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English Version

题目描述

一个句子是由一些单词与它们之间的单个空格组成,且句子的开头和结尾没有多余空格。比方说,"Hello World" ,"HELLO" ,"hello world hello world" 都是句子。每个单词都  包含大写和小写英文字母。

如果两个句子 sentence1 和 sentence2 ,可以通过往其中一个句子插入一个任意的句子(可以是空句子)而得到另一个句子,那么我们称这两个句子是 相似的 。比方说,sentence1 = "Hello my name is Jane" 且 sentence2 = "Hello Jane" ,我们可以往 sentence2 中 "Hello" 和 "Jane" 之间插入 "my name is" 得到 sentence1 。

给你两个句子 sentence1 和 sentence2 ,如果 sentence1 sentence2 是相似的,请你返回 true ,否则返回 false 。

 

示例 1:

输入:sentence1 = "My name is Haley", sentence2 = "My Haley"
输出:true
解释:可以往 sentence2 中 "My" 和 "Haley" 之间插入 "name is" ,得到 sentence1 。

示例 2:

输入:sentence1 = "of", sentence2 = "A lot of words"
输出:false
解释:没法往这两个句子中的一个句子只插入一个句子就得到另一个句子。

示例 3:

输入:sentence1 = "Eating right now", sentence2 = "Eating"
输出:true
解释:可以往 sentence2 的结尾插入 "right now" 得到 sentence1 。

示例 4:

输入:sentence1 = "Luky", sentence2 = "Lucccky"
输出:false

 

提示:

  • 1 <= sentence1.length, sentence2.length <= 100
  • sentence1 和 sentence2 都只包含大小写英文字母和空格。
  • sentence1 和 sentence2 中的单词都只由单个空格隔开。

解法

方法一:双指针

我们将两个句子按照空格分割成两个单词数组 words1words2,假设 words1words2 的长度分别为 $m$$n$,不妨设 $m \geq n$

我们使用双指针 $i$$j$,初始时 $i = j = 0$。接下来,我们循环判断 words1[i] 是否等于 words2[i],是则指针 $i$ 继续右移;然后我们循环判断 words1[m - 1 - j] 是否等于 words2[n - 1 - j],是则指针 $j$ 继续右移。

循环结束后,如果 $i + j \geq n$,说明两个句子相似,返回 true,否则返回 false

时间复杂度 $O(L)$,空间复杂度 $O(L)$。其中 $L$ 为两个句子的长度之和。

Python3

class Solution:
    def areSentencesSimilar(self, sentence1: str, sentence2: str) -> bool:
        words1, words2 = sentence1.split(), sentence2.split()
        m, n = len(words1), len(words2)
        if m < n:
            words1, words2 = words2, words1
            m, n = n, m
        i = j = 0
        while i < n and words1[i] == words2[i]:
            i += 1
        while j < n and words1[m - 1 - j] == words2[n - 1 - j]:
            j += 1
        return i + j >= n

Java

class Solution {
    public boolean areSentencesSimilar(String sentence1, String sentence2) {
        var words1 = sentence1.split(" ");
        var words2 = sentence2.split(" ");
        if (words1.length < words2.length) {
            var t = words1;
            words1 = words2;
            words2 = t;
        }
        int m = words1.length, n = words2.length;
        int i = 0, j = 0;
        while (i < n && words1[i].equals(words2[i])) {
            ++i;
        }
        while (j < n && words1[m - 1 - j].equals(words2[n - 1 - j])) {
            ++j;
        }
        return i + j >= n;
    }
}

C++

class Solution {
public:
    bool areSentencesSimilar(string sentence1, string sentence2) {
        auto words1 = split(sentence1, ' ');
        auto words2 = split(sentence2, ' ');
        if (words1.size() < words2.size()) {
            swap(words1, words2);
        }
        int m = words1.size(), n = words2.size();
        int i = 0, j = 0;
        while (i < n && words1[i] == words2[i]) {
            ++i;
        }
        while (j < n && words1[m - 1 - j] == words2[n - 1 - j]) {
            ++j;
        }
        return i + j >= n;
    }

    vector<string> split(string& s, char delim) {
        stringstream ss(s);
        string item;
        vector<string> res;
        while (getline(ss, item, delim)) {
            res.emplace_back(item);
        }
        return res;
    }
};

Go

func areSentencesSimilar(sentence1 string, sentence2 string) bool {
	words1, words2 := strings.Fields(sentence1), strings.Fields(sentence2)
	if len(words1) < len(words2) {
		words1, words2 = words2, words1
	}
	m, n := len(words1), len(words2)
	i, j := 0, 0
	for i < n && words1[i] == words2[i] {
		i++
	}
	for j < n && words1[m-1-j] == words2[n-1-j] {
		j++
	}
	return i+j >= n
}

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