comments | difficulty | edit_url | tags | |
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中等 |
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表: Customers
+---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | customer_id | int | | name | varchar | +---------------+---------+ customer_id 是该表主键. 该表包含消费者的信息.
表: Orders
+---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | order_id | int | | order_date | date | | customer_id | int | | product_id | int | +---------------+---------+ order_id 是该表主键. 该表包含消费者customer_id产生的订单. 不会有商品被相同的用户在一天内下单超过一次.
表: Products
+---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | product_id | int | | product_name | varchar | | price | int | +---------------+---------+ product_id 是该表主键. 该表包含所有商品的信息.
写一个解决方案, 找到每件商品的最新订单(可能有多个).
返回的结果以 product_name
升序排列, 如果有排序相同, 再以 product_id
升序排列. 如果还有排序相同, 再以 order_id
升序排列.
查询结果格式如下例所示。
示例 1:
输入:Customers表:
+-------------+-----------+ | customer_id | name | +-------------+-----------+ | 1 | Winston | | 2 | Jonathan | | 3 | Annabelle | | 4 | Marwan | | 5 | Khaled | +-------------+-----------+Orders表:
+----------+------------+-------------+------------+ | order_id | order_date | customer_id | product_id | +----------+------------+-------------+------------+ | 1 | 2020-07-31 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | 2020-07-30 | 2 | 2 | | 3 | 2020-08-29 | 3 | 3 | | 4 | 2020-07-29 | 4 | 1 | | 5 | 2020-06-10 | 1 | 2 | | 6 | 2020-08-01 | 2 | 1 | | 7 | 2020-08-01 | 3 | 1 | | 8 | 2020-08-03 | 1 | 2 | | 9 | 2020-08-07 | 2 | 3 | | 10 | 2020-07-15 | 1 | 2 | +----------+------------+-------------+------------+Products表:
+------------+--------------+-------+ | product_id | product_name | price | +------------+--------------+-------+ | 1 | keyboard | 120 | | 2 | mouse | 80 | | 3 | screen | 600 | | 4 | hard disk | 450 | +------------+--------------+-------+ 输出: +--------------+------------+----------+------------+ | product_name | product_id | order_id | order_date | +--------------+------------+----------+------------+ | keyboard | 1 | 6 | 2020-08-01 | | keyboard | 1 | 7 | 2020-08-01 | | mouse | 2 | 8 | 2020-08-03 | | screen | 3 | 3 | 2020-08-29 | +--------------+------------+----------+------------+ 解释: keyboard 的最新订单在2020-08-01, 在这天有两次下单. mouse 的最新订单在2020-08-03, 在这天只有一次下单. screen 的最新订单在2020-08-29, 在这天只有一次下单. hard disk 没有被下单, 我们不把它包含在结果表中.
我们可以使用等值连接,将 Orders
表和 Products
表按照 product_id
连接起来,然后使用窗口函数 rank()
,对 Orders
表中的每个 product_id
进行分组,按照 order_date
降序排列,然后取出每个分组中排名第一的记录。
# Write your MySQL query statement below
WITH
T AS (
SELECT
*,
RANK() OVER (
PARTITION BY product_id
ORDER BY order_date DESC
) AS rk
FROM
Orders
JOIN Products USING (product_id)
)
SELECT product_name, product_id, order_id, order_date
FROM T
WHERE rk = 1
ORDER BY 1, 2, 3;