diff --git a/packages/block-library/src/image/image.js b/packages/block-library/src/image/image.js
index 7113ae2796447d..4ae3a6352124d1 100644
--- a/packages/block-library/src/image/image.js
+++ b/packages/block-library/src/image/image.js
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import {
 	__experimentalImageEditor as ImageEditor,
 	__experimentalImageEditingProvider as ImageEditingProvider,
 } from '@wordpress/block-editor';
-import { useEffect, useState, useRef } from '@wordpress/element';
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState, useRef } from '@wordpress/element';
 import { __, sprintf, isRTL } from '@wordpress/i18n';
 import { getFilename } from '@wordpress/url';
 import { createBlock, switchToBlockType } from '@wordpress/blocks';
@@ -142,6 +142,10 @@ export default function Image( {
 	);
 	const isLargeViewport = useViewportMatch( 'medium' );
 	const isWideAligned = includes( [ 'wide', 'full' ], align );
+	const [
+		{ loadedNaturalWidth, loadedNaturalHeight },
+		setLoadedNaturalSize,
+	] = useState( {} );
 	const [ isEditingImage, setIsEditingImage ] = useState( false );
 	const [ externalBlob, setExternalBlob ] = useState();
 	const clientWidth = useClientWidth( containerRef, [ align ] );
@@ -179,6 +183,23 @@ export default function Image( {
 		}
 	}, [ url, prevUrl ] );
 
+	// Get naturalWidth and naturalHeight from image ref, and fall back to loaded natural
+	// width and height. This resolves an issue in Safari where the loaded natural
+	// witdth and height is otherwise lost when switching between alignments.
+	// See: https://github.com/WordPress/gutenberg/pull/37210.
+	const { naturalWidth, naturalHeight } = useMemo( () => {
+		return {
+			naturalWidth:
+				imageRef.current?.naturalWidth ||
+				loadedNaturalWidth ||
+				undefined,
+			naturalHeight:
+				imageRef.current?.naturalHeight ||
+				loadedNaturalHeight ||
+				undefined,
+		};
+	}, [ loadedNaturalWidth, loadedNaturalHeight, imageRef.current ] );
+
 	function onResizeStart() {
 		toggleSelection( false );
 	}
@@ -290,6 +311,12 @@ export default function Image( {
 				src={ temporaryURL || url }
 				alt={ defaultedAlt }
 				onError={ () => onImageError() }
+				onLoad={ ( event ) => {
+					setLoadedNaturalSize( {
+						loadedNaturalWidth: event.target?.naturalWidth,
+						loadedNaturalHeight: event.target?.naturalHeight,
+					} );
+				} }
 				ref={ imageRef }
 			/>
 			{ temporaryURL && <Spinner /> }
@@ -297,12 +324,6 @@ export default function Image( {
 		/* eslint-enable jsx-a11y/no-noninteractive-element-interactions, jsx-a11y/click-events-have-key-events */
 	);
 
-	let imageWidthWithinContainer;
-	let imageHeightWithinContainer;
-
-	const naturalWidth = imageRef.current?.naturalWidth;
-	const naturalHeight = imageRef.current?.naturalHeight;
-
 	const canEditImage = id && naturalWidth && naturalHeight && imageEditing;
 	const allowCrop = ! multiImageSelection && canEditImage && ! isEditingImage;
 
@@ -423,6 +444,9 @@ export default function Image( {
 		</>
 	);
 
+	let imageWidthWithinContainer;
+	let imageHeightWithinContainer;
+
 	if ( clientWidth && naturalWidth && naturalHeight ) {
 		const exceedMaxWidth = naturalWidth > clientWidth;
 		const ratio = naturalHeight / naturalWidth;