Infrastructure
The production website is hosted on a remote machine supplied by the OCF. Connecting to this machine requires SSH.
This guide assumes basic experience with SSH.
Warning
Running commands in the hozer machine can break production! Continue with caution.
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Copy your SSH key to the
hozermachine'sauthorized_keysfile:ssh-copy-id [email protected]The SSH password can be found in the pinned messages of the #backend staff channel in discord.
Please add an identifying comment to your public key! For example, your Berkeley email suffices.
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(Optional) Add
hozer-51to your~/.ssh/configfile:# Begin Berkeleytime hozer config Host hozer-?? HostName %h.ocf.berkeley.edu User root # End Berkeleytime hozer config
Now, you can quickly SSH into the remote machine from your terminal:
ssh hozer-51 # as opposed to [email protected]
Berkeleytime uses a microservices architecture, like many larger projects and products. A microservice architecture provides many benefits in scaling, fault-tolerance, and flexibility that a monolith architecture lacks. With these advantages comes with disadvantages, the largest being the additional complexity.
Here is a diagram describing a simplified version of the system architecture.
Kubernetes is a container orchestrator, a fundamental piece of our microservice architecture. It is a complex system with many different components. Fortunately, the documentation is decently well-written. The concepts page is a good place to start.
Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes. It allows us to build Kubernetes resources that are easily configurable and reusable. For simplicity, we try to keep all of our Kubernetes resources defined with helm, as opposed to some being defined with raw resource definitions and some with helm charts.
Tip
On hozer-51, k is an alias for kubectl and h is an alias for helm.
Important
The default namespace has been set as bt.
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k get podsView all running pods.
Example Output
root@hozer-51:~ k get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE bt-cert-manager-996dd87d8-2xlbs 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-cert-manager-cainjector-68d9974ddf-b7w84 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-cert-manager-webhook-599cc5679-v9v4n 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-dev-mongo-mongodb-56967b78d5-dwsk4 1/1 Running 0 14d bt-dev-redis-master-0 1/1 Running 0 90d bt-ingress-nginx-controller-788dfdc68d-zw5cf 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-metallb-controller-6c6ccbb4bb-xjjm2 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-metallb-speaker-7lqvj 4/4 Running 13 (91d ago) 264d bt-prod-app-backend-68f984687f-bbst2 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-prod-app-backend-68f984687f-mdbsj 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-prod-app-frontend-6985468b46-c89fq 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-prod-app-frontend-6985468b46-djxs6 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-prod-app-updater-28856160-dn99p 0/1 Completed 0 2d5h bt-prod-app-updater-28857600-4z8pw 0/1 Completed 0 29h bt-prod-app-updater-28859040-jmzkd 0/1 Completed 0 5h33m bt-prod-mongo-mongodb-b6b66fd69-h764l 1/1 Running 1 (14d ago) 36d bt-prod-redis-master-0 1/1 Running 0 90d bt-sealed-secrets-7cb5587d77-576r5 1/1 Running 0 36d bt-stage-app-backend-77759c7b94-7rg5q 1/1 Running 0 6d7h bt-stage-app-backend-77759c7b94-kkpbf 1/1 Running 0 6d7h bt-stage-app-frontend-bc997f75b-9mrhn 1/1 Running 0 6d7h bt-stage-app-frontend-bc997f75b-gsnkx 1/1 Running 0 6d7h bt-stage-app-updater-28856160-94lgw 0/1 Completed 0 2d5h bt-stage-app-updater-28857600-grv9r 0/1 Completed 0 29h bt-stage-app-updater-28859040-b2mjn 0/1 Completed 0 5h33m bt-stage-mongo-mongodb-996b5c9d8-ws5bm 1/1 Running 0 13d bt-stage-redis-master-0 1/1 Running 0 90d -
k get pods -l env=[dev|stage|prod]View all running pods in a specified environment.
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k logs [pod name]View logs of a pod. You can get a pod's name with
k get pods. Include a-fflag to follow logs, which will stream logs into your terminal. -
k describe pod [pod name]View a description of a pod. Useful for when pod is failing to startup, thus not showing any logs.
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k exec -it [pod name] -- [command]Execute a command inside a pod. The command can be
bash, which will start a shell inside the pod and allow for more commands. -
k get deployView all running deployments.
Example Output
root@hozer-51:~ k get deploy NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE bt-cert-manager 1/1 1 1 90d bt-cert-manager-cainjector 1/1 1 1 90d bt-cert-manager-webhook 1/1 1 1 90d bt-dev-mongo-mongodb 1/1 1 1 14d bt-ingress-nginx-controller 1/1 1 1 267d bt-metallb-controller 1/1 1 1 264d bt-prod-app-backend 2/2 2 2 40d bt-prod-app-frontend 2/2 2 2 40d bt-prod-mongo-mongodb 1/1 1 1 90d bt-sealed-secrets 1/1 1 1 267d bt-stage-app-backend 2/2 2 2 36d bt-stage-app-frontend 2/2 2 2 36d bt-stage-mongo-mongodb 1/1 1 1 14d -
k get deploy -l env=[dev|stage|prod]View all running deployments in a specified environment.
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k describe deploy [deploy name]View a description of a deploy. Useful for when the deploy's pods are failing to startup, thus not showing any logs.
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k rollout restart deploy/[deploy name]Manually restart a deployment.
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h listList helm chart installations.
Example Output
root@hozer-51:~ h list NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION bt-base bt 1 2024-08-16 02:39:08.530680512 +0000 UTC deployed bt-base-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-cert-manager bt 1 2024-08-15 09:09:57.055544133 +0000 UTC deployed cert-manager-v1.14.1 v1.14.1 bt-dev-mongo bt 1 2024-10-30 19:39:12.342638847 +0000 UTC deployed bt-mongo-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-dev-redis bt 1 2024-08-15 22:48:23.811538319 +0000 UTC deployed bt-redis-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-ingress-nginx bt 2 2024-02-20 06:54:22.749755461 +0000 UTC deployed ingress-nginx-4.9.1 1.9.6 bt-metallb bt 1 2024-02-23 22:15:39.949979855 +0000 UTC deployed metallb-0.14.3 v0.14.3 bt-prod-app bt 1 2024-10-05 00:38:19.570732559 +0000 UTC deployed bt-app-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-prod-mongo bt 1 2024-08-15 22:49:24.829163584 +0000 UTC deployed bt-mongo-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-prod-redis bt 1 2024-08-15 22:49:30.646137811 +0000 UTC deployed bt-redis-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-sealed-secrets bt 1 2024-02-20 06:31:59.188302177 +0000 UTC deployed sealed-secrets-2.15.0 0.26.0 bt-stage-app bt 1 2024-10-09 03:17:21.69782594 +0000 UTC deployed bt-app-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-stage-mongo bt 1 2024-10-31 05:20:36.995251245 +0000 UTC deployed bt-mongo-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha bt-stage-redis bt 1 2024-08-15 22:48:39.561033896 +0000 UTC deployed bt-redis-0.1.0 2.0.0-alpha -
helm list --short | grep "^bt-dev-app" | xargs -L1 helm uninstallUninstalls all development environment deploys. Specifically, list then filters for helm charts with prefix
bt-dev-app, then uninstalls them all.