diff --git a/.github/actions/setup-echo-server/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup-echo-server/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d946684d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/setup-echo-server/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+name: setup-echo-server
+decription: |
+  This action sets up an echo server associating a name to it.
+  The name, e.g. `httpbin.org`, will be resolved to 127.0.0.1 by dnsmasq.
+
+inputs:
+  upstream_dns_server:
+    description: 'DNS server used by dnsmasq to resolve entries not yet cached'
+    required: false
+    default: '1.1.1.1'
+  echo_server_name:
+    description: 'A name dnsmasq will resolve to 127.0.0.1, e.g.: httpbin.org'
+    required: false
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - run: sudo apt-get install -y dnsmasq
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' || matrix.os == 'ubuntu-22.04' }}
+      shell: bash
+    - run: brew install dnsmasq
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-latest' }}
+      shell: bash
+
+    - run: |
+        sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
+        sudo dnsmasq --no-hosts \
+                     --no-resolv \
+                     --server=${{ inputs.upstream_dns_server }} \
+                     --address=/${{ inputs.echo_server_name }}/127.0.0.1
+      shell: bash
+    - run: |
+        cat <<EOT >> /tmp/nginx.conf
+        server {
+            listen              80;
+            server_name         '${{ inputs.echo_server_name }}';
+
+            listen              443 ssl;
+            server_name         '${{ inputs.echo_server_name }}';
+            ssl_protocols       TLSv1.2;
+            ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/hostname_cert.pem;
+            ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/hostname_key.pem;
+
+            location / {
+                proxy_pass http://httpbin;
+            }
+        }
+        EOT
+
+        docker run --name httpbin -d kennethreitz/httpbin
+        docker run --name httpbin_proxy \
+                   --link httpbin \
+                   -p 80:80 \
+                   -p 443:443 \
+                   -v /tmp/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.d/httpbin.conf:ro \
+                   -v ./t/data/hostname_cert.pem:/etc/nginx/hostname_cert.pem:ro \
+                   -v ./t/data/hostname_key.pem:/etc/nginx/hostname_key.pem:ro \
+                   -d nginx
+      shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 461280ea9..f5b13a9b5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -27,79 +27,80 @@ jobs:
         wasmer: [3.1.1]
         v8: [""]
         ssl: [ssl]
-        debug: [debug, no_debug]
+          #        debug: [debug, no_debug]
+        debug: [debug]
         hup: [no_hup]
         module_type: ["static"]
-        include:
-          # Wasmtime
-          - runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: hup
-          # V8
-          - runtime: v8
-            v8: 11.4.183.23
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-          # Old Nginx
-          - label: old_nginx
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            ngx: 1.21.6
-            runtime: wasmer
-            wasmer: 3.1.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-          # Nginx + dynamic ngx_wasm_module + HUP
-          - label: dynamic_nginx
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: hup
-            module_type: dynamic
-          # No SSL
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            runtime: wasmer
-            wasmer: 3.1.1
-            ssl: no_ssl
-            debug: no_debug
-            hup: no_hup
-          # OpenResty
-          - label: openresty
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            openresty: 1.21.4.1
-            runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-          # OpenResty + dynamic ngx_wasm_module
-          - label: dynamic_openresty
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: gcc-9
-            openresty: 1.21.4.1
-            runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-            ssl: ssl
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-            module_type: dynamic
+          #        include:
+          #          # Wasmtime
+          #          - runtime: wasmtime
+          #            wasmtime: 8.0.1
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            ngx: 1.25.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: hup
+          #          # V8
+          #          - runtime: v8
+          #            v8: 11.4.183.23
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            ngx: 1.25.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: no_hup
+          #          # Old Nginx
+          #          - label: old_nginx
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            ngx: 1.21.6
+          #            runtime: wasmer
+          #            wasmer: 3.1.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: no_hup
+          #          # Nginx + dynamic ngx_wasm_module + HUP
+          #          - label: dynamic_nginx
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            ngx: 1.25.1
+          #            runtime: wasmtime
+          #            wasmtime: 8.0.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: hup
+          #            module_type: dynamic
+          #          # No SSL
+          #          - os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            ngx: 1.25.1
+          #            runtime: wasmer
+          #            wasmer: 3.1.1
+          #            ssl: no_ssl
+          #            debug: no_debug
+          #            hup: no_hup
+          #          # OpenResty
+          #          - label: openresty
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            openresty: 1.21.4.1
+          #            runtime: wasmtime
+          #            wasmtime: 8.0.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: no_hup
+          #          # OpenResty + dynamic ngx_wasm_module
+          #          - label: dynamic_openresty
+          #            os: ubuntu-latest
+          #            cc: gcc-9
+          #            openresty: 1.21.4.1
+          #            runtime: wasmtime
+          #            wasmtime: 8.0.1
+          #            ssl: ssl
+          #            debug: debug
+          #            hup: no_hup
+          #            module_type: dynamic
     uses: ./.github/workflows/job-unit-tests.yml
     with:
       os: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -129,161 +130,161 @@ jobs:
           parallel-finished: true
           carryforward: 'unit-ngx_1.25.1-wasmer-ssl-debug-no_hup-static,unit-ngx_1.25.1-wasmer-ssl-no_debug-no_hup-static,unit-ngx_1.25.1-wasmtime-ssl-debug-hup-static,unit-ngx_1.25.1-wasmtime-ssl-debug-hup-dynamic,unit-ngx_1.25.1-v8-ssl-debug-no_hup-static,unit-ngx_1.21.6-wasmer-ssl-debug-no_hup-static,unit-ngx_1.25.1-wasmer-no_ssl-no_debug-no_hup-static,unit-openresty_1.21.4.1-wasmtime-ssl-debug-no_hup-static,unit-openresty_1.21.4.1-wasmtime-ssl-debug-no_hup-dynamic'
 
-  valgrind:
-    name: 'Valgrind'
-    #if: ${{ false }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        label: [""]
-        os: [ubuntu-22.04]
-        cc: [gcc-10]
-        ngx: [1.25.1]
-        openresty: [""]
-        runtime: [wasmer]
-        wasmtime: [""]
-        wasmer: [3.1.1]
-        v8: [""]
-        hup: [no_hup, hup]
-        debug: [debug]
-        include:
-          # Wasmtime
-          - runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-            os: ubuntu-22.04
-            cc: gcc-10
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            hup: no_hup
-            debug: debug
-          # V8
-          - runtime: v8
-            v8: 11.4.183.23
-            os: ubuntu-22.04
-            cc: gcc-10
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-          # OpenResty
-          - label: openresty
-            os: ubuntu-22.04
-            cc: gcc-10
-            openresty: 1.21.4.1
-            ngx:
-            runtime: wasmer
-            wasmer: 3.1.1
-            debug: debug
-            hup: no_hup
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/job-valgrind-tests.yml
-    with:
-      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
-      cc: ${{ matrix.cc }}
-      ngx: ${{ matrix.ngx }}
-      openresty: ${{ matrix.openresty }}
-      runtime: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
-      wasmtime: ${{ matrix.wasmtime }}
-      wasmer: ${{ matrix.wasmer }}
-      v8: ${{ matrix.v8 }}
-      hup: ${{ matrix.hup }}
-      debug: ${{ matrix.debug }}
-
-  lint:
-    name: 'Lint'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
-        with:
-          components: clippy
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
-        with:
-          path: |
-            work/downloads
-          key: lint-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('util/**/*.sh', 'util/**/*.pl', 'util/**/*.awk', '.github/**/*.yml', '.github/**/*.sh', '.github/**/*.js', 'rust-toolchain') }}
-      - run: make setup
-      - run: make lint
-      - uses: actions-rs/clippy-check@v1
-        if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          args: --all-features
-      - run: |
-          if [[ $(make reindex 2>&1 | tee reindex.out | grep -c done) -gt 0 ]]; then
-            cat reindex.out >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-  analyzer:
-    name: 'Clang analyzer'
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        cc: [clang-11]
-        openresty: [1.21.4.1]
-        runtime: [wasmtime, wasmer, v8]
-        wasmtime: [8.0.1]
-        wasmer: [3.1.1]
-        v8: [11.4.183.23]
-        ssl: [ssl]
-        debug: [debug, no_debug]
-        include:
-          # No SSL
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: clang-11
-            ngx: 1.25.1
-            runtime: wasmer
-            wasmer: 3.1.1
-            ssl: no_ssl
-            debug: debug
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/job-clang-analyzer.yml
-    with:
-      cc: ${{ matrix.cc }}
-      ngx: ${{ matrix.ngx }}
-      openresty: ${{ matrix.openresty }}
-      runtime: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
-      wasmtime: ${{ matrix.wasmtime }}
-      wasmer: ${{ matrix.wasmer }}
-      v8: ${{ matrix.v8 }}
-      ssl: ${{ matrix.ssl }}
-      debug: ${{ matrix.debug }}
-
-  build:
-    name: 'Test builds'
-    #if: ${{ false }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    timeout-minutes: 45
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        label: [""]
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        cc: [clang-14, gcc-10]
-        ngx: [1.25.1]
-        runtime: [wasmtime, wasmer, v8]
-        wasmtime: [8.0.1]
-        wasmer: [3.1.1]
-        v8: [11.4.183.23]
-        include:
-          - label: old_nginx
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            cc: clang-14
-            ngx: 1.21.6
-            runtime: wasmtime
-            wasmtime: 8.0.1
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: 'Setup cache - work/ dir'
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
-        with:
-          path: |
-            work/downloads
-            work/runtimes
-            work/openssl
-          key: work-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.cc }}-${{ matrix.ngx }}-${{ matrix.openresty }}-${{ matrix.runtime }}-${{ hashFiles('util/**/*.sh', 'util/**/*.pl', 'util/**/*.awk', '.github/**/*.yml', '.github/**/*.sh', '.github/**/*.js', 'rust-toolchain') }}
-      - name: Setup Wasm runtime
-        run: ./util/runtime.sh -R ${{ matrix.runtime }} -V ${{ matrix[matrix.runtime] }}
-      - run: make setup
-      - run: make test-build
-        env:
-          NGX_WASM_RUNTIME: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
+            #   valgrind:
+            #     name: 'Valgrind'
+            #     #if: ${{ false }}
+            #     strategy:
+            #       fail-fast: false
+            #       matrix:
+            #         label: [""]
+            #         os: [ubuntu-22.04]
+            #         cc: [gcc-10]
+            #         ngx: [1.25.1]
+            #         openresty: [""]
+            #         runtime: [wasmer]
+            #         wasmtime: [""]
+            #         wasmer: [3.1.1]
+            #         v8: [""]
+            #         hup: [no_hup, hup]
+            #         debug: [debug]
+            #         include:
+            #           # Wasmtime
+            #           - runtime: wasmtime
+            #             wasmtime: 8.0.1
+            #             os: ubuntu-22.04
+            #             cc: gcc-10
+            #             ngx: 1.25.1
+            #             hup: no_hup
+            #             debug: debug
+            #           # V8
+            #           - runtime: v8
+            #             v8: 11.4.183.23
+            #             os: ubuntu-22.04
+            #             cc: gcc-10
+            #             ngx: 1.25.1
+            #             debug: debug
+            #             hup: no_hup
+            #           # OpenResty
+            #           - label: openresty
+            #             os: ubuntu-22.04
+            #             cc: gcc-10
+            #             openresty: 1.21.4.1
+            #             ngx:
+            #             runtime: wasmer
+            #             wasmer: 3.1.1
+            #             debug: debug
+            #             hup: no_hup
+            #     uses: ./.github/workflows/job-valgrind-tests.yml
+            #     with:
+            #       os: ${{ matrix.os }}
+            #       cc: ${{ matrix.cc }}
+            #       ngx: ${{ matrix.ngx }}
+            #       openresty: ${{ matrix.openresty }}
+            #       runtime: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
+            #       wasmtime: ${{ matrix.wasmtime }}
+            #       wasmer: ${{ matrix.wasmer }}
+            #       v8: ${{ matrix.v8 }}
+            #       hup: ${{ matrix.hup }}
+            #       debug: ${{ matrix.debug }}
+            # 
+            #   lint:
+            #     name: 'Lint'
+            #     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+            #     steps:
+            #       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+            #       - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+            #         with:
+            #           components: clippy
+            #       - uses: actions/cache@v3
+            #         if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
+            #         with:
+            #           path: |
+            #             work/downloads
+            #           key: lint-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('util/**/*.sh', 'util/**/*.pl', 'util/**/*.awk', '.github/**/*.yml', '.github/**/*.sh', '.github/**/*.js', 'rust-toolchain') }}
+            #       - run: make setup
+            #       - run: make lint
+            #       - uses: actions-rs/clippy-check@v1
+            #         if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
+            #         with:
+            #           token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+            #           args: --all-features
+            #       - run: |
+            #           if [[ $(make reindex 2>&1 | tee reindex.out | grep -c done) -gt 0 ]]; then
+            #             cat reindex.out >&2
+            #             exit 1
+            #           fi
+            # 
+            #   analyzer:
+            #     name: 'Clang analyzer'
+            #     strategy:
+            #       fail-fast: false
+            #       matrix:
+            #         cc: [clang-11]
+            #         openresty: [1.21.4.1]
+            #         runtime: [wasmtime, wasmer, v8]
+            #         wasmtime: [8.0.1]
+            #         wasmer: [3.1.1]
+            #         v8: [11.4.183.23]
+            #         ssl: [ssl]
+            #         debug: [debug, no_debug]
+            #         include:
+            #           # No SSL
+            #           - os: ubuntu-latest
+            #             cc: clang-11
+            #             ngx: 1.25.1
+            #             runtime: wasmer
+            #             wasmer: 3.1.1
+            #             ssl: no_ssl
+            #             debug: debug
+            #     uses: ./.github/workflows/job-clang-analyzer.yml
+            #     with:
+            #       cc: ${{ matrix.cc }}
+            #       ngx: ${{ matrix.ngx }}
+            #       openresty: ${{ matrix.openresty }}
+            #       runtime: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
+            #       wasmtime: ${{ matrix.wasmtime }}
+            #       wasmer: ${{ matrix.wasmer }}
+            #       v8: ${{ matrix.v8 }}
+            #       ssl: ${{ matrix.ssl }}
+            #       debug: ${{ matrix.debug }}
+            # 
+            #   build:
+            #     name: 'Test builds'
+            #     #if: ${{ false }}
+            #     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+            #     timeout-minutes: 45
+            #     strategy:
+            #       fail-fast: false
+            #       matrix:
+            #         label: [""]
+            #         os: [ubuntu-latest]
+            #         cc: [clang-14, gcc-10]
+            #         ngx: [1.25.1]
+            #         runtime: [wasmtime, wasmer, v8]
+            #         wasmtime: [8.0.1]
+            #         wasmer: [3.1.1]
+            #         v8: [11.4.183.23]
+            #         include:
+            #           - label: old_nginx
+            #             os: ubuntu-latest
+            #             cc: clang-14
+            #             ngx: 1.21.6
+            #             runtime: wasmtime
+            #             wasmtime: 8.0.1
+            #     steps:
+            #       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+            #       - name: 'Setup cache - work/ dir'
+            #         uses: actions/cache@v3
+            #         if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
+            #         with:
+            #           path: |
+            #             work/downloads
+            #             work/runtimes
+            #             work/openssl
+            #           key: work-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.cc }}-${{ matrix.ngx }}-${{ matrix.openresty }}-${{ matrix.runtime }}-${{ hashFiles('util/**/*.sh', 'util/**/*.pl', 'util/**/*.awk', '.github/**/*.yml', '.github/**/*.sh', '.github/**/*.js', 'rust-toolchain') }}
+            #       - name: Setup Wasm runtime
+            #         run: ./util/runtime.sh -R ${{ matrix.runtime }} -V ${{ matrix[matrix.runtime] }}
+            #       - run: make setup
+            #       - run: make test-build
+            #         env:
+            #           NGX_WASM_RUNTIME: ${{ matrix.runtime }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/job-unit-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/job-unit-tests.yml
index 3a4f80ed6..e6c9b0813 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/job-unit-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/job-unit-tests.yml
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ env:
   TEST_NGINX_USE_HUP: ${{ inputs.hup == 'hup' && 1 || 0 }}
   TEST_NGINX_TIMEOUT: 60
   TEST_NGINX_EXTERNAL_TIMEOUT: 120s
+  TEST_NGINX_EXTERNAL_RESOLVER: 127.0.0.1
 
 jobs:
   tests:
@@ -72,6 +73,9 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ inputs.cc == 'gcc-9' }}
         run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y gcc-9 libstdc++-9-dev lcov
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-echo-server
+        with:
+          echo_server_name: 'httpbin.org'
       - name: 'Setup cache - rustup toolchain'
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         if: ${{ !env.ACT }}
@@ -103,6 +107,10 @@ jobs:
         run: ./util/runtime.sh -R ${{ inputs.runtime }} -V ${{ inputs[inputs.runtime] }}
       - run: make setup
       - run: make
+      - name: Setup tmate session
+        uses: mxschmitt/action-tmate@v3
+        with:
+          limit-access-to-actor: true
       - run: make test
       - name: Run lcov
         id: lcov