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ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

  • ARP finds MAC address of a host from it's known IP address.
  • It is Layer 2 protocol.
  • ARP request is broadcast, but ARP response is unicast.
  • The ARP concept used only in IPv4 Environment.
  • ARP is never generated for the device of other network i.e Communication between 10.10.10.0 to 20.20.20.0.
  • It can be possible but not using ARP rules. Router do some intelligance work.

Types Of ARP:

  1. Simple ARP
  2. Proxy ARP
  3. Reverse ARP
  4. Gratitous Proxy

Header Format Of ARP

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Hardware Type |Protocol Type  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Hardware Size |Protocol Size  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Operation    |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sender Hardware Address |
| (Variable length)       |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sender Protocol Address |
| (Variable length)       |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Target Hardware Address |
| (Variable length)       |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Target Protocol Address |
| (Variable length)       |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

This is begginers guide to ARP if you willing to learn more you can checkout more on YouTube. On Day 14 We will see about SMTP.