diff --git a/dev-helper/src/painter_backend_eq_image_test.rs b/dev-helper/src/painter_backend_eq_image_test.rs
index b7181e5b1..a58b16972 100644
--- a/dev-helper/src/painter_backend_eq_image_test.rs
+++ b/dev-helper/src/painter_backend_eq_image_test.rs
@@ -110,13 +110,6 @@ pub fn assert_texture_eq_png(img: PixelImage, file_path: &std::path::Path) {
   }
 }
 
-// todo: Fix me, it looks like a wgpu bug? Windows systems may hang threads when
-// using multiple WgpuImpl in tests.
-// it's a temporary solution: manually lock SINGLETON_WGPU_GUARD to prevent
-// multiple WgpuImpl in your tests.
-pub static SINGLETON_WGPU_GUARD: once_cell::sync::Lazy<std::sync::Mutex<()>> =
-  once_cell::sync::Lazy::new(|| std::sync::Mutex::new(()));
-
 /// Render painter by wgpu backend, and return the image.
 pub fn wgpu_render_commands(
   commands: Vec<ribir_painter::PaintCommand>, viewport: ribir_geom::DeviceRect,
@@ -127,7 +120,6 @@ pub fn wgpu_render_commands(
   use ribir_gpu::{GPUBackend, GPUBackendImpl, Texture};
   use ribir_painter::{AntiAliasing, PainterBackend};
 
-  let _guard = SINGLETON_WGPU_GUARD.lock().unwrap();
   let mut gpu_impl = block_on(ribir_gpu::WgpuImpl::headless());
 
   let rect = DeviceRect::from_size(DeviceSize::new(viewport.max_x() + 2, viewport.max_y() + 2));
diff --git a/gpu/src/gpu_backend.rs b/gpu/src/gpu_backend.rs
index f315fdddd..22fe6a886 100644
--- a/gpu/src/gpu_backend.rs
+++ b/gpu/src/gpu_backend.rs
@@ -546,14 +546,6 @@ mod tests {
   use ribir_painter::{Brush, Painter, Path, Svg};
 
   use super::*;
-  use crate::WgpuImpl;
-
-  pub fn headless() -> (WgpuImpl, std::sync::MutexGuard<'static, ()>) {
-    use futures::executor::block_on;
-    let _guard = SINGLETON_WGPU_GUARD.lock().unwrap();
-    let gpu_impl = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
-    (gpu_impl, _guard)
-  }
 
   fn painter(bounds: Size) -> Painter { Painter::new(Rect::from_size(bounds)) }
 
diff --git a/gpu/src/gpu_backend/atlas.rs b/gpu/src/gpu_backend/atlas.rs
index ae2fe899b..2a54c94d4 100644
--- a/gpu/src/gpu_backend/atlas.rs
+++ b/gpu/src/gpu_backend/atlas.rs
@@ -198,10 +198,10 @@ mod tests {
   use futures::executor::block_on;
 
   use super::*;
-  use crate::{gpu_backend::tests::headless, WgpuTexture};
+  use crate::{WgpuImpl, WgpuTexture};
   #[test]
   fn atlas_grow_to_alloc() {
-    let (mut gpu_impl, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut gpu_impl = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut atlas =
       Atlas::<WgpuTexture, _, _>::new("_", ColorFormat::Alpha8, AntiAliasing::None, &mut gpu_impl);
     let size = DeviceSize::new(ATLAS_MIN_SIZE.width + 1, 16);
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn resource_clear() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut atlas =
       Atlas::<WgpuTexture, _, _>::new("_", ColorFormat::Rgba8, AntiAliasing::None, &mut wgpu);
     atlas.allocate(1, (), DeviceSize::new(32, 32), &mut wgpu);
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn fix_scale_path_cache_miss() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut atlas =
       Atlas::<WgpuTexture, _, _>::new("_", ColorFormat::Rgba8, AntiAliasing::None, &mut wgpu);
     atlas.allocate(1, (), DeviceSize::new(32, 32), &mut wgpu);
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn fix_atlas_expand_overlap() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut atlas =
       Atlas::<WgpuTexture, _, _>::new("_", ColorFormat::Alpha8, AntiAliasing::None, &mut wgpu);
     let icon = DeviceSize::new(32, 32);
diff --git a/gpu/src/gpu_backend/textures_mgr.rs b/gpu/src/gpu_backend/textures_mgr.rs
index c5a32deeb..e33f98c86 100644
--- a/gpu/src/gpu_backend/textures_mgr.rs
+++ b/gpu/src/gpu_backend/textures_mgr.rs
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ pub mod tests {
   use ribir_painter::Color;
 
   use super::*;
-  use crate::{gpu_backend::tests::headless, WgpuImpl, WgpuTexture};
+  use crate::{WgpuImpl, WgpuTexture};
 
   pub fn color_image(color: Color, width: u32, height: u32) -> ShareResource<PixelImage> {
     let data = std::iter::repeat(color.into_components())
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ pub mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn smoke_store_image() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut mgr = TexturesMgr::new(&mut wgpu, AntiAliasing::None);
 
     let red_img = color_image(Color::RED, 32, 32);
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ pub mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn transform_path_share_cache() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut mgr = TexturesMgr::<WgpuTexture>::new(&mut wgpu, AntiAliasing::None);
 
     let path1 = Path::rect(&rect(0., 0., 300., 300.));
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ pub mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn store_clipped_path() {
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut mgr = TexturesMgr::<WgpuTexture>::new(&mut wgpu, AntiAliasing::None);
 
     let path = PaintPath::new(
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ pub mod tests {
     // because the next resource may allocate at same address of a deallocated
     // address.
 
-    let (mut wgpu, _guard) = headless();
+    let mut wgpu = block_on(WgpuImpl::headless());
     let mut mgr = TexturesMgr::<WgpuTexture>::new(&mut wgpu, AntiAliasing::None);
     {
       let red_img = color_image(Color::RED, 32, 32);