diff --git a/cpp/core/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/core/CMakeLists.txt
index dc9ce3435c380..c673a678d98c8 100644
--- a/cpp/core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ set(SPARK_COLUMNAR_PLUGIN_SRCS
         shuffle/Partitioning.cc
         shuffle/Payload.cc
         shuffle/rss/RssPartitionWriter.cc
+        shuffle/RandomPartitioner.cc
         shuffle/RoundRobinPartitioner.cc
         shuffle/ShuffleMemoryPool.cc
         shuffle/ShuffleReader.cc
diff --git a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioner.cc b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioner.cc
index 80b4598a1f170..fb1a5aab44ebd 100644
--- a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioner.cc
+++ b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioner.cc
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "shuffle/Partitioner.h"
 #include "shuffle/FallbackRangePartitioner.h"
 #include "shuffle/HashPartitioner.h"
+#include "shuffle/RandomPartitioner.h"
 #include "shuffle/RoundRobinPartitioner.h"
 #include "shuffle/SinglePartitioner.h"
 
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ Partitioner::make(Partitioning partitioning, int32_t numPartitions, int32_t star
       return std::make_shared<SinglePartitioner>();
     case Partitioning::kRange:
       return std::make_shared<FallbackRangePartitioner>(numPartitions);
+    case Partitioning::kRandom:
+      return std::make_shared<RandomPartitioner>(numPartitions);
     default:
       return arrow::Status::Invalid("Unsupported partitioning type: " + std::to_string(partitioning));
   }
diff --git a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.cc b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.cc
index dfe848d630466..84fe6ecd972f9 100644
--- a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.cc
+++ b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.cc
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ static const std::string kSinglePartitioningName = "single";
 static const std::string kRoundRobinPartitioningName = "rr";
 static const std::string kHashPartitioningName = "hash";
 static const std::string kRangePartitioningName = "range";
+static const std::string kRandomPartitioningName = "random";
 } // namespace
 
 namespace gluten {
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ Partitioning toPartitioning(std::string name) {
   if (name == kRangePartitioningName) {
     return Partitioning::kRange;
   }
+  if (name == kRandomPartitioningName) {
+    return Partitioning::kRandom;
+  }
   throw GlutenException("Invalid partition name: " + name);
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.h b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.h
index 1d65e9d6b9933..a60d43561bee1 100644
--- a/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.h
+++ b/cpp/core/shuffle/Partitioning.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <string>
 
 namespace gluten {
-enum Partitioning { kSingle, kRoundRobin, kHash, kRange };
+enum Partitioning { kSingle, kRoundRobin, kHash, kRange, kRandom /*for test only*/ };
 
 Partitioning toPartitioning(std::string name);
 
diff --git a/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.cc b/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..06d87be40f7f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "shuffle/RandomPartitioner.h"
+
+namespace gluten {
+
+arrow::Status gluten::RandomPartitioner::compute(
+    const int32_t* pidArr,
+    const int64_t numRows,
+    std::vector<uint32_t>& row2Partition,
+    std::vector<uint32_t>& partition2RowCount) {
+  std::fill(std::begin(partition2RowCount), std::end(partition2RowCount), 0);
+  row2Partition.resize(numRows);
+
+  for (int32_t i = 0; i < numRows; ++i) {
+    row2Partition[i] = dist_(rng_);
+  }
+
+  for (auto& pid : row2Partition) {
+    partition2RowCount[pid]++;
+  }
+
+  return arrow::Status::OK();
+}
+
+arrow::Status gluten::RandomPartitioner::compute(
+    const int32_t* pidArr,
+    const int64_t numRows,
+    const int32_t vectorIndex,
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::vector<int64_t>>& rowVectorIndexMap) {
+  auto index = static_cast<int64_t>(vectorIndex) << 32;
+  for (int32_t i = 0; i < numRows; ++i) {
+    int64_t combined = index | (i & 0xFFFFFFFFLL);
+    auto& vec = rowVectorIndexMap[dist_(rng_)];
+    vec.push_back(combined);
+  }
+
+  return arrow::Status::OK();
+}
+
+} // namespace gluten
diff --git a/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.h b/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..77d00716943cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/core/shuffle/RandomPartitioner.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <random>
+#include "shuffle/Partitioner.h"
+
+namespace gluten {
+class RandomPartitioner final : public Partitioner {
+ public:
+  RandomPartitioner(int32_t numPartitions) : Partitioner(numPartitions, false) {
+    std::random_device dev;
+    rng_.seed(dev());
+    dist_ = std::uniform_int_distribution<std::mt19937::result_type>(0, numPartitions - 1);
+  }
+
+  arrow::Status compute(
+      const int32_t* pidArr,
+      const int64_t numRows,
+      std::vector<uint32_t>& row2Partition,
+      std::vector<uint32_t>& partition2RowCount) override;
+
+  arrow::Status compute(
+      const int32_t* pidArr,
+      const int64_t numRows,
+      const int32_t vectorIndex,
+      std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::vector<int64_t>>& rowVectorIndexMap) override;
+
+ private:
+  std::mt19937 rng_;
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<std::mt19937::result_type> dist_;
+};
+} // namespace gluten
diff --git a/cpp/velox/benchmarks/GenericBenchmark.cc b/cpp/velox/benchmarks/GenericBenchmark.cc
index 3402675a41b6e..6403d56e62ebd 100644
--- a/cpp/velox/benchmarks/GenericBenchmark.cc
+++ b/cpp/velox/benchmarks/GenericBenchmark.cc
@@ -47,7 +47,10 @@ namespace {
 DEFINE_bool(print_result, true, "Print result for execution");
 DEFINE_string(save_output, "", "Path to parquet file for saving the task output iterator");
 DEFINE_bool(with_shuffle, false, "Add shuffle split at end.");
-DEFINE_string(partitioning, "rr", "Short partitioning name. Valid options are rr, hash, range, single");
+DEFINE_string(
+    partitioning,
+    "rr",
+    "Short partitioning name. Valid options are rr, hash, range, single, random (only for test purpose)");
 DEFINE_string(shuffle_writer, "hash", "Shuffle writer type. Can be hash or sort");
 DEFINE_bool(rss, false, "Mocking rss.");
 DEFINE_string(
@@ -140,11 +143,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<VeloxShuffleWriter> createShuffleWriter(
   }
 
   auto options = ShuffleWriterOptions{};
-  if (FLAGS_run_shuffle) {
-    options.partitioning = Partitioning::kRoundRobin;
-  } else {
-    options.partitioning = gluten::toPartitioning(FLAGS_partitioning);
-  }
+  options.partitioning = gluten::toPartitioning(FLAGS_partitioning);
   if (FLAGS_shuffle_writer == "sort") {
     options.shuffleWriterType = gluten::kSortShuffle;
   }
@@ -439,6 +438,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     std::string errorMsg{};
     if (FLAGS_data.empty()) {
       errorMsg = "Missing '--split' or '--data' option.";
+    } else if (FLAGS_partitioning != "rr" && FLAGS_partitioning != "random") {
+      errorMsg = "--run-shuffle only support round-robin partitioning and random partitioning.";
     }
     if (errorMsg.empty()) {
       try {
diff --git a/docs/developers/MicroBenchmarks.md b/docs/developers/MicroBenchmarks.md
index 956d4995f3037..21f222b42690d 100644
--- a/docs/developers/MicroBenchmarks.md
+++ b/docs/developers/MicroBenchmarks.md
@@ -324,8 +324,9 @@ cd /path/to/gluten/cpp/build/velox/benchmarks
 
 Developers can only run shuffle write task via specifying `--run-shuffle` and `--data` options.
 The parquet format input will be read from arrow-parquet reader and sent to shuffle writer.
-This option is similar to the `--with-shuffle` option, but it doesn't require the plan and split files,
-and doesn't support the `--partitioning` option. The round-robin partitioner is used by default.
+This option is similar to the `--with-shuffle` option, but it doesn't require the plan and split files.
+The round-robin partitioner is used by default. Besides, random partitioning can be used for testing purpose.
+By specifying option `--partitioning random`, the partitioner will generate a random partition id for each row.
 
 ```shell
 cd /path/to/gluten/cpp/build/velox/benchmarks