按照软件测试用例的设计方法，我们可以从两个细分维度进行分类——静态或是动态，白盒或是黑盒。首先是几种测试方法的定义：
- Dynamic analysis: execute the program to see if it behaves correctly
- Static analysis: check the correctness without executing the program
- White box testing
- Test based on code
- 看代码本身
- Test covers as much implemented behaviors as possible
- Black box testing
- Test based on specification
- 不看代码，看产品规格说明书
- Test covers as much specified behaviors as possible
接下来，我们通过一个表格和四个小节详细介绍表格中的四个软件测试方法。
| 测试种类 | 静态 | 动态 |
|---|---|---|
| 白盒测试 | 代码审查 | 结构覆盖 |
| 黑盒测试 | 文档审查 | 功能覆盖 |