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0-bootstrap - deploying a Jenkins-compatible environment

The purpose of this step is to bootstrap a GCP organization, creating all the required resources & permissions to start using the Cloud Foundation Toolkit (CFT). This step also guides you on how to configure a CICD project to host a Jenkins Agent, which connects to your existing Jenkins Master infrastructure & your own Git repos (which might live on-prem). The Jenkins Agent will run CICD pipelines for foundations code in subsequent stages.

Another CICD option is to use Cloud Build & Cloud Source Repos. If you don't have a Jenkins implementation and don't want one, then we recommend you to use the Cloud Build module instead.

Overview

The objective of the instructions below is to configure the infrastructure that allows you to run CICD deployments for the next stages (1-org, 2-environments, 3-networks, 4-projects) using Jenkins. The infrastructure consists in two Google Cloud Platform projects (prj-b-seed and prj-b-cicd) and VPN configuration to connect to your on-prem environment.

It is a best practice to have two separate projects here (prj-b-seed and prj-b-cicd) for separation of concerns. On one hand, prj-b-seed stores terraform state and has the Service Account able to create / modify infrastructure. On the other hand, the deployment of that infrastructure is coordinated by Jenkins, which is implemented in prj-b-cicd and connected to your Master on-prem.

After following the instructions below, you will have:

  • The prj-b-seed project, which contains:

    • Terraform state bucket
    • Custom Service Account used by Terraform to create new resources in GCP

  • The prj-b-cicd project, which contains:

    • GCE Instance for the Jenkins Agent, connected to your current Jenkins Master using SSH.
    • VPC to connect the Jenkins GCE Instance to
    • FW rules to allow communication over port 22
    • VPN connection with on-prem (or where ever your Jenkins Master is located)
    • Custom service account [email protected] for the GCE instance.
      • This service account is granted the access to generate tokens on the Terraform custom service account in the prj-b-seed project

  • Note: these instructions do not indicate how to create a Jenkins Master. To deploy a Jenkins Master, you should follow Jenkins Architecture recommendations.

If you don't have a Jenkins implementation and don't want one, then we recommend you to use the Cloud Build module instead.

Requirements

Please see the requirements of Software, Infrastructure and Permissions before following the instructions below.

Usage

Note: If you are using MacOS, replace cp -RT with cp -R in the relevant commands. The -T flag is needed for Linux, but causes problems for MacOS.

Instructions

You arrived to these instructions because you are using the jenkins_bootstrap to run the 0-bootstrap step instead of cloudbuild_bootstrap. Please follow the indications below:

  • Make sure you cover all the requirements of Software, Infrastructure and Permissions before following the instructions below.

I. Setup your environment

  • Required information:
    • Access to the Jenkins Master host to run ssh-keygen command
    • Access to the Jenkins Master Web UI
    • SSH Agent Jenkins plugin installed in your Jenkins Master
    • Private IP address for the Jenkins Agent: usually assigned by your network administrator. You will use this IP for the GCE instance that will be created in the prj-b-cicd GCP Project in step II. Create the SEED and CICD projects using Terraform.
    • Access to create five Git repositories, one for each directory in this monorepo (0-bootstrap, 1-org, 2-environments, 3-networks, 4-projects). These are usually private repositories that might be on-prem.

  1. Generate a SSH key pair. In the Jenkins Master host, use the ssh-keygen command to generate a SSH key pair.

    • You will need this key pair to enable authentication between the Master and Agent. Although the key pair can be generated in any linux machine, it is recommended not to copy the secret private key from one host to another, so you probably want to do this in the Jenkins Master host command line.

    • Note the ssh-keygen command uses the -N option to protect the private key with a password. In this example, we are using -N "my-password". This is important because you will need both, the private key and the password when configuring the SSH Agent in you Jenkins Master Web UI.

      SSH_LOCAL_CONFIG_DIR="$HOME/.ssh"
JENKINS_USER="jenkins"
JENKINS_AGENT_NAME="AgentGCE1"
SSH_KEY_FILE_PATH="$SSH_LOCAL_CONFIG_DIR/$JENKINS_USER-${JENKINS_AGENT_NAME}_rsa"

mkdir "$SSH_LOCAL_CONFIG_DIR"
ssh-keygen -t rsa -m PEM -N "my-password" -C $JENKINS_USER -f $SSH_KEY_FILE_PATH
cat $SSH_KEY_FILE_PATH

    • You will see an output similar to this:

      -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
      copy your private key
        from BEGIN to END
  And configure a new
  Jenkins Agent in the Web UI
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

  2. Configure a new SSH Jenkins Agent in the Jenkins Master’s Web UI. You need the following information:

    • SSH Agent Jenkins plugin installed in your Master
    • SSH private key you just generated in the previous step
    • Passphrase that protects the private key (the one you used in the -N option)
    • Jenkins Agent’s private IP address (usually assigned by your Network Administrator. In the provided examples this IP is "172.16.1.6"). This private IP will be reachable through the VPN connection that you will create later.

  3. Create five individual Git repositories in your Git server (This might be a task delegated to your infrastructure team)

    • Note that although this infrastructure code is distributed to you as a monorepo, you will store the code in five different repositories, one for each directory: 
      ./0-bootstrap
./1-org
./2-environments
./3-networks
./4-projects
    • For simplicity, let's name your five repositories as follows: 
      YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap
YOUR_NEW_REPO-1-org
YOUR_NEW_REPO-2-environments
YOUR_NEW_REPO-3-networks
YOUR_NEW_REPO-4-projects
    • Note: Towards the end of these instructions, you will configure your Jenkins Master with new automatic pipelines only for the following repositories: 
      YOUR_NEW_REPO-1-org
YOUR_NEW_REPO-2-environments
YOUR_NEW_REPO-3-networks
YOUR_NEW_REPO-4-projects
      • Note: there is no automatic pipeline needed for YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap
    • In this 0-bootstrap section we only work with your new repository that is a copy of the directory ./0-bootstrap (YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap)

  4. Clone this mono-repository with git clone https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-example-foundation

  5. Clone the repository you created to host the 0-bootstrap directory with git clone <YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap>

  6. Navigate into the freshly cloned repo cd <YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap> and change to a non-master branch git checkout -b my-0-bootstrap

  7. Copy contents of foundation to new repo cp -RT ../terraform-example-foundation/0-bootstrap/ . (modify accordingly based on your current directory).

  8. Activate the Jenkins module and disable the Cloud Build module. This implies manually editing the following files:

    1. Comment-out the cloudbuild_bootstrap module in ./main.tf
    2. Comment-out the cloudbuild_bootstrap outputs in ./outputs.tf
    3. Un-comment the jenkins_bootstrap module in ./main.tf
    4. Un-comment the jenkins_bootstrap variables in ./variables.tf
    5. Un-comment the jenkins_bootstrap outputs in ./outputs.tf

  9. Rename terraform.example.tfvars to terraform.tfvars and update the file with values from your environment.

    • One of the value to supply (variable jenkins_agent_gce_ssh_pub_key) is the public SSH key you generated in the first step.
      • Note: this is not the secret private key. The public SSH key can be in your repository code.
    1. Show the public key using cat "${SSH_KEY_FILE_PATH}.pub", you will copy / paste it in the terraform.tfvars file (variable jenkins_agent_gce_ssh_pub_key).
    2. Provide the rest of the values needed in terraform.tfvars

  10. Commit changes with git add . and git commit -m 'Your message - Bootstrap configuration using jenkins_module'

  11. Push my-0-bootstrap branch to your repository YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap with git push --set-upstream origin my-0-bootstrap

II. Create the SEED and CICD projects using Terraform

  • Required information:
    • Terraform version 0.13.7 - See Requirements section for more details.
    • The terraform.tfvars file with all the necessary values.

  1. Get the appropriate credentials: run the following command with an account that has the necessary permissions.

    gcloud auth application-default login
    1. Open the link in your browser and accept.

  2. Run terraform commands.

    • After the credentials are configured, we will create the prj-b-seed project (which contains the GCS state bucket and Terraform custom service account) and the prj-b-cicd project (which contains the Jenkins Agent, its custom service account and where we will add VPN configuration)
    • WARNING: Make sure you have commented-out the cloudbuild_bootstrap module and enabled the jenkins_bootstrap module in the ./main.tf file
    • Use Terraform 0.13.7 to run the terraform script with the commands below
    terraform init
terraform plan
terraform apply
    • The Terraform script will take about 10 to 15 minutes. Once it finishes, note that communication between on-prem and the prj-b-cicd project won’t happen yet - you will configure the VPN network connectivity in step III. Create VPN connection.

  3. Move Terraform State to the GCS bucket created in the seed project

    1. Run terraform output gcs_bucket_tfstate to get the tfstate bucket name
    2. Rename backend.tf.example to backend.tf
    3. Edit file backend.tf and replace UPDATE_ME with the tfstate bucket name

  4. Re-run terraform init and agree to copy state to gcs when prompted

    • (Optional) Run terraform apply to verify state is configured correctly. You can confirm the terraform state is now in that bucket by visiting the bucket url in your seed project.

  5. Commit changes with git add backend.tf and git commit -m 'Your message - Terraform Backend configuration using GCS'

  6. Push my-0-bootstrap branch to your repository YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap with git push

III. Configure VPN connection

Here you will configure a VPN Network tunnel to enable connectivity between the prj-b-cicd project and your on-prem environment. Learn more about a VPN tunnel in GCP.

  • Required information:
    • On-prem VPN public IP Address
    • Jenkins Master’s network CIDR (the example code uses "10.1.0.0/24")
    • Jenkins Agent network CIDR (the example code uses "172.16.1.0/24")
    • VPN PSK (pre-shared secret key)
  1. Check in the prj-b-cicd project for the VPN gateway static IP addresses which have been reserved. These addresses are required by the Network Administrator for the configuration of the on-prem side of the VPN tunnels to GCP.
  • Assuming your network administrator already configured the on-prem end of the VPN, the CICD end of the VPN might show the message First Handshake for around 5 minutes.
  • When the VPN is ready, the status will show Tunnel is up and running. At this point, your Jenkins Master (on-prem) and Jenkins Agent (in prj-b-cicd project) must have network connectivity through the VPN.
  1. Test a pipeline using the Jenkins Master Web UI:
    1. Make sure your SSH Agent is online and troubleshoot network connectivity if needed.
    2. Test that your Jenkins Master can deploy a pipeline to the Jenkins Agent located in the prj-b-cicd project (you can test this by running with a simple echo "Hello World" pipeline build).

IV. Configure the Git repositories and Multibranch Pipelines in your Jenkins Master

  • Note: this section is considered out of the scope of this document. Since there are multiple options on how to configure the Git repositories and Multibranch Pipeline in your Jenkins Master, here we can only provide some guidance that you should keep in mind while completing this step. Visit the Jenkins website for more information, there are plenty of Jenkins Plugins that could help with the task.

    • You need to configure a "Multibranch Pipeline". Note that the Jenkinsfile and tf-wrapper.sh files use the $BRANCH_NAME environment variable. the $BRANCH_NAME variable is only available in Jenkins' Multibranch Pipelines.

  • Jenkinsfile: A Jenkinsfile has been included which closely aligns with the Cloud Build pipeline. Additionally, the stage TF wait for approval which lets you confirm via Jenkins UI before proceeding with terraform apply has been disabled by default. It can be enabled by un-commenting that stage in the file.

  1. Create Multibranch pipelines for your new repos (YOUR_NEW_REPO-1-org, YOUR_NEW_REPO-2-environments, YOUR_NEW_REPO-3-networks, YOUR_NEW_REPO-4-projects).

    • DO NOT configure an automatic pipeline for your YOUR_NEW_REPO-0-bootstrap repository

  2. In your Jenkins Master Web UI, create Multibranch Pipelines only for the following repositories:

    YOUR_NEW_REPO-1-org
YOUR_NEW_REPO-2-environments
YOUR_NEW_REPO-3-networks
YOUR_NEW_REPO-4-projects

  3. Assuming your new Git repositories are private, you may need to configure new credentials In your Jenkins Master web UI, so it can connect to the repositories.

  4. You will also want to configure automatic triggers in each one of the Jenkins Multibranch Pipelines, unless you want to run the pipelines manually from the Jenkins Web UI after each commit to your repositories.

  5. You can now move to the instructions in the step 1-org.

Contributing

Refer to the contribution guidelines for information on contributing to this module.