lora_finetune_distributed.py

# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.

import os
import sys
import time

from functools import partial
from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple
from warnings import warn

import torch
from omegaconf import DictConfig, ListConfig

from torch import nn
from torch.distributed import destroy_process_group, init_process_group
from torch.distributed.fsdp import (
    FullOptimStateDictConfig,
    FullStateDictConfig,
    FullyShardedDataParallel as FSDP,
    StateDictType,
)
from torch.optim import Optimizer
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, DistributedSampler
from torchtune import config, modules, utils
from torchtune.datasets import ConcatDataset
from torchtune.modules.peft.peft_utils import (
    get_adapter_params,
    get_lora_module_names,
    get_merged_lora_ckpt,
    set_trainable_params,
    validate_state_dict_for_lora,
)
from torchtune.recipe_interfaces import FTRecipeInterface

from tqdm import tqdm

log = utils.get_logger("DEBUG")


class LoRAFinetuneRecipeDistributed(FTRecipeInterface):
    """
    Distributed LoRA finetuning recipe for dense transformer-based LLMs such as Llama2. This recipe supports
    distributed training and can be run on a single node (1 to 8 GPUs).

    Features:
        - FSDP. Supported using PyTorch's FSDP APIs. DDP is currently not supported. Traning on CPU is not
            supported.

        - Activation Checkpointing. This can be controlled using the ``activation_checkpointing``
            flag. Activation checkpointing helps reduce the memory footprint since we no longer keep
            activations in memory and instead recompute them during the backward pass. This is especially
            helpful for larger batch sizes when you're memory constrained. But these savings in memory
            come at the cost of training performance. In most cases training can slow-down quite a bit as
            a result of this activation recomputation.

        - Precision. Full fp32 and bf16 training are supported. Precision is controlled using the ``dtype``
            flag. When ``dtype=bf16``, all activations, gradients and optimizer states are in bfloat16. In
            most cases this should halve the memory footprint of full precision (fp32) training, without
            loss in model quality (will depend on the model, training data and other settings). For
            GPUs which do not support bfloat16, we fall back to fp32. Mixed precision training and fp16
            precision are currently not supported.

        - Gradient Accumulation. You can simulate larger batch sizes by accumulating gradients. This is
            controlled using the ``gradient_accumulation_steps`` flag.

                Total Batch Size = batch_size * number of GPUs * gradient accumulation steps.

            For example: with batch_size=1, nproc_per_node=2 and gradient_accumulation_steps=32 we get a
            total batch size of 64.

            Gradient accumulation is especially useful when you are memory constrained. In this case,
            accumulating gradients might give you better training speed than enabling activation
            checkpointing.

        - Checkpointing. Model weights are checkpointed both at the end of each epoch and at the end of
            training. Currently we checkpoint both the adapter weights (trainable params only) and the
            complete merged weights (adapter weights added back to the base model). For more details
            please take a look at our LoRA tutorial
            (https://pytorch.org/torchtune/main/tutorials/lora_finetune.html).

            Optimizer State and recipe state (seed, total_epochs, number of epochs run etc) are
            only saved at the end of a given epoch and used in case of resuming training. Resuming
            training is controlled by the ``resume_from_checkpoint`` flag. Mid-epoch checkpointing is
            currently not supported.

            For more details on the checkpointer, please take a look at
            our checkpointer deepdive (https://pytorch.org/torchtune/main/tutorials/checkpointer.html).

        - Logging. Terminal, Disk, WandB and TensorBoard are all supported.

    For a full list of example configs for this recipe, run ``tune ls`` on the command line. Each config
    has example commands for how to kick-off training.

    Args:
        cfg (DictConfig): OmegaConf object parsed from yaml file

    Raises:
        ValueError: If ``dtype`` is set to fp16.
        ValueError: If world_size is 1
        RuntimeError: If ``dtype`` is set to bf16 and the hardware does not support bf16.
    """

    def __init__(self, cfg: DictConfig) -> None:
        self._device = utils.get_device(device=cfg.device)
        self._dtype = utils.get_dtype(cfg.dtype, device=self._device)

        if self._dtype == torch.float16:
            raise ValueError(
                "full fp16 training is not supported with this recipe. Please use bf16 or fp32 instead."
            )

        _, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank()

        # _is_rank_zero is used primarily for logging. In the future, the logger
        # should directly take care of this
        self._is_rank_zero = rank == 0

        # logging attributes
        self._output_dir = cfg.output_dir
        self._log_every_n_steps = cfg.get("log_every_n_steps", 1)
        self._log_peak_memory_stats = cfg.get("log_peak_memory_stats", False)

        # training attributes
        self._enable_activation_checkpointing = cfg.enable_activation_checkpointing

        # These attributes constitute the recipe state and are updated by ``load_checkpoint``
        # when ``resume_from_checkpoint`` is ``True``
        self.seed = utils.set_seed(seed=cfg.seed)
        self.epochs_run = 0
        self.total_epochs = cfg.epochs
        self.max_steps_per_epoch = cfg.max_steps_per_epoch
        self.global_step = 0

        self._resume_from_checkpoint = cfg.resume_from_checkpoint
        self._gradient_accumulation_steps = cfg.gradient_accumulation_steps

    def load_checkpoint(self, cfg_checkpointer: DictConfig) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """
        Extract the checkpoint state from file and validate. This includes the
        base model weights. If resume_from_checkpoint is True, this also includes
        the adapter weights and recipe state
        """
        self._checkpointer = config.instantiate(
            cfg_checkpointer,
            resume_from_checkpoint=self._resume_from_checkpoint,
        )
        checkpoint_dict = self._checkpointer.load_checkpoint()

        # When resuming from checkpoint for LoRA, the recipe expects the adapter weights
        # and recipe state to be present. The keys should match up with what ``save_checkpoint``
        # used to create these intermediate checkpoints
        if self._resume_from_checkpoint:
            if utils.ADAPTER_KEY not in checkpoint_dict:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Adapter weights not found. Please ensure a valid adapter checkpoint is provided."
                )
            # _update_recipe_state will throw an exception if the recipe state is not corrctly loaded
            # no need to check here
            self._update_recipe_state(checkpoint_dict)
        return checkpoint_dict

    def _update_recipe_state(self, ckpt_dict: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """
        Updates the recipe state from checkpoint.
        """
        try:
            self.epochs_run = ckpt_dict[utils.EPOCHS_KEY]

            # on mismatch, warn the user and prevent the override
            if self.seed != ckpt_dict[utils.SEED_KEY]:
                warn(
                    message=(
                        "Config value for seed does not match the checkpoint value, "
                        f"using the checkpoint value: {ckpt_dict[utils.SEED_KEY]}"
                    )
                )
                self.seed = ckpt_dict[utils.SEED_KEY]
            if self.max_steps_per_epoch != ckpt_dict[utils.MAX_STEPS_KEY]:
                warn(
                    message=(
                        "Config value for max_steps_per_epoch does not match the checkpoint value, "
                        f"using the checkpoint value: {ckpt_dict[utils.MAX_STEPS_KEY]}"
                    )
                )
                self.max_steps_per_epoch = ckpt_dict[utils.MAX_STEPS_KEY]

            # on mismatch, warn the user but allow the override
            if self.total_epochs != ckpt_dict[utils.TOTAL_EPOCHS_KEY]:
                warn(
                    message=(
                        "Config value for total_epochs does not match the checkpoint value, "
                        f"using the config value: {self.total_epochs}"
                    )
                )

        except KeyError as e:
            raise KeyError(
                "Checkpoint does not contain the required keys needed for updating recipe state. "
                "Are you sure you passed in the right recipe checkpoint?"
            ) from e

    def setup(self, cfg: DictConfig) -> None:
        """
        Setup the recipe state. This includes recipe state (if resume_from_checkpoint is True),
        model, tokenizer, loss, optimizer, learning rate scheduler, sampler, and dataloader.
        """
        if self._is_rank_zero:
            self._metric_logger = config.instantiate(cfg.metric_logger)

            # log config with parameter override
            self._metric_logger.log_config(cfg)

        checkpoint_dict = self.load_checkpoint(cfg_checkpointer=cfg.checkpointer)

        self._model = self._setup_model(
            cfg_model=cfg.model,
            enable_activation_checkpointing=cfg.enable_activation_checkpointing,
            base_model_state_dict=checkpoint_dict[utils.MODEL_KEY],
            lora_weights_state_dict=(
                checkpoint_dict[utils.ADAPTER_KEY]
                if self._resume_from_checkpoint
                else None
            ),
        )
        self._tokenizer = config.instantiate(cfg.tokenizer)

        self._optimizer = self._setup_optimizer(
            cfg_optimizer=cfg.optimizer,
            opt_state_dict=checkpoint_dict[utils.OPT_KEY]
            if self._resume_from_checkpoint
            else None,
        )

        self._loss_fn = config.instantiate(cfg.loss)

        # sampler and dataloader depend on the tokenizer and loss_fn and should be
        # setup after all of these are setup
        self._sampler, self._dataloader = self._setup_data(
            cfg_dataset=cfg.dataset,
            shuffle=cfg.shuffle,
            batch_size=cfg.batch_size,
        )

        # Finally update the recipe state which can only be correctly set after all of the
        # other components have been initialized and updated.

        # Number of training steps in each epoch depends on the number of batches produced
        # by the dataloader and the max_steps_per_epoch param set by the user and is used
        # for logging and tracking training state. This should be computed after the dataloader
        # has been setup
        self._steps_per_epoch = (
            len(self._dataloader) // self._gradient_accumulation_steps
        )
        if (
            self.max_steps_per_epoch is not None
            and self.max_steps_per_epoch < self._steps_per_epoch
        ):
            self._steps_per_epoch = self.max_steps_per_epoch
        self.global_step = self.epochs_run * self._steps_per_epoch

        # Learning rate scheduler can only be set up after number of steps
        # has been computed
        self._lr_scheduler = self._setup_lr_scheduler(
            cfg_lr_scheduler=cfg.lr_scheduler,
            num_training_steps=self.total_epochs * self._steps_per_epoch,
            last_epoch=self.global_step - 1,
        )

    def _setup_model(
        self,
        cfg_model: DictConfig,
        enable_activation_checkpointing: bool,
        base_model_state_dict: Dict[str, Any],
        lora_weights_state_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
    ) -> nn.Module:
        """
        Model initialization has some important considerations:
           a. To minimize GPU peak memory, we load the model on CPU with the right
              dtype. To ensure that we don't instantiate ``world_size`` number of models,
              we initialize on meta_device for all ranks other than rank 0.
           b. Rank 0 is also responsible for calling ``load_state_dict`` and loading the
              model weights from checkpoint.
           c. While wrapping the model with FSDP, we set ``sync_module_states``
              to TRUE and broadcast module params and buffers from rank 0.
           d. The ``device_id`` param ensures that the FSDP initialization happens on
              the correct device.
        """

        self._lora_rank = cfg_model.lora_rank
        self._lora_alpha = cfg_model.lora_alpha
        self._lora_attn_modules = list(cfg_model.lora_attn_modules)
        self._apply_lora_to_mlp = cfg_model.apply_lora_to_mlp
        self._apply_lora_to_output = getattr(cfg_model, "apply_lora_to_output", False)

        if self._is_rank_zero:
            log.info("FSDP is enabled. Instantiating Model on CPU for Rank 0 ...")
            init_start = time.perf_counter()

            with utils.set_default_dtype(self._dtype):
                model = config.instantiate(cfg_model)

            log.info(
                f"Model instantiation took {time.perf_counter() - init_start:.2f} secs"
            )

            # The model contains LoRA params which won't have any matching keys in
            # the state dict. As a result, we need to load with strict=False.
            # Before loading the state dict, ensure the state dict keys for the base
            # model and adapters (if available) match the keys in the full LoRA model
            # This is a good sanity check to prevent silent errors
            validate_state_dict_for_lora(
                lora_attn_modules=cfg_model.lora_attn_modules,
                apply_lora_to_mlp=cfg_model.apply_lora_to_mlp,
                apply_lora_to_output=getattr(cfg_model, "apply_lora_to_output", False),
                full_model_state_dict_keys=model.state_dict().keys(),
                lora_state_dict_keys=(
                    lora_weights_state_dict.keys()
                    if lora_weights_state_dict is not None
                    else None
                ),
                base_model_state_dict_keys=base_model_state_dict.keys(),
            )

            # Load both the base model weights and (if available) the adapter weights. Both
            # of this should happen only on Rank 0
            model.load_state_dict(base_model_state_dict, strict=False)
            if lora_weights_state_dict:
                model.load_state_dict(lora_weights_state_dict, strict=False)

        else:
            # For non-zero ranks, load the model on meta device
            with utils.set_default_dtype(self._dtype), torch.device("meta"):
                model = config.instantiate(cfg_model)

        if self._dtype == torch.bfloat16:
            model = model.to(torch.bfloat16)

        # LoRA hyper-params needed for merging weights while saving checkpoints
        self._lora_rank = cfg_model.lora_rank
        self._lora_alpha = cfg_model.lora_alpha

        # Note: this needs to be set before wrapping with FSDP
        self.adapter_params = get_adapter_params(model)
        set_trainable_params(model, self.adapter_params)

        model = FSDP(
            module=model,
            auto_wrap_policy=utils.lora_fsdp_wrap_policy(
                modules_to_wrap={modules.TransformerDecoderLayer}
            ),
            sharding_strategy=torch.distributed.fsdp.ShardingStrategy.FULL_SHARD,
            device_id=self._device,
            # this recipe does not currently support mixed precision training
            mixed_precision=None,
            # Ensure we broadcast params and buffers from rank 0
            sync_module_states=True,
            # Initialize empty modules on all non-zero ranks
            param_init_fn=(
                lambda module: module.to_empty(
                    device=torch.device("cuda"), recurse=False
                )
                if not self._is_rank_zero
                else None
            ),
        )

        # Ensure no params and buffers are on meta device
        utils.validate_no_params_on_meta_device(model)

        if enable_activation_checkpointing:
            utils.set_activation_checkpointing(
                model, auto_wrap_policy={modules.TransformerDecoderLayer}
            )
        if self._is_rank_zero:
            memory_stats = utils.get_memory_stats(device=self._device)
            utils.log_memory_stats(memory_stats)

        # synchronize before training begins
        torch.distributed.barrier()

        return model

    def _setup_optimizer(
        self, cfg_optimizer: DictConfig, opt_state_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
    ) -> Optimizer:
        optimizer = config.instantiate(cfg_optimizer, self._model.parameters())
        if opt_state_dict:
            # Note: technically we should check _contains_fsdp for
            # just the state dict of the adapter cfg, but should be equivalent
            opt_state_dict = FSDP.optim_state_dict_to_load(
                self._model, optimizer, opt_state_dict
            )
            optimizer.load_state_dict(opt_state_dict)

        if self._is_rank_zero:
            log.info("Optimizer and loss are initialized.")
        return optimizer

    def _setup_lr_scheduler(
        self,
        cfg_lr_scheduler: DictConfig,
        num_training_steps: int,
        last_epoch: int,
    ) -> Optimizer:
        lr_scheduler = config.instantiate(
            cfg_lr_scheduler,
            self._optimizer,
            num_training_steps=num_training_steps,
            last_epoch=last_epoch,
        )
        if self._is_rank_zero:
            log.info("Learning rate scheduler is initialized.")
        return lr_scheduler

    def _setup_data(
        self,
        cfg_dataset: DictConfig,
        shuffle: bool,
        batch_size: int,
    ) -> Tuple[DistributedSampler, DataLoader]:
        """
        All data related setup happens here. Currently this recipe only supports the
        DistributedSamplers with Map-style Datasets which fit into memory. Other samplers,
        iterable datasets and streaming datasets are not supported.
        """
        world_size, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank()

        if isinstance(cfg_dataset, ListConfig):
            datasets = [
                config.instantiate(single_cfg_dataset, tokenizer=self._tokenizer)
                for single_cfg_dataset in cfg_dataset
            ]
            ds = ConcatDataset(datasets=datasets)
            packed = False
        else:
            ds = config.instantiate(cfg_dataset, tokenizer=self._tokenizer)
            packed = cfg_dataset.get("packed", False)

        sampler = DistributedSampler(
            ds, num_replicas=world_size, rank=rank, shuffle=shuffle, seed=0
        )

        dataloader = DataLoader(
            dataset=ds,
            batch_size=batch_size,
            sampler=sampler,
            collate_fn=partial(
                utils.padded_collate,
                padding_idx=self._tokenizer.pad_id,
                ignore_idx=self._loss_fn.ignore_index,
            )
            if not packed
            else None,
        )

        if self._is_rank_zero:
            log.info("Dataset and Sampler are initialized.")

        return sampler, dataloader

    def save_checkpoint(
        self,
        epoch: int,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Checkpoint the state of the recipe. The constructed checkpoint state dict
        contains the following information:
        - Merged weights with key MODEL_KEY
        - Adapter weights with key ADAPTER_KEY
        - Relevant recipe state if training is not complete

        Checkpointer will save the merged weights, adapter weights and recipe state in
        different checkpoint files. To correctly resume from training, the adapter weights
        and recipe state must be provided along with the base model weights.
        """
        # final dict passed onto the checkpointer
        checkpoint_dict = {}

        intermediate_checkpoint = epoch + 1 < self.total_epochs
        # To prevent GPU memory from spiking during checkpoint save,
        # we consolidate the full model and optim state dicts on CPU for rank 0
        with FSDP.state_dict_type(
            self._model,
            StateDictType.FULL_STATE_DICT,
            FullStateDictConfig(offload_to_cpu=True, rank0_only=True),
            FullOptimStateDictConfig(offload_to_cpu=True, rank0_only=True),
        ):
            cpu_state_dict = self._model.state_dict()
            if intermediate_checkpoint:
                opt_state_dict = FSDP.optim_state_dict(self._model, self._optimizer)
            else:
                opt_state_dict = None

        # Now that we have the model and opt state dict, create the actual checkpoint dict
        # to be sent to the checkpointer and ultimately written to file
        if self._is_rank_zero:

            # Filter out the adapter keys and weights from the model state dict. These will
            # be saved separately
            adapter_key_filter = lambda x: x in self.adapter_params
            adapter_state_dict = {
                k: v for k, v in cpu_state_dict.items() if adapter_key_filter(k)
            }
            checkpoint_dict.update({utils.ADAPTER_KEY: adapter_state_dict})

            # merge the adapter weights and base weights to create the model checkpoint
            merged_state_dict = get_merged_lora_ckpt(
                cpu_state_dict,
                rank=self._lora_rank,
                alpha=self._lora_alpha,
            )
            checkpoint_dict.update({utils.MODEL_KEY: merged_state_dict})

            # if training is in-progress, checkpoint the optimizer state and recipe state
            # as well.
            if intermediate_checkpoint:
                checkpoint_dict.update(
                    {
                        utils.OPT_KEY: opt_state_dict,
                        utils.SEED_KEY: self.seed,
                        utils.EPOCHS_KEY: self.epochs_run,
                        utils.TOTAL_EPOCHS_KEY: self.total_epochs,
                        utils.MAX_STEPS_KEY: self.max_steps_per_epoch,
                    }
                )

            adapter_config = {
                "r": self._lora_rank,
                "lora_alpha": self._lora_alpha,
                "target_modules": get_lora_module_names(
                    self._lora_attn_modules,
                    self._apply_lora_to_mlp,
                    self._apply_lora_to_output,
                ),
                "peft_type": "LORA",
            }
            checkpoint_dict.update({utils.ADAPTER_CONFIG: adapter_config})

            self._checkpointer.save_checkpoint(
                checkpoint_dict,
                epoch=epoch,
                intermediate_checkpoint=intermediate_checkpoint,
            )

    def train(self) -> None:
        """
        The core training loop.
        """
        # clean up before training begins
        utils.cleanup_before_training()

        _, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank()

        # zero out the gradients before starting training
        self._optimizer.zero_grad()

        # Initialize tokens count and running loss (for grad accumulation)
        t0 = time.perf_counter()
        running_loss = 0
        num_tokens = 0

        # self.epochs_run should be non-zero when we're resuming from a checkpoint
        for curr_epoch in range(self.epochs_run, self.total_epochs):

            # Update the sampler to ensure data is correctly shuffled across epochs
            # in case shuffle is True
            self._sampler.set_epoch(curr_epoch)

            pbar = tqdm(total=self._steps_per_epoch, disable=not (rank == 0))
            for idx, batch in enumerate(self._dataloader):
                if (
                    self.max_steps_per_epoch is not None
                    and (idx // self._gradient_accumulation_steps)
                    == self.max_steps_per_epoch
                ):
                    break

                # Both are shape [b, s]
                tokens, labels = batch["tokens"], batch["labels"]
                # Get the attention mask and position ids from the dataset if they
                # exist. Currently, only sample packing in PackedDataset returns these
                mask = batch.get("mask", None)  # shape [b, s, s]
                input_pos = batch.get("input_pos", None)  # shape [b, s]

                tokens = tokens.to(self._device)
                num_tokens += tokens.numel()
                labels = labels.to(self._device)
                mask = mask.to(self._device) if mask is not None else None
                input_pos = (
                    input_pos.to(self._device) if input_pos is not None else None
                )

                logits = self._model(tokens, mask=mask, input_pos=input_pos)
                # Shift so that tokens < n predict n
                logits = logits[..., :-1, :].contiguous()
                labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous()
                logits = logits.transpose(1, 2)
                # Compute loss
                loss = self._loss_fn(logits, labels)
                # free logits otherwise it peaks backward memory
                del logits

                loss = loss / self._gradient_accumulation_steps
                running_loss += loss
                loss.backward()

                # Step with optimizer
                if (idx + 1) % self._gradient_accumulation_steps == 0:
                    self._optimizer.step()
                    self._optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True)
                    self._lr_scheduler.step()

                    # Update the number of steps when the weights are updated
                    self.global_step += 1

                    loss_to_log = running_loss.item()
                    pbar.update(1)
                    pbar.set_description(
                        f"{curr_epoch+1}|{self.global_step}|Loss: {loss_to_log}"
                    )

                    # Log per-step metrics
                    if (
                        self.global_step % self._log_every_n_steps == 0
                        and self._is_rank_zero
                    ):
                        time_per_step = time.perf_counter() - t0
                        log_dict = {
                            "loss": loss_to_log,
                            "lr": self._optimizer.param_groups[0]["lr"],
                            "tokens_per_second_per_gpu": num_tokens / time_per_step,
                        }
                        if self._log_peak_memory_stats:
                            log_dict.update(utils.get_memory_stats(device=self._device))
                        self._metric_logger.log_dict(
                            log_dict,
                            step=self.global_step,
                        )

                    # Reset running stats for the next step
                    running_loss = 0
                    num_tokens = 0
                    t0 = time.perf_counter()

            self.epochs_run += 1
            self.save_checkpoint(epoch=curr_epoch)

    def cleanup(self) -> None:
        if self._is_rank_zero:
            self._metric_logger.close()
        destroy_process_group()


@config.parse
def recipe_main(cfg: DictConfig) -> None:
    """
    Entry point for the recipe.

    Configurable parameters are read in the following order:
        - Parameters specified in config (see available configs through ``tune ls``)
        - Overwritten by arguments from the command-line
    """
    if not utils.is_distributed():
        raise RuntimeError(
            "Distributed finetune recipe should be run via a distributed launcher."
            "If using tune CLI, please specify --nnodes 1 and --nproc_per_node [num_gpus]"
        )
    os.environ["TORCH_NCCL_AVOID_RECORD_STREAMS"] = "1"
    init_process_group(backend="gloo" if cfg.device == "cpu" else "nccl")

    config.log_config(recipe_name="LoRAFinetuneRecipeDistributed", cfg=cfg)

    recipe = LoRAFinetuneRecipeDistributed(cfg=cfg)
    recipe.setup(cfg=cfg)
    recipe.train()
    recipe.cleanup()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(recipe_main())