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Code Style

The intent here is to maintain a common style across the project and rely on the process to enforce it instead of individuals.

Automated code style check

The pom.xml is configured to enforce a coding style defined in checkstyle.xml when maven validate phase executed.

Formatting

The project uses formatting rules described in .editorconfig file. Most of the popular IDEs have support of it. For example, in IntelliJ IDEA hit Code -> Reformat Code to organize your code.

Code conventions

Max line length

Line length is limited to 120 columns for *.java files. Other file types are unrestricted.

Transitive dependencies

Don't use transitive dependencies in project code. If it needed, recommended adding a library as a dependency of Maven in pom.xml directly.

Add library as maven dependency

It is recommended to define version of library to separate property in pom.xml:

<project>
    <properties>
        <caffeine.version>2.6.2</caffeine.version>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.ben-manes.caffeine</groupId>
            <artifactId>caffeine</artifactId>
            <version>${caffeine.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Avoid wildcards in imports

Do not use wildcard in imports because they hide what exactly is required by the class.

// bad
import java.util.*;

// good
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

Variable and method naming

Prefer to use camelCase naming convention for variables and methods.

// bad
String account_id = "id";

// good
String accountId = "id";

Name of variable should be self-explanatory:

// bad
String s = resolveParamA();

// good
String resolvedParamA = resolveParamA();

This helps other developers flesh your code out better without additional questions.

For Maps it is recommended to use To between key and value designation:

// bad
Map<Imp, ExtImp> map = getData();

// good
Map<Imp, ExtImp> impToExt = getData();

Make variables final

It is recommended to declare variable as final- not strict but rather project convention to keep the code safe.

// bad
String value = "value";

// good
final String value = "value";

Ternary expressions

Results of long ternary operators should be on separate lines:

// bad
boolean result = someVeryVeryLongConditionThatForcesLineWrap ? firstResult
    : secondResult;

// good
boolean result = someVeryVeryLongConditionThatForcesLineWrap
    ? firstResult
    : secondResult;

Not so strict, but short ternary operations should be on one line:

// bad
boolean result = someShortCondition
    ? firstResult
    : secondResult;

// good
boolean result = someShortCondition ? firstResult : secondResult;

Nested method calls

Try to avoid hard-readable multiple nested method calls:

// bad
int resolvedValue = resolveValue(fetchExternalJson(url, httpClient), populateAdditionalKeys(mainKeys, keyResolver));

// good
String externalJson = fetchExternalJson(url, httpClient);
List<Key> additionalKeys = fetchAdditionalKeys(mainKeys, keyResolver);
int resolvedValue = resolveValue(externalJson, additionalKeys);

Data retrieval calls of same result

Try not to retrieve same data more than once:

// bad
if (getData() != null) {
    final Data resolvedData = resolveData(getData());
    ...
}

// good
final Data data = getData();
if (data != null) {
    final Data resolvedData = resolveData(data);
    ...
}

Check for NULL

If you're dealing with incoming data, please be sure to check if the nested object is not null before chaining.

// bad
final ExtRequestTargeting targeting = bidRequest.getExt().getPrebid().getTargeting();

// good
final ExtRequest requestExt = bidRequest.getExt();
final ExtRequestPrebid prebid = requestExt != null ? requestExt.getPrebid() : null;
final ExtRequestTargeting targeting = prebid != null ? prebid.getTargeting() : null;

For convenience, the org.prebid.server.util.ObjectUtil helper can be used for such kind of operations.

Garbage code

Don't leave commented code (don't think about the future).

// bad
// String iWillUseThisLater = "never";

You can always add it later when it will be really desired.

Privacy

It is strictly prohibited to log any kind of private data about publisher, exchanges or similar sensitive information. The idea is to keep this open-source project safe as far as possible.

Tests

The code should be covered over 90%.

Given-When-Then approach

The common way for writing tests has to comply with given-when-then style.

// given
final BidRequest bidRequest = BidRequest.builder().id("").build();

// when
final ValidationResult result = requestValidator.validate(bidRequest);

// then
assertThat(result.getErrors()).containsOnly("request missing required field: \"id\"");

where:

  • given - initial state, data or conditions.
  • when - stimulus: some action against the system under test.
  • then - expectations/assertions.

Real data in tests

Don't use real information in tests, like existing endpoint URLs, account IDs, etc.

// bad
String ENDPOINT_URL = "https://prebid.org";

// good
String ENDPOINT_URL = "https://test-endpoint.url";

Bidder smoke tests

Along with regular unit-tests bidder's writer should provide smoke (historically we call them integration) tests. Those tests are located at src/test/java/org/prebid/server/it folder.

The idea behind the smoke bidder test is to verify PBS can start up with supplied bidder configuration and to check the simplest basic happy-path scenario which bidder code should do. Thus, the OpenRTB JSON request file (see the examples in src/test/resources/org/prebid/server/it/openrtb2 folder)might contain exactly single bidder under testing and one impression with single media type.

{
    "id": "request_id",
    "imp": [
        {
            "id": "imp_id",
            "banner": {
                "w": 320,
                "h": 250
            },
            "ext": {
                "bidder_name": {
                    "param1": "value1"
                }
            }
        }
    ],
    "tmax": 5000,
    "regs": {
        "ext": {
            "gdpr": 0
        }
    }
}

All possible scenarios for testing functionality must be covered by bidder's unit-tests.