sine applications receipt

ncl/receipts/sine_trigonometry.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "e630c395-5419-4786-84fe-94bc0f0abbdc",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Sine Trigonometry"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "76d06808-871e-424f-b5d6-7679bf4a92a4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "---"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "b369aa9f-bc82-4d84-9390-c8fed479b9c6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Overview\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Sine is a trigonometric function equal to the opposite side of a right triangle and divided by the hypotenuse\n",
+    "\n",
+    "```\n",
+    "sin(Θ) = length of opposite side / length of hypotenuse\n",
+    "```"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "0725f24c-2edd-4f96-aa85-d871a5457748",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## [sine in NCL](https://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Document/Functions/Built-in/sin.shtml)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "```\n",
+    "function sin (\n",
+    "\tvalue  : numeric   \n",
+    ")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Return value [dimsizes(value)] as float or double\n",
+    "```\n",
+    "### Input Values\n",
+    "Input value of  one or more values of any dimension (in radians)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### Return Value\n",
+    "Returns an array dimensioned the same as the input value. The return type is double if the input is double, and float otherwise\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### NCL Example:\n",
+    "```\n",
+    "sin_f = sin(0.5)\n",
+    "print(sin_f)\n",
+    "```\n",
+    "Returned value is 0.4794255"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "0d460cdf-cf91-4ad4-8ea1-872a15cc2926",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Sine in Python\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Sine is both a built-in function in Python (that requires no additional packages) as well as part of the common Python package Numpy\n",
+    "\n",
+    "- Built-in Math Function\n",
+    "- Numpy Sine Function"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "fd87eed0-c2ea-4b7c-97c4-1f8f0bc22c6a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## [Built-In Math Function](https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html#math.sin)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "When working with sine in Python, the input value is in radians\n",
+    "\n",
+    "- Input: single input values (float, decimals, integars)\n",
+    "- Returns: the sine of inputs in radians"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "id": "6966eb6b-1861-4084-bcf9-9fe91c75aa3e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.479425538604203\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "value = 0.5  # radians\n",
+    "math_sin_value = math.sin(value)\n",
+    "print(math_sin_value)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "42cd2476-00a3-4f29-a8be-ab19af9f5c69",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## [Numpy Sine Value](https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.sin.html)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "When working with sine in Numpy, the input value is in radians. One advantage of working with numpy is working with more than a single input. Numpy accepts input values of floats, decimals, and arrays.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Numpy input: array_list values (floats, integars, arrays, lists, etc..)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Returns: the sine of each element of the input in radians"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "id": "e6352b3b-57c1-456c-806f-39fc132d2a1d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.479425538604203\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Input: Single Value\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "value = 0.5  # radians\n",
+    "np_sin_value = np.sin(value)\n",
+    "print(np_sin_value)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "id": "c4e73813-067c-425d-8a31-35d894d9e199",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[0.47942554 0.84147098 0.99749499]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Input: List\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "values = [0.5, 1.0, 1.5]\n",
+    "np_sin_list_values = np.sin(values)\n",
+    "print(np_sin_list_values)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "id": "5008e1ac-4988-41e5-bef3-4d60fce22ef8",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[0.47942554 0.84147098 0.99749499]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Input: Array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "values = np.array([0.5, 1.0, 1.5])\n",
+    "np_sin_array_values = np.sin(values)\n",
+    "print(np_sin_array_values)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "599bffbb-4220-4640-b667-ac892585017d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Helpful Tip\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Convert from degrees to radians and radians to degrees with Numpy functions\n",
+    "\n",
+    "- [np.rad2deg](https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.rad2deg.html): Convert angles from radians to degrees\n",
+    "- [np.deg2rad]((https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.deg2rad.html): Convert angles from degrees to radians"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "id": "a496ad9d-d54a-42e1-a25b-370e6f646706",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.6108652381980153\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# sine requires a value in radians\n",
+    "value_in_degrees = 35  # degrees\n",
+    "value_in_radians = np.deg2rad(value_in_degrees)\n",
+    "print(value_in_radians)  # radians"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "ea71d621-707b-402a-83b7-b72b87cdc869",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Further Reading\n",
+    "\n",
+    "- [Built-in sine math function](https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html#math.sin)\n",
+    "- [Numpy sine function](https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.sin.html)\n",
+    "- [NCL sine function](https://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Document/Functions/Built-in/sin.shtml)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.11.8"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}