matplot_tk.py

import math
import numpy as np   
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.pylab import mpl
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg,NavigationToolbar2Tk #NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import tkinter as tk
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  #中文显示
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False      #负号显示
 
class From:
    def __init__(self): 
        self.root=tk.Tk()                    #创建主窗体
        self.canvas=tk.Canvas()              #创建一块显示图形的画布
        self.figure=self.create_matplotlib() #返回matplotlib所画图形的figure对象
        self.create_form(self.figure)        #将figure显示在tkinter窗体上面
        self.root.mainloop()
 
    def create_matplotlib(self):
        #创建绘图对象f
        f=plt.figure(num=2,figsize=(16,12),dpi=80,facecolor="pink",edgecolor='green',frameon=True)
        #创建一副子图
        fig1=plt.subplot(1,1,1)
 
        x=np.arange(0,2*np.pi,0.1)
        y1=np.sin(x)
        y2=np.cos(x)
 
        line1,=fig1.plot(x,y1,color='red',linewidth=3,linestyle='--')    #画第一条线
        line2,=fig1.plot(x,y2) 
        plt.setp(line2,color='black',linewidth=8,linestyle='-',alpha=0.3)#华第二条线
 
        fig1.set_title("这是第一幅图",loc='center',pad=20,fontsize='xx-large',color='red')    #设置标题
        line1.set_label("正弦曲线")                                                           #确定图例
        fig1.legend(['正弦','余弦'],loc='upper left',facecolor='green',frameon=True,shadow=True,framealpha=0.5,fontsize='xx-large')
 
        fig1.set_xlabel('横坐标')                                                             #确定坐标轴标题
        fig1.set_ylabel("纵坐标")
        fig1.set_yticks([-1,-1/2,0,1/2,1])                                                   #设置坐标轴刻度
        fig1.grid(which='major',axis='x',color='r', linestyle='-', linewidth=2)              #设置网格
        
        return f
 
    def create_form(self,figure):
        #把绘制的图形显示到tkinter窗口上
        self.canvas=FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure,self.root)
        self.canvas.draw()  #以前的版本使用show()方法，matplotlib 2.2之后不再推荐show（）用draw代替，但是用show不会报错，会显示警告
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
 
        #把matplotlib绘制图形的导航工具栏显示到tkinter窗口上
#        toolbar =NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas, self.root) #matplotlib 2.2版本之后推荐使用NavigationToolbar2Tk，若使用NavigationToolbar2TkAgg会警告
#        toolbar.update()
        self.canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
 
if __name__=="__main__":
#    form=From()
    
    root=tk.Tk()                    #创建主窗体
    canvas=tk.Canvas()              #创建一块显示图形的画布
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    for i in range(10):
        line = ax.plot(np.random.randn(450))
#    plt.show(block=False)
    fig.canvas.draw()

    canvas=FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,root)
    canvas.draw()  
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
 

    canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
    tk.Button(root, text = "Click Me!").pack()
    root.mainloop()