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Crawl.py
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Crawl.py
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# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
# @author:lijinxi
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
import os
import pdfkit
import xlwt
class Crawl:
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome'
'/74.0.3729.28 Safari/537.36 OPR/61.0.3298.6 (Edition developer)',
}
templates = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
{css}
{js}
</head>
<body>
{content}
</body>
</html>"""
start_time = time.time()
def __init__(self, start_url, pdf_to_save_name, css_save_path='./static/css/',
js_save_path='./static/js/',
pictures_save_path='./files/attachments/'):
self.start_url = start_url
self.pdf_to_save_name = pdf_to_save_name
self.css_save_path = css_save_path
self.picture_save_path = pictures_save_path
self.contents = []
self.css = []
self.titles = []
self.js = []
if not os.path.exists(self.css_save_path):
os.makedirs(self.css_save_path)
self.start()
def start(self):
response = requests.get(self.start_url, headers=self.headers)
bs_obj = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html5lib')
bs_obj.declared_html_encoding = 'utf-8'
menu = bs_obj.find('ul', {'id': 'x-wiki-index', 'class': 'uk-nav uk-nav-side'})
head = bs_obj.find('head')
styles = bs_obj.findAll('style')
# internal css
for style in styles:
if style not in self.css:
self.css.append(style)
# save external css
stylesheet = head.findAll('link', {'rel': 'stylesheet'})
if stylesheet is not None:
for sheet in stylesheet:
if sheet['href'] not in self.css:
res = requests.get('https://static.liaoxuefeng.com' + sheet['href'], sheet['href'])
if sheet['href'] == '/static/css/main.css?v=1.0-b1b83dc-2019-05-25T01:51:58Z':
sheet['href'] = '/static/css/main.css'
with open('.' + sheet['href'], 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(res.text)
sheet['href'] = '.' + sheet['href']
self.css.append(sheet)
# external js
javascripts = head.findAll('script', attrs={'src': True, 'async': False, 'charset': False})
if javascripts is not None:
for javascript in javascripts:
if javascript['src'] not in self.css:
res = requests.get('https://static.liaoxuefeng.com' + javascript['src'], javascript['src'])
if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname('.' + javascript['src'])):
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname('.' + javascript['src']))
if '?' in javascript['src']:
index = javascript['src'].index('?')
javascript['src'] = javascript['src'][:index]
with open('.' + javascript['src'], 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(res.text)
javascript['src'] = '.' + javascript['src']
self.js.append(javascript)
for link in menu.findAll('a', {'class': 'x-wiki-index-item'}):
if link.attrs['href'] is not None:
absolute_link = 'https://www.liaoxuefeng.com' + link.attrs['href']
self.get_content(absolute_link)
self.xls()
self.template_format()
self.save_to_pdf()
def get_content(self, url):
print("正在抓取：{url}，当前耗时：{time}。".format(url=url, time=time.time() - self.start_time))
try:
response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
assert response.status_code == 200
except AssertionError as e:
print(e)
except TimeoutError as e:
print(e)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
else:
bs_obj = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html5lib')
bs_obj.declared_html_encoding = 'utf-8'
# handle content
content = bs_obj.find('div', {'class': 'x-wiki-content x-main-content'})
# delete video
videos = bs_obj.findAll('iframe')
if videos is not None:
for video in videos:
video.extract()
# save pictures
pictures = content.find_all('img')
for picture in pictures:
real_url = picture.attrs['data-src']
del picture.attrs['data-src']
img = requests.get('https://static.liaoxuefeng.com' + real_url)
dirname = os.path.dirname(real_url)
if not os.path.exists('.' + dirname):
os.makedirs('.' + dirname)
with open('.' + real_url + '.jpg', 'wb') as f:
f.write(img.content)
picture.attrs['src'] = '.' + real_url + '.jpg'
# save title
title = bs_obj.find('h4').get_text()
title_tag = bs_obj.new_tag('h1')
title_tag.attrs['style'] = 'text-align:center'
title_tag.string = title
self.titles.append(title)
self.contents.append(title_tag)
self.contents.append(content)
time.sleep(1)
print("抓取完成，文章名为：{title}。".format(title=title))
def save_to_pdf(self):
options = {
'page-size': 'Letter',
'margin-top': '0.75in',
'margin-right': '0.75in',
'margin-bottom': '0.75in',
'margin-left': '0.75in',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'custom-header': [
('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')
],
'cookie': [
('cookie-name1', 'cookie-value1'),
('cookie-name2', 'cookie-value2'),
],
'outline-depth': 10,
}
toc = {
'xsl-style-sheet': 'toc.xls'
}
'''
cover = 'cover.html'
'''
pdfkit.from_file('templates.html', self.pdf_to_save_name, options=options)
# pdfkit.from_file('file.html', options=options, toc=toc, cover=cover, cover_first=True)
def xls(self):
wb = xlwt.Workbook()
ws = wb.add_sheet('目录')
num = 0
for title in self.titles:
ws.write(num, 0, title.strip())
num += 1
wb.save('toc.xls')
def template_format(self):
with open('content.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for content in self.contents:
f.write(str(content))
with open('css.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for css in self.css:
f.write(str(css))
with open('js.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for js in self.js:
f.write(str(js))
with open('content.html', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read()
with open('css.html', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
css = f.read()
with open('js.html', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
js = f.read()
html = self.templates.format(content=content, css=css, js=js)
with open('templates.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(html)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# crawl = Crawl("https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400/1019418790329088", 'liaoxuefeng_python3.pdf')
# crawl = Crawl("https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1252599548343744", 'liaoxuefeng_java12.pdf')
# crawl = Crawl('https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1022910821149312', 'liaoxuefeng_javascript.pdf')
crawl = Crawl('https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1177760294764384', 'liaoxuefeng_sql.pdf')
# crawl=Crawl('https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/896043488029600','liaoxuefeng_git.pdf')