorization") @Nullable String accessToken) { // id : 기사id, access token : 유저의 접근 권한
         Optional<Long> userId = Optional.empty();
         if (accessToken != null && !accessToken.isEmpty()) {
             userId = jwtUtil.getUserId(jwtUtil.resolveToken(accessToken));
         }
+
         // 기사 조회
         Article article = articleService.getValidArticleById(id, userId);
         // 조회수 증가
@@ -47,20 +53,19 @@ public ResponseEntity<?> getArticle(@RequestParam Long id,
     @GetMapping("")
     public ResponseEntity<?> getArticles() {
         List<ArticleAllResponse> articles = articleService.getValidArticles();
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(new CommonResponse<>(articles, "게시글 조회 성공", true));
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(new CommonResponse<>(articles, "게시글 모두 조회 성공", true));
     }
 
     // 최근 조회한 기사 3개 가져오기
+    @LoginAuthenticated
     @GetMapping("/recent")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getRecentViewedArticles(@RequestHeader @Nullable String accessToken) {
-        // userId 디코딩
-        Optional<Long> userId = Optional.empty();
-        if (accessToken != null && !accessToken.isEmpty()) {
-            userId = jwtUtil.getUserId(jwtUtil.resolveToken(accessToken));
-        }
+    public ResponseEntity<?> getRecentViewedArticles() {
+        // 현재 로그인한 사용자의 ID를 가져옴
+        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
+        Long userId = Long.valueOf(authentication.getName());
 
         // 최근 조회한 기사 3개 가져오기
-        List<Article> recentViewedArticles = articleService.getRecentViewedArticles(userId.orElse(null));
+        List<Article> recentViewedArticles = articleService.getRecentViewedArticles(userId);
 
         List<ArticleAllResponse> finalResponse = recentViewedArticles.stream()
                 .map(article -> new ArticleAllResponse(
@@ -77,7 +82,7 @@ public ResponseEntity<?> getRecentViewedArticles(@RequestHeader @Nullable String
         return ResponseEntity.ok(new CommonResponse<>(finalResponse, "가장 최근에 조회한 게시글 3개 조회 성공", true));
     }
 
-    // 이번주 가장 인기 있는 기사 10개 조회 (조회수 기준)
+    // 금주 가장 인기 있는 기사 10개 조회 (조회수 기준)
     @GetMapping("/popular")
     public ResponseEntity<?> getPopularArticles() {
         List<PopularArticleResponse> popularArticles = articleService.getPopularArticles();
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/RecommendController.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/RecommendController.java
index cf86655..b815040 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/RecommendController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/controller/RecommendController.java
@@ -3,32 +3,30 @@
 import gyeongdan.article.dto.ArticleAllResponse;
 import gyeongdan.article.service.RecommendService;
 import gyeongdan.util.CommonResponse;
-import gyeongdan.util.JwtUtil;
-import jakarta.annotation.Nullable;
+import gyeongdan.util.annotation.LoginAuthenticated;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
+import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Optional;
 
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/api/article")
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public class RecommendController {
-    private final JwtUtil jwtUtil;
     private final RecommendService recommendService;
 
+    @LoginAuthenticated
     @GetMapping("/recommend")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getUserTypeArticles(@RequestHeader @Nullable String accessToken) { // id : 기사id, access token : 유저의 접근 권한
-        Optional<Long> userId = Optional.empty();
-        if (accessToken != null && !accessToken.isEmpty()) {
-            userId = jwtUtil.getUserId(jwtUtil.resolveToken(accessToken));
-        }
+    public ResponseEntity<?> getUserTypeArticles() {
+        // 현재 로그인한 사용자의 ID를 가져옴
+        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
+        Long userId = Long.valueOf(authentication.getName());
 
-        // 추천 알고리즘
+        // 추천 알고리즘 결과를 List에 저장 후 반환
         List<ArticleAllResponse> articles = recommendService.recommendArticleById(userId);
-
         return ResponseEntity.ok(new CommonResponse<>(articles, "추천 기사 10개 가져오기 성공", true));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleJpaRepository.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleJpaRepository.java
index aa797c6..3da5732 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleJpaRepository.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleJpaRepository.java
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 package gyeongdan.article.repository;
 
 import gyeongdan.article.domain.Article;
-import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
-import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
 
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@@ -12,6 +10,12 @@
 
 @Repository
 public interface ArticleJpaRepository extends JpaRepository<Article, Long> {
+    // 게시물 전체 조회 : publishedAt이 없는 경우 createdAt으로 정렬. isValid 값이 True인 경우만 조회
+    @Query("SELECT a FROM Article a WHERE a.isValid = true ORDER BY " +
+            "CASE WHEN a.publishedAt IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END, " +
+            "a.publishedAt DESC, " +
+            "a.createdAt DESC")
+    List<Article> findAllValidOrderByPublishedAtOrCreatedAtDesc();
 
-    List<Article> findTop10ByPublishedAtBetweenOrderByViewCountDesc(LocalDateTime startOfWeek, LocalDateTime endOfDay);
+    List<Article> findTop10ByPublishedAtBetweenAndIsValidTrueOrderByViewCountDesc(LocalDateTime startOfWeek, LocalDateTime endOfDay);
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepository.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepository.java
index e117bc5..25e0f08 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepository.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepository.java
@@ -16,4 +16,5 @@ public interface ArticleRepository {
 
     Article save(Article article);
 
+    List<Article> findAllValidOrderByPublishedAtOrCreatedAtDesc();
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepositoryImpl.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepositoryImpl.java
index e986cf6..b63b14d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepositoryImpl.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/repository/ArticleRepositoryImpl.java
@@ -26,5 +26,7 @@ public Article save(Article article) {
         return articleJpaRepository.save(article);
     }
 
-
+    public List<Article> findAllValidOrderByPublishedAtOrCreatedAtDesc() {
+        return articleJpaRepository.findAllValidOrderByPublishedAtOrCreatedAtDesc();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/ArticleService.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/ArticleService.java
index 7043011..0b1529d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/ArticleService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/ArticleService.java
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import gyeongdan.article.repository.ArticleViewHistoryJpaRepository;
 import gyeongdan.user.service.UserManageService;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
-import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 
 @Service
@@ -30,15 +29,35 @@ public class ArticleService {
     private final UserManageService userManageService;
     private final ArticleJpaRepository articleJpaRepository;
 
+    // 게시글 상세 조회
     public Article getValidArticleById(Long id, Optional<Long> userId) {
-        Article article = articleRepository.findById(id);
-        checkArticleVisible(article); // id에 해당하는 게시글이 있는지 확인. 없으면 예외 발생
+        Article article = articleRepository.findById(id); // id에 해당하는 기사 가져오기
+
+        checkArticleVisible(article); // id에 해당하는 기사가 있는지 확인. 없으면 예외 발생
 
-        userId.ifPresent(aLong -> saveViewHistory(aLong, article)); // 만약 userId가 존재하면 조회 기록 저장
+        if (userId.isPresent()) {
+            saveViewHistory(userId.get(), article); // 조회 기록 저장
+        }
 
         return article;
     }
 
+    // 게시물 전체 조회
+    public List<ArticleAllResponse> getValidArticles() {
+        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findAllValidOrderByPublishedAtOrCreatedAtDesc();
+        return articles.stream()
+                .filter(Article::isValid)
+                .map(article -> new ArticleAllResponse(
+                        article.getId(),
+                        article.getSimpleTitle(),
+                        article.getSimpleContent(),
+                        article.getViewCount(),
+                        article.getCategory(),
+                        Optional.ofNullable(article.getImageUrl()),
+                        article.getPublishedAt()
+                ))
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
 
     private static void checkArticleVisible(Article article) {
         if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(article.getIsValid())) {
@@ -69,22 +88,6 @@ public Long updateArticle(ArticleUpdateRequest articleUpdateRequest) {
     }
 
 
-    public List<ArticleAllResponse> getValidArticles() {
-        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findAll();
-        return articles.stream()
-                .filter(Article::isValid)
-                .map(article -> new ArticleAllResponse(
-                        article.getId(),
-                        article.getSimpleTitle(),
-                        article.getSimpleContent(),
-                        article.getViewCount(),
-                        article.getCategory(),
-                        Optional.ofNullable(article.getImageUrl()),
-                        article.getPublishedAt()
-                ))
-                .collect(Collectors.toList());
-    }
-
     // 조회수 증가 메서드
     public void incrementViewCount(Article article) {
         article.setViewCount(article.getViewCount() + 1);
@@ -109,14 +112,14 @@ public List<Article> getRecentViewedArticles(Long userId) {
                 .collect(Collectors.toList());
     }
 
-    // 이번 주 가장 인기 있는 기사 5개 가져오는 메서드 (조회수 기준)
+    // 금주 가장 인기 있는 기사 10개 가져오는 메서드 (조회수 기준)
     public List<PopularArticleResponse> getPopularArticles() {
         // 오늘을 기준으로 이번 주의 시작과 끝을 구함 (월요일부터 일요일까지)
         LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
         LocalDateTime mondayDateTime = today.with(DayOfWeek.MONDAY).atStartOfDay();
         LocalDateTime sundayDateTime = today.with(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY).plusDays(1).atStartOfDay();
 
-        List<Article> articles = articleJpaRepository.findTop10ByPublishedAtBetweenOrderByViewCountDesc(mondayDateTime, sundayDateTime);
+        List<Article> articles = articleJpaRepository.findTop10ByPublishedAtBetweenAndIsValidTrueOrderByViewCountDesc(mondayDateTime, sundayDateTime);
 
         return articles.stream()
                 .map(article -> new PopularArticleResponse(article.getId(), article.getSimpleTitle(), article.getViewCount()))
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/RecommendService.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/RecommendService.java
index 8028c30..71dd27f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/RecommendService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/article/service/RecommendService.java
@@ -19,14 +19,10 @@ public class RecommendService {
     private final UserTypeJpaRepository userTypeJpaRepository;
     private final ArticleJpaRepository articleJpaRepository;
 
-    public List<ArticleAllResponse> recommendArticleById(Optional<Long> userId) {
-        if (userId.isEmpty()) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException( "아직 유형검사를 하지 않은 유저입니다.");
-        }
-
+    public List<ArticleAllResponse> recommendArticleById(Long userId) {
         // (1) 사용자 id에 해당하는 UserType을 가져옴
-        UserType userType = userTypeJpaRepository.findByuserId(userId.get())
-                .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException( "아직 유형검사를 하지 않은 유저입니다."));
+        UserType userType = userTypeJpaRepository.findTopByUserIdOrderByIdDesc(userId)
+                .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("아직 유형검사를 하지 않은 유저입니다."));
 
         // (2) UserType에서 가장 값이 높은 3개의 타입값을 추출하기
         Map<String, Long> userTypeValues = new HashMap<>();
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/chatBot/term/controller/EconomicTermController.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/chatBot/term/controller/EconomicTermController.java
index aff8d5f..e618669 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/chatBot/term/controller/EconomicTermController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/chatBot/term/controller/EconomicTermController.java
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 public class EconomicTermController {
     private final EconomicTermService economicTermService;
 
-    @GetMapping("/search")
+    @PostMapping("/search")
     public ResponseEntity<?> search(@RequestBody String question) throws Exception {
         Map<String, String> data = economicTermService.findEconomicTerm(question);
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/repository/UserTypeJpaRepository.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/repository/UserTypeJpaRepository.java
index d19f0d4..0f94321 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/repository/UserTypeJpaRepository.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/repository/UserTypeJpaRepository.java
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 
 @Repository
 public interface UserTypeJpaRepository extends JpaRepository<UserType, Long> {
+    Optional<UserType> findTopByUserIdOrderByIdDesc(Long userId);
 
-    Optional<UserType> findByuserId(Long user_id);
-
-    Optional<List<UserType>> findByUserId(Long userId);
+    Optional<List<UserType>> findAllByUserId(Long userId);
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/service/UserManageService.java b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/service/UserManageService.java
index 3f4486e..2076ed8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/service/UserManageService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/gyeongdan/user/service/UserManageService.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public void saveUserType(Long userId, UserTypeTestResult userTypeTestResult) {
     public UserTypeRecord getUserType(Long userId) {
         checkUserExist(userId);
 
-        List<UserType> userTypes = userTypeJpaRepository.findByUserId(userId)
+        List<UserType> userTypes = userTypeJpaRepository.findAllByUserId(userId)
                 .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("사용자의 유저 타입이 존재하지 않습니다."));
 
         if (userTypes.isEmpty()) {