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<!DOCTYPE html><html>
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<title>Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems ModelingLanguage SpecificationVersion 3.4</title>
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<span class="ltx_ref ltx_ref_self"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title">Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling<span class="ltx_text"> </span>Language Specification<span class="ltx_text"> </span>Version 3.4</span></span>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter"><a href="Chx1.html" title="Preface ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title">Preface</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter"><a href="Ch1.html" title="Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1 </span>Introduction</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter"><a href="Ch2.html" title="Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2 </span>Lexical Structure</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter"><a href="Ch3.html" title="Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3 </span>Operators and Expressions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter"><a href="Ch4.html" title="Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4 </span>Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations</span></a></li>
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<h1 class="ltx_title ltx_title_document">Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling
<br class="ltx_break">Language Specification
<br class="ltx_break">Version 3.4</h1>
<div class="ltx_authors">
<span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author">
<span class="ltx_personname"><img src="media%5Cimage1.png" id="g1" class="ltx_graphics" width="379" height="190" alt="">
<br class="ltx_break">Modelica Association
</span></span>
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<div class="ltx_date ltx_role_creation">October 10, 2017</div>
<div class="ltx_abstract">
<h6 class="ltx_title ltx_title_abstract">Abstract</h6>
<p class="ltx_p">This document defines the Modelica<span class="ltx_note ltx_role_footnote"><sup class="ltx_note_mark">1</sup><span class="ltx_note_outer"><span class="ltx_note_content"><sup class="ltx_note_mark">1</sup>Modelica is a registered
trademark of the Modelica Association</span></span></span> language, version 3.4, which is
developed by the Modelica Association, a non-profit organization with
seat in Linköping, Sweden. Modelica is a freely available,
object-oriented language for modeling of large, complex, and
heterogeneous systems. It is suited for multi-domain modeling, for
example, mechatronic models in robotics, automotive and aerospace
applications involving mechanical, electrical, hydraulic control and
state machine subsystems, process oriented applications and generation
and distribution of electric power. Models in Modelica are
mathematically described by differential, algebraic and discrete
equations. No particular variable needs to be solved for manually. A
Modelica tool will have enough information to decide that automatically.
Modelica is designed such that available, specialized algorithms can be
utilized to enable efficient handling of large models having more than
one hundred thousand equations. Modelica is suited and used for
hardware-in-the-loop simulations and for embedded control systems. More
information is available at
<a href="http://www.modelica.org/" title="" class="ltx_ref">http://www.Modelica.org/</a></p>
</div>
<div id="p1" class="ltx_para">
<p class="ltx_p">Copyright © 1998-2015, Modelica Association (https://www.modelica.org)</p>
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<p class="ltx_p">All rights reserved. Reproduction or use of editorial or pictorial
content is permitted, i.e., this document can be freely distributed
especially electronically, provided the copyright notice and these
conditions are retained. No patent liability is assumed with respect to
the use of information contained herein. While every precaution has been
taken in the preparation of this document no responsibility for errors
or omissions is assumed.</p>
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<div id="p3" class="ltx_para">
<p class="ltx_p">The contributors to this and to previous versions of this document are
listed in Appendix E. All contributors worked voluntarily and without
compensation.</p>
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<div class="ltx_TOC ltx_role_contents">
<h6>Contents:</h6>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter">
<a href="Ch1.html" title="Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1 </span>Introduction</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_chapter">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch1.html#S1" title="1.1 Overview of Modelica ‣ Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1.1 </span>Overview of Modelica</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch1.html#S2" title="1.2 Scope of the Specification ‣ Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1.2 </span>Scope of the Specification</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch1.html#S3" title="1.3 Some Definitions ‣ Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1.3 </span>Some Definitions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch1.html#S4" title="1.4 Notation and Grammar ‣ Chapter 1 Introduction ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">1.4 </span>Notation and Grammar</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter">
<a href="Ch2.html" title="Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2 </span>Lexical Structure</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_chapter">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch2.html#S1" title="2.1 Character Set ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.1 </span>Character Set</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch2.html#S2" title="2.2 Comments ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.2 </span>Comments</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section">
<a href="Ch2.html#S3" title="2.3 Identifiers, Names, and Keywords ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.3 </span>Identifiers, Names, and Keywords</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S3.SS1" title="2.3.1 Identifiers ‣ 2.3 Identifiers, Names, and Keywords ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.3.1 </span>Identifiers</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S3.SS2" title="2.3.2 Names ‣ 2.3 Identifiers, Names, and Keywords ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.3.2 </span>Names</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S3.SS3" title="2.3.3 Modelica Keywords ‣ 2.3 Identifiers, Names, and Keywords ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.3.3 </span>Modelica Keywords</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section">
<a href="Ch2.html#S4" title="2.4 Literal Constants ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.4 </span>Literal Constants</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S4.SS1" title="2.4.1 Floating Point Numbers ‣ 2.4 Literal Constants ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.4.1 </span>Floating Point Numbers</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S4.SS2" title="2.4.2 Integer Literals ‣ 2.4 Literal Constants ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.4.2 </span>Integer Literals</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S4.SS3" title="2.4.3 Boolean Literals ‣ 2.4 Literal Constants ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.4.3 </span>Boolean Literals</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch2.html#S4.SS4" title="2.4.4 Strings ‣ 2.4 Literal Constants ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.4.4 </span>Strings</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch2.html#S5" title="2.5 Operator Symbols ‣ Chapter 2 Lexical Structure ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">2.5 </span>Operator Symbols</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_chapter">
<a href="Ch3.html" title="Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3 </span>Operators and Expressions</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_chapter">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch3.html#S1" title="3.1 Expressions ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.1 </span>Expressions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch3.html#S2" title="3.2 Operator Precedence and Associativity ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.2 </span>Operator Precedence and Associativity</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section">
<a href="Ch3.html#S3" title="3.3 Evaluation Order ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.3 </span>Evaluation Order</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S3.SS1" title="3.3.1 Example: Guarding Expressions Against Incorrect Evaluation ‣ 3.3 Evaluation Order ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.3.1 </span>Example: Guarding Expressions Against Incorrect Evaluation</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch3.html#S4" title="3.4 Arithmetic Operators ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.4 </span>Arithmetic Operators</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch3.html#S5" title="3.5 Equality, Relational, and Logical Operators ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.5 </span>Equality, Relational, and Logical Operators</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section">
<a href="Ch3.html#S6" title="3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6 </span>Miscellaneous Operators and Variables</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS1" title="3.6.1 String Concatenation ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.1 </span>String Concatenation</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS2" title="3.6.2 Array Constructor Operator ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.2 </span>Array Constructor Operator</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS3" title="3.6.3 Array Concatenation Operator ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.3 </span>Array Concatenation Operator</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS4" title="3.6.4 Array Range Operator ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.4 </span>Array Range Operator</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS5" title="3.6.5 If-Expressions ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.5 </span>If-Expressions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS6" title="3.6.6 Member Access Operator ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.6 </span>Member Access Operator</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S6.SS7" title="3.6.7 Built-in Variable time ‣ 3.6 Miscellaneous Operators and Variables ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.6.7 </span>Built-in Variable time</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section">
<a href="Ch3.html#S7" title="3.7 Built-in Intrinsic Operators with Function Syntax ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.7 </span>Built-in Intrinsic Operators with Function Syntax</span></a>
<ul class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section">
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S7.SS1" title="3.7.1 Numeric Functions and Conversion Functions ‣ 3.7 Built-in Intrinsic Operators with Function Syntax ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.7.1 </span>Numeric Functions and Conversion Functions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S7.SS2" title="3.7.2 Derivative and Special Purpose Operators with Function Syntax ‣ 3.7 Built-in Intrinsic Operators with Function Syntax ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.7.2 </span>Derivative and Special Purpose Operators with Function Syntax</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S7.SS3" title="3.7.3 Event-Related Operators with Function Syntax ‣ 3.7 Built-in Intrinsic Operators with Function Syntax ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.7.3 </span>Event-Related Operators with Function Syntax</span></a></li>
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<a href="Ch3.html#S8" title="3.8 Variability of Expressions ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.8 </span>Variability of Expressions</span></a>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S8.SS1" title="3.8.1 Constant Expressions ‣ 3.8 Variability of Expressions ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.8.1 </span>Constant Expressions</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch3.html#S8.SS2" title="3.8.2 Parameter Expressions ‣ 3.8 Variability of Expressions ‣ Chapter 3 Operators and Expressions ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">3.8.2 </span>Parameter Expressions</span></a></li>
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<a href="Ch4.html" title="Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4 </span>Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations</span></a>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch4.html#S1" title="4.1 Access Control – Public and Protected Elements ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.1 </span>Access Control – Public and Protected Elements</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch4.html#S2" title="4.2 Double Declaration not Allowed ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.2 </span>Double Declaration not Allowed</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch4.html#S3" title="4.3 Declaration Order and Usage before Declaration ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.3 </span>Declaration Order and Usage before Declaration</span></a></li>
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<a href="Ch4.html#S4" title="4.4 Component Declarations ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.4 </span>Component Declarations</span></a>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S4.SS1" title="4.4.1 Syntax and Examples of Component Declarations ‣ 4.4 Component Declarations ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.4.1 </span>Syntax and Examples of Component Declarations</span></a></li>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S4.SS5" title="4.4.5 Conditional Component Declaration ‣ 4.4 Component Declarations ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.4.5 </span>Conditional Component Declaration</span></a></li>
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<a href="Ch4.html#S5" title="4.5 Class Declarations ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.5 </span>Class Declarations</span></a>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"><a href="Ch4.html#S6" title="4.6 Specialized Classes ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.6 </span>Specialized Classes</span></a></li>
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<a href="Ch4.html#S8" title="4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8 </span>Predefined Types</span></a>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S8.SS1" title="4.8.1 Real Type ‣ 4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8.1 </span>Real Type</span></a></li>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S8.SS4" title="4.8.4 String Type ‣ 4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8.4 </span>String Type</span></a></li>
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<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S8.SS6" title="4.8.6 Clock Types ‣ 4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8.6 </span>Clock Types</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S8.SS7" title="4.8.7 Attributes start, fixed, nominal, and unbounded ‣ 4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8.7 </span>Attributes start, fixed, nominal, and unbounded</span></a></li>
<li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a href="Ch4.html#S8.SS8" title="4.8.8 Other Predefined Types ‣ 4.8 Predefined Types ‣ Chapter 4 Classes, Predefined Types, and Declarations ‣ Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Systems Modeling Language Specification Version 3.4" class="ltx_ref"><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">4.8.8 </span>Other Predefined Types</span></a></li>
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