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Development environment set-up.

  • Switching from python 2 to python 3 version.
  • Installing pipenv using pip3.
  • Installing dependencies using pipenv.
  • Creating a starter project using django-admin.
  • Running the basic migration with SQLite.
  • Creating a super user account.

Switching python 2 into python 3 version.

Python 2 will be no longer maintain until 2020, so its ideal if we switch to it's newer version you can read more about

  1. First we need to check the available versions of python.
ls /usr/bin/python*

It will display the python version's installed in your computer:

dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~$ ls /usr/bin/python*
/usr/bin/python     /usr/bin/python3           /usr/bin/python3.6m         /usr/bin/python3.7m      /usr/bin/python3m-config
/usr/bin/python2    /usr/bin/python3.6         /usr/bin/python3.6m-config  /usr/bin/python3-config
/usr/bin/python2.7  /usr/bin/python3.6-config  /usr/bin/python3.7          /usr/bin/python3m

if havent installed python 3 : Install-python-3-7-on-ubuntu-18-04.

  1. Next edit ./bashrc.
sudo nano ~/.bashrc
  1. Set alias for python and point the version you may want in this case python3.7.
alias python='/usr/bin/python3.7'
  1. Reload the .bashrc.
source ~/.bashrc
  1. Finally we can check the new version.
dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~$ python --version
Python 3.7.4

Installing pipenv using pip3.

Python pip is a package manager for Python.

Installation:

sudo apt install python3-pip
#for python 2: sudo apt install python-pip

Setting alias pip3 as pip

  1. Find the pip3 path.
dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app$ whereis pip3
pip3: /usr/bin/pip3 /home/dev-mentor/.pyenv/shims/pip3.7 /home/dev-mentor/.pyenv/shims/pip3 /usr/share/man/man1/pip3.1.gz
  1. After that we need to update our .bashrc.
sudo nano ~/.bashrc

and set alias pip by pointing its path.

alias pip='/usr/bin/pip3'
  1. Reload shell
source ~/.bashrc
  1. Done !
dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app$ pip --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.6)

Installing pipenv

Pipenv is a tool that aims to bring the best of all packaging worlds (bundler, composer, npm, cargo, yarn, etc.)

sudo pip3 install pipenv
#for python 2 version: sudo pip install pipenv

Check both versions.

dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~$ pip --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.6)
dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~$ pipenv --version
pipenv, version 2018.11.26

Installing project dependencies using pipenv.

  1. First we need to create our project container called my-app.
mkdir my-app && cd my-app
  1. We also need to initialize our virtual environment.
pipenv --three
  1. Install python3.
pipenv --python 3.7
  1. Install Django.
pipenv install Django==2.2.6
  1. Activate the virtual environment.
pipenv shell

Done:

(my-app) dev-100@dev100-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app$
Pipfile  Pipfile.lock

(my-app) = Our active virtual environment.

Pipfile = Handles the virtual environment packages and settings.

Our created Pipfile:

[[source]]                          # Here goes your package sources (where you are downloading your packages from).
name = "pypi"
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true

[dev-packages]                      # The required development packages

[packages]                          # The required package to run application
django = "==2.2.6"                 

[requires]                          # The required python version
python_version = "3.6"

Example of what we have installed in (my-app) environment:

An image of packages

Creating starter project with django-admin.

Django Admin is a ready-to-use user interface for administrative activities. We all know how an admin interface is important for a web project. Django automatically generates admin UI based on your project models Read more.

  1. Since we installed Django, we can double check the version.
# If django-admin is not defined or shows with error you can install it by : pip install django

django-admin --version
  1. Initialize django project called sample.
django-admin startproject sample

We successfully created our sample app folder structure.

(my-app) dev-mentor@devmentor-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app$ tree
.
├── Pipfile
├── Pipfile.lock
└── sample
    ├── manage.py
    └── sample
        ├── __init__.py
        ├── settings.py
        ├── urls.py
        └── wsgi.py

2 directories, 7 files
  1. Next to sample folder.
cd sample
  1. Try running our app.
python manage.py runserver

Output:

(my-app) dev-100@dev100-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app$ python3 manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 13 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.

October 04, 2019 - 06:20:18
Django version 1.11.25, using settings 'test_project.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

Welcome Page

Host: http://127.0.0.1:8000/

An image of welcome landing page

ctrl+d = Will exit (my-app) virtual environment.

ctrl+c = Quit server.

Running basic migration with SQLite.

By default Django comes with default database setting which is sqlite, to create the tables type python manage.py migrate.

(my-app) dev-100@dev100-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app/sample$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
  Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
(my-app) dev-100@dev100-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app/sample$

Creating a super user account.

  1. After a successfull migration, you may want to create superuser that we will use to logged in into our admin dashboard.
python manage.py createsuperuser

django will ask some basic details for our superuser account.

(my-app) dev-100@dev100-PC-MK34LEZCBEAD:~/Downloads/my-app/sample$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'dev-100'): admin
Email address: [email protected]
Password: 
Password (again): 
Superuser created successfully.
  1. After that serve our application folder.
python manage.py runserver
  1. Next navigate to admin dashboard, you should now able to login as superuser account.
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin

Super admin panel after successfull logged in and migration:

An image of admin panel

Done!

Django-rest-framework