tutorial4

Arrays, Slices, and Control Structures in Go

This will guide you through some basic concepts in Go, including arrays, slices, and control structures. The code we'll be discussing demonstrates these concepts in a simple and understandable way.

Arrays

In Go, an array is a numbered sequence of elements of a specific length. Here are some ways you can declare an array:

1. Declare an array without initializing elements (all elements get the zero value of the element type):

var intArr [3]int32
fmt.Println(intArr[0]) // prints: 0

2. Declare an array and initialize some or all elements:

var intArr [3]int32
intArr[1] = 123
fmt.Println(intArr[0]) // prints: 0
fmt.Println(intArr[1]) // prints: 123

3. Declare and initialize an array using a literal:

var intArr [3]int32 = [3]int32{1,2,3}
// or
intArr := [3]int32{1,2,3}
// or let Go figure out the length based on the number of elements
intArr := [...]int32{1,2,3}

4. Access a range of elements (a slice of the array):

fmt.Println(intArr[1:3]) // prints: [2 3]

Slices

A slice is a segment of an array. Slices are indexable and have a length. Unlike arrays, they can be resized. Here's how you can declare a slice:

var intSlice []int32 = []int32{4,5,6}

You can append elements to a slice using the append function:

intSlice = append(intSlice, 7)

You can also append another slice to a slice:

var intSlice2 []int32 = []int32{8,9}
intSlice = append(intSlice, intSlice2...)

The ... is used to pass the elements of intSlice2 as separate arguments to the append function.

Maps

A map is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. Here's how you can declare a map:

var myMap map[string]uint8 = make(map[string]uint8)

You can add elements to the map like this:

var myMap2 =  map[string]uint8{"Shikha":24, "Sarah":23, "Kanha":1}

Control Structures

For Loop

Go has only one looping construct: the for loop. The basic for loop has three components separated by semicolons: the init statement, the condition expression, and the post statement.

Here's a for loop that prints the numbers from 0 to 9:

for i:=0; i<10; i++ {
	fmt.Printf("printing number %v \n",i)
}

While Loop

Go doesn't have a while loop, but you can create one using the for loop:

var i int = 0
for i<10{
	fmt.Println(i)
	i=i+1
}

This will print the numbers from 0 to 9, just like the previous for loop.

Checkout the code

• main.go