diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 42a2607c..cd008277 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ Collate:
     'geom-intervals.r'
     'geom-isoline.r'
     'geom-origin.r'
-    'geom-text-radiate.r'
     'geom-utils.r'
     'geom-vector.r'
     'methods-base-eigen.r'
diff --git a/NAMESPACE b/NAMESPACE
index 9bdf742f..1dae1949 100644
--- a/NAMESPACE
+++ b/NAMESPACE
@@ -189,7 +189,6 @@ export(GeomIsoline)
 export(GeomLineranges)
 export(GeomOrigin)
 export(GeomPointranges)
-export(GeomTextRadiate)
 export(GeomUnitCircle)
 export(GeomVector)
 export(StatCenter)
@@ -239,7 +238,6 @@ export(geom_cols_point)
 export(geom_cols_pointranges)
 export(geom_cols_polygon)
 export(geom_cols_text)
-export(geom_cols_text_radiate)
 export(geom_cols_text_repel)
 export(geom_cols_vector)
 export(geom_isoline)
@@ -257,10 +255,8 @@ export(geom_rows_point)
 export(geom_rows_pointranges)
 export(geom_rows_polygon)
 export(geom_rows_text)
-export(geom_rows_text_radiate)
 export(geom_rows_text_repel)
 export(geom_rows_vector)
-export(geom_text_radiate)
 export(geom_text_repel)
 export(geom_unit_circle)
 export(geom_vector)
diff --git a/R/geom-text-radiate.r b/R/geom-text-radiate.r
deleted file mode 100644
index cf0d8927..00000000
--- a/R/geom-text-radiate.r
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-#' @title Text radiating outward from the origin
-#' 
-
-#' @description `geom_text_radiate()` is adapted from `ggbiplot()` in the
-#'   off-CRAN extensions of the same name (Vu, 2014; Telford, 2017; Gegzna,
-#'   2018). It renders text at specified positions and angles that radiate out
-#'   from the origin.
-#' @template biplot-layers
-
-#' @section Aesthetics:
-
-#' `geom_text_radiate()` understands the following aesthetics (required
-#' aesthetics are in bold):
-
-#' - **`x`**
-#' - **`y`**
-#' - **`label`**
-#' - `alpha`
-#' - `angle`
-#' - `colour`
-#' - `family`
-#' - `fontface`
-#' - `hjust`
-#' - `lineheight`
-#' - `size`
-#' - `vjust`
-#' - `group`
-#' 
-
-#' @template ref-ggbiplot
-
-#' @import ggplot2
-#' @inheritParams ggplot2::geom_text
-#' @template return-layer
-#' @family geom layers
-#' @export
-geom_text_radiate <- function(
-  mapping = NULL, data = NULL, stat = "identity", position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA, inherit.aes = TRUE
-) {
-  layer(
-    data = data,
-    mapping = mapping,
-    stat = stat,
-    geom = GeomTextRadiate,
-    position = position,
-    show.legend = show.legend,
-    inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
-    params = list(
-      parse = parse,
-      check_overlap = check_overlap,
-      na.rm = na.rm,
-      ...
-    )
-  )
-}
-
-#' @rdname ordr-ggproto
-#' @format NULL
-#' @usage NULL
-#' @export
-GeomTextRadiate <- ggproto(
-  "GeomTextRadiate", GeomText,
-  
-  draw_panel = function(
-    data, panel_params, coord,
-    parse = FALSE,
-    na.rm = FALSE,
-    check_overlap = FALSE
-  ) {
-    
-    if (is.character(data$hjust)) {
-      data$hjust <- compute_just(data$hjust, data$x)
-    }
-    data$hjust <- 0.5 + (data$hjust - 0.625 - 0.5) * sign(data$x)
-    data$angle <- as.numeric(data$angle) + (180 / pi) * atan(data$y / data$x)
-    
-    lab <- data$label
-    if (parse) {
-      lab <- parse_safe(as.character(lab))
-    }
-    
-    data <- coord$transform(data, panel_params)
-    if (is.character(data$vjust)) {
-      data$vjust <- compute_just(data$vjust, data$y)
-    }
-    if (is.character(data$hjust)) {
-      data$hjust <- compute_just(data$hjust, data$x)
-    }
-    
-    grid::textGrob(
-      lab,
-      data$x, data$y, default.units = "native",
-      hjust = data$hjust, vjust = data$vjust,
-      rot = data$angle,
-      gp = grid::gpar(
-        col = alpha(data$colour, data$alpha),
-        fontsize = data$size * .pt,
-        fontfamily = data$family,
-        fontface = data$fontface,
-        lineheight = data$lineheight
-      ),
-      check.overlap = check_overlap
-    )
-  }
-)
diff --git a/R/geom-vector.r b/R/geom-vector.r
index 64e7522e..064b08a6 100644
--- a/R/geom-vector.r
+++ b/R/geom-vector.r
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #' @title Vectors from the origin
 #' 
 
-#' @description `geom_vector()` renders arrows from the origin to points.
+#' @description `geom_vector()` renders arrows from the origin to points,
+#'   optionally with text radiating outward. This layer is adapted from
+#'   `ggbiplot()` in the off-CRAN extensions of the same name (Vu, 2014;
+#'   Telford, 2017; Gegzna, 2018).
 #' @template biplot-layers
 
 #' @section Aesthetics:
@@ -14,22 +17,32 @@
 #' - `alpha`
 #' - `colour`
 #' - `linetype`
+#' - `label`
 #' - `size`
+#' - `angle`, `hjust`, `vjust`
+#' - `label_colour`, `label_alpha`
+#' - `family`, `fontface`, `lineheight`
 #' - `group`
 #' 
 
+#' @template ref-ggbiplot
+
 #' @import ggplot2
 #' @inheritParams ggplot2::layer
+#' @inheritParams ggplot2::geom_segment
 #' @template param-geom
 #' @param arrow Specification for arrows, as created by [grid::arrow()], or else
 #'   `NULL` for no arrows.
+#' @param vector_labels Logical; whether to include labels radiating outward
+#'   from the vectors.
 #' @template return-layer
 #' @family geom layers
 #' @example inst/examples/ex-geom-vector-iris.r
 #' @export
 geom_vector <- function(
   mapping = NULL, data = NULL, stat = "identity", position = "identity",
-  arrow = default_arrow,
+  arrow = default_arrow, lineend = "round", linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA, inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -43,8 +56,9 @@ geom_vector <- function(
     show.legend = show.legend,
     inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
     params = list(
+      arrow = arrow, lineend = lineend, linejoin = linejoin,
+      vector_labels = vector_labels,
       na.rm = na.rm,
-      arrow = arrow,
       ...
     )
   )
@@ -55,9 +69,17 @@ geom_vector <- function(
 #' @usage NULL
 #' @export
 GeomVector <- ggproto(
-  "GeomVector", GeomSegment,
+  "GeomVector", Geom,
   
   required_aes = c("x", "y"),
+  non_missing_aes = c("xend", "yend", "linetype", "linewidth", "angle"),
+  
+  default_aes = aes(
+    colour = "black", linewidth = 0.5, linetype = 1, alpha = NA,
+    label = "", size = 3.88, angle = 0, hjust = .5, vjust = .5,
+    label_colour = "black", label_alpha = NA,
+    family = "", fontface = 1, lineheight = 1.2
+  ),
   
   setup_data = function(data, params) {
     # all vectors have tails at the origin
@@ -69,20 +91,76 @@ GeomVector <- ggproto(
   
   draw_panel = function(
     data, panel_params, coord,
-    arrow = default_arrow,
-    lineend = "round", linejoin = "mitre",
+    vector_labels = TRUE,
+    arrow = default_arrow, lineend = "round", linejoin = "mitre",
+    parse = FALSE, check_overlap = FALSE,
     na.rm = FALSE
   ) {
+    
     if (! coord$is_linear()) {
       warning("Vectors are not yet tailored to non-linear coordinates.")
     }
+    
+    # initialize grob list
+    grobs <- list()
+    
     # reverse ends of `arrow`
     if (! is.null(arrow)) arrow$ends <- c(2L, 1L, 3L)[arrow$ends]
     
-    GeomSegment$draw_panel(
+    grobs <- c(grobs, list(GeomSegment$draw_panel(
       data = data, panel_params = panel_params, coord = coord,
       arrow = arrow, lineend = lineend, linejoin = linejoin,
       na.rm = na.rm
-    )
+    )))
+    
+    if (vector_labels) {
+      label_data <- data
+      
+      # specify aesthetics (if necessary)
+      label_data$colour <- label_data$label_colour
+      label_data$alpha <- label_data$label_alpha
+      label_data$label_colour <- label_data$label_alpha <- NULL
+      
+      if (is.character(label_data$hjust)) {
+        label_data$hjust <- compute_just(label_data$hjust, label_data$x)
+      }
+      label_data$hjust <- 
+        0.5 + (label_data$hjust - 0.625 - 0.5) * sign(label_data$x)
+      label_data$angle <- 
+        as.numeric(label_data$angle) + 
+        (180 / pi) * atan(label_data$y / label_data$x)
+      
+      lab <- label_data$label
+      if (parse) {
+        lab <- parse_safe(as.character(lab))
+      }
+      
+      label_data <- coord$transform(label_data, panel_params)
+      if (is.character(label_data$vjust)) {
+        label_data$vjust <- compute_just(label_data$vjust, label_data$y)
+      }
+      if (is.character(label_data$hjust)) {
+        label_data$hjust <- compute_just(label_data$hjust, label_data$x)
+      }
+      
+      grobs <- c(grobs, list(grid::textGrob(
+        lab,
+        label_data$x, label_data$y, default.units = "native",
+        hjust = label_data$hjust, vjust = label_data$vjust,
+        rot = label_data$angle,
+        gp = grid::gpar(
+          col = alpha(label_data$colour, label_data$alpha),
+          fontsize = label_data$size * .pt,
+          fontfamily = label_data$family,
+          fontface = label_data$fontface,
+          lineheight = label_data$lineheight
+        ),
+        check.overlap = check_overlap
+      )))
+    }
+    
+    grob <- do.call(grid::grobTree, grobs)
+    grob$name <- grid::grobName(grob, "geom_vector")
+    grob
   }
 )
diff --git a/R/zzz-biplot-geoms.r b/R/zzz-biplot-geoms.r
index 8fe4acc5..4b4cd030 100644
--- a/R/zzz-biplot-geoms.r
+++ b/R/zzz-biplot-geoms.r
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 #' @inheritParams geom_lineranges
 #' @inheritParams geom_pointranges
 #' @inheritParams geom_isoline
-#' @inheritParams geom_text_radiate
 #' @inheritParams geom_vector
 NULL
 
@@ -239,6 +238,7 @@ geom_rows_text <- function(
   nudge_x = 0,
   nudge_y = 0,
   check_overlap = FALSE,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ geom_rows_text <- function(
     params = list(
       parse = parse,
       check_overlap = check_overlap,
+      size.unit = size.unit,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
@@ -279,6 +280,7 @@ geom_cols_text <- function(
   nudge_x = 0,
   nudge_y = 0,
   check_overlap = FALSE,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -301,6 +303,7 @@ geom_cols_text <- function(
     params = list(
       parse = parse,
       check_overlap = check_overlap,
+      size.unit = size.unit,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
@@ -321,6 +324,7 @@ geom_rows_label <- function(
   label.padding = unit(0.25, "lines"),
   label.r = unit(0.15, "lines"),
   label.size = 0.25,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -345,6 +349,7 @@ geom_rows_label <- function(
       label.padding = label.padding,
       label.r = label.r,
       label.size = label.size,
+      size.unit = size.unit,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
@@ -365,6 +370,7 @@ geom_cols_label <- function(
   label.padding = unit(0.25, "lines"),
   label.r = unit(0.15, "lines"),
   label.size = 0.25,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -389,6 +395,7 @@ geom_cols_label <- function(
       label.padding = label.padding,
       label.r = label.r,
       label.size = label.size,
+      size.unit = size.unit,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
@@ -951,68 +958,6 @@ geom_cols_isoline <- function(
   )
 }
 
-#' @rdname biplot-geoms
-#' @export
-geom_rows_text_radiate <- function(
-  mapping = NULL,
-  data = NULL,
-  stat = "identity",
-  position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA,
-  inherit.aes = TRUE
-) {
-  layer(
-    mapping = mapping,
-    data = data,
-    stat = rows_stat(stat),
-    geom = GeomTextRadiate,
-    position = position,
-    show.legend = show.legend,
-    inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
-    params = list(
-      parse = parse,
-      check_overlap = check_overlap,
-      na.rm = na.rm,
-      ...
-    )
-  )
-}
-
-#' @rdname biplot-geoms
-#' @export
-geom_cols_text_radiate <- function(
-  mapping = NULL,
-  data = NULL,
-  stat = "identity",
-  position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA,
-  inherit.aes = TRUE
-) {
-  layer(
-    mapping = mapping,
-    data = data,
-    stat = cols_stat(stat),
-    geom = GeomTextRadiate,
-    position = position,
-    show.legend = show.legend,
-    inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
-    params = list(
-      parse = parse,
-      check_overlap = check_overlap,
-      na.rm = na.rm,
-      ...
-    )
-  )
-}
-
 #' @rdname biplot-geoms
 #' @export
 geom_rows_vector <- function(
@@ -1021,6 +966,9 @@ geom_rows_vector <- function(
   stat = "identity",
   position = "identity",
   arrow = default_arrow,
+  lineend = "round",
+  linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
@@ -1036,6 +984,9 @@ geom_rows_vector <- function(
     inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
     params = list(
       arrow = arrow,
+      lineend = lineend,
+      linejoin = linejoin,
+      vector_labels = vector_labels,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
@@ -1050,6 +1001,9 @@ geom_cols_vector <- function(
   stat = "identity",
   position = "identity",
   arrow = default_arrow,
+  lineend = "round",
+  linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
@@ -1065,6 +1019,9 @@ geom_cols_vector <- function(
     inherit.aes = inherit.aes,
     params = list(
       arrow = arrow,
+      lineend = lineend,
+      linejoin = linejoin,
+      vector_labels = vector_labels,
       na.rm = na.rm,
       ...
     )
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d99bcb56..844ec097 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -229,8 +229,7 @@ appropriate subsets:[^8]
 ggbiplot(iris_pca, sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 2) +
   geom_rows_point(aes(color = Species, shape = Species)) +
   stat_rows_ellipse(aes(color = Species), alpha = .5, level = .99) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name)) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name)) +
   expand_limits(y = c(-3.5, NA)) +
   ggtitle("PCA of Anderson's iris measurements",
           "99% confidence ellipses; variables use top & right axes")
diff --git a/README.rmd b/README.rmd
index 767b26ff..c1fa7748 100644
--- a/README.rmd
+++ b/README.rmd
@@ -120,8 +120,7 @@ Following **ggplot2**, the `fortify()` method row-binds the factor tibbles with
 ggbiplot(iris_pca, sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 2) +
   geom_rows_point(aes(color = Species, shape = Species)) +
   stat_rows_ellipse(aes(color = Species), alpha = .5, level = .99) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name)) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name)) +
   expand_limits(y = c(-3.5, NA)) +
   ggtitle("PCA of Anderson's iris measurements",
           "99% confidence ellipses; variables use top & right axes")
diff --git a/build-pre/build-layers.r b/build-pre/build-layers.r
index ae812ffd..b87a4b65 100644
--- a/build-pre/build-layers.r
+++ b/build-pre/build-layers.r
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ param_trans <- c(
 # necessary internal functions not exported from their home packages
 # -+- currently only put in geoms file; need to distinguish -+-
 get_from <- c(
-  # `geom_text_radiate()`
+  # `geom_vector()`
   compute_just = "ggplot2",
   # `geom_text_repel()`
   to_unit = "ggrepel"
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-fun-lda-iris.r b/inst/examples/ex-fun-lda-iris.r
index 720a366c..0c36f587 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-fun-lda-iris.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-fun-lda-iris.r
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ iris_lda %>%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Unstandardized coefficient biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-3, 5))
@@ -57,8 +56,7 @@ iris_lda %>%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Standardized coefficient biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-2, 3))
@@ -88,8 +86,7 @@ iris_lda %>%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Contribution biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-2, 3.5))
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-geom-isoline-glass.r b/inst/examples/ex-geom-isoline-glass.r
index dc881d8a..fbcc796a 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-geom-isoline-glass.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-geom-isoline-glass.r
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ glass_lda %>%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), elements = "active") +
   theme_bw() + theme_biplot() +
   geom_rows_text() +
-  geom_cols_vector(subset = c(1, 3, 4)) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(subset = c(1, 3, 4), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(subset = c(1, 3, 4), size = 3) +
   geom_cols_isoline(subset = c(1, 3, 4), alpha = .25, num = 4L,
                     label_dodge = -.03, text_alpha = .5, text_size = 3) +
   ggtitle(
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-geom-unit-circle-glass.r b/inst/examples/ex-geom-unit-circle-glass.r
index 4929bdad..d1981276 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-geom-unit-circle-glass.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-geom-unit-circle-glass.r
@@ -15,5 +15,4 @@ glass_pca %>%
   theme_biplot() +
   geom_rows_point(aes(color = site, shape = form), alpha = .5) +
   geom_unit_circle(alpha = .5, scale.factor = 3) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate()
+  geom_cols_vector()
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-geom-vector-iris.r b/inst/examples/ex-geom-vector-iris.r
index 68172968..3a5d4a01 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-geom-vector-iris.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-geom-vector-iris.r
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ iris_pca %>%
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_unit_circle() +
   geom_rows_point(alpha = .5) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle("Row-principal unscaled PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements") +
   expand_limits(y = c(NA, 2))
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-key-iris.r b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-key-iris.r
index 2c9fda73..cd98a347 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-key-iris.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-key-iris.r
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ iris[, -5] %>%
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_lineranges(fun.data = mean_sdl, linewidth = .75) +
   geom_rows_point(alpha = .5) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), color = "#444444", size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#444444", size = 3) +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris data",
     "Ranges 2 sample standard deviations from centroids"
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-lm-mtcars.r b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-lm-mtcars.r
index 6ce4fe85..58992106 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-lm-mtcars.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-lm-mtcars.r
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ ggbiplot(mtcars_specs_pca, aes(label = name),
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_rows_text(size = 3) +
   geom_cols_vector(data = mtcars_pca_lm) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(data = mtcars_pca_lm) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2.5, 2))
 
 # multidimensional scaling based on a scaled cosine distance of vehicle specs
@@ -65,5 +64,4 @@ ggbiplot(mtcars_specs_cmds_ord, aes(label = name),
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_rows_text(size = 3) +
   geom_cols_vector(data = mtcars_cmds_lm) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(data = mtcars_cmds_lm) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2.25, 1.25), y = c(-2, 1.5))
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-secaxis-iris.r b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-secaxis-iris.r
index 687743c2..1082b1da 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-secaxis-iris.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-ggbiplot-secaxis-iris.r
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ iris_pca %>%
   theme_bw() +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_point() +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements",
     "Variable loadings scaled to secondary axes"
@@ -27,8 +26,7 @@ iris_pca %>%
   theme_bw() +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_point() +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements",
     "Variable loadings scaled to secondary axes"
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-methods-cancor-savings.r b/inst/examples/ex-methods-cancor-savings.r
index 80ccc92c..229bf0d9 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-methods-cancor-savings.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-methods-cancor-savings.r
@@ -31,5 +31,4 @@ savings_cca %>%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 5L) +
   theme_biplot() +
   geom_cols_vector(elements = "active") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(elements = "active") +
   geom_rows_text(elements = "score", subset = seq(50L))
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-methods-factanal-swiss.r b/inst/examples/ex-methods-factanal-swiss.r
index c21b5cf8..1c06f94e 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-methods-factanal-swiss.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-methods-factanal-swiss.r
@@ -20,6 +20,5 @@ head(get_rows(swiss_fa, elements = "score"))
 swiss_fa %>%
   ggbiplot() +
   theme_bw() +
-  geom_cols_vector(aes(color = uniqueness)) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name)) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(color = uniqueness, label = name)) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2, 2.5), y = c(-1.5, 2))
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-stat-chull-spend.r b/inst/examples/ex-stat-chull-spend.r
index 08547e1e..765b889a 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-stat-chull-spend.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-stat-chull-spend.r
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ USPersonalExpenditure %>%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), clip = "off",
            sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 50) +
   geom_rows_label(size = 3) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
   # omit labels in the conical hull without the origin
+  geom_cols_vector(vector_labels = FALSE) +
   stat_cols_cone(linetype = "dotted") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(stat = "cone") +
+  geom_cols_vector(stat = "cone", vector_labels = TRUE, color = "transparent") +
   ggtitle(
     "U.S. Personal Expenditure data, 1940-1960",
     "Row-principal biplot of centered PCA"
diff --git a/inst/examples/ex-stat-matrix-swiss.r b/inst/examples/ex-stat-matrix-swiss.r
index 9bb49cc0..e56eac6d 100644
--- a/inst/examples/ex-stat-matrix-swiss.r
+++ b/inst/examples/ex-stat-matrix-swiss.r
@@ -11,5 +11,4 @@ ggbiplot(swiss_fa) +
   geom_rows_point(elements = "score") +
   geom_rows_text(aes(label = name), elements = "score", subset = c(1, 4, 18)) +
   scale_alpha_manual(values = c(0, 1), guide = "none") +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name))
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name))
diff --git a/man/biplot-geoms.Rd b/man/biplot-geoms.Rd
index 25c500ec..67468b3e 100644
--- a/man/biplot-geoms.Rd
+++ b/man/biplot-geoms.Rd
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
 \alias{geom_cols_pointranges}
 \alias{geom_rows_isoline}
 \alias{geom_cols_isoline}
-\alias{geom_rows_text_radiate}
-\alias{geom_cols_text_radiate}
 \alias{geom_rows_vector}
 \alias{geom_cols_vector}
 \title{Convenience geoms for row and column matrix factors}
@@ -116,6 +114,7 @@ geom_rows_text(
   nudge_x = 0,
   nudge_y = 0,
   check_overlap = FALSE,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -131,6 +130,7 @@ geom_cols_text(
   nudge_x = 0,
   nudge_y = 0,
   check_overlap = FALSE,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@ geom_rows_label(
   label.padding = unit(0.25, "lines"),
   label.r = unit(0.15, "lines"),
   label.size = 0.25,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -165,6 +166,7 @@ geom_cols_label(
   label.padding = unit(0.25, "lines"),
   label.r = unit(0.15, "lines"),
   label.size = 0.25,
+  size.unit = "mm",
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
   inherit.aes = TRUE
@@ -408,38 +410,15 @@ geom_cols_isoline(
   inherit.aes = TRUE
 )
 
-geom_rows_text_radiate(
-  mapping = NULL,
-  data = NULL,
-  stat = "identity",
-  position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA,
-  inherit.aes = TRUE
-)
-
-geom_cols_text_radiate(
-  mapping = NULL,
-  data = NULL,
-  stat = "identity",
-  position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA,
-  inherit.aes = TRUE
-)
-
 geom_rows_vector(
   mapping = NULL,
   data = NULL,
   stat = "identity",
   position = "identity",
   arrow = default_arrow,
+  lineend = "round",
+  linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
@@ -452,6 +431,9 @@ geom_cols_vector(
   stat = "identity",
   position = "identity",
   arrow = default_arrow,
+  lineend = "round",
+  linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
@@ -546,6 +528,10 @@ the order of the data. Therefore data should be arranged by the label
 column before calling \code{geom_text()}. Note that this argument is not
 supported by \code{geom_label()}.}
 
+\item{size.unit}{How the \code{size} aesthetic is interpreted: as millimetres
+(\code{"mm"}, default), points (\code{"pt"}), centimetres (\code{"cm"}), inches (\code{"in"}),
+or picas (\code{"pc"}).}
+
 \item{label.padding}{Amount of padding around label. Defaults to 0.25 lines.}
 
 \item{label.r}{Radius of rounded corners. Defaults to 0.15 lines.}
@@ -611,6 +597,9 @@ or isoline, as a proportion of the minimum of the plot width and height.}
 
 \item{isoline_text}{Logical; whether to include text value marks along the
 isolines.}
+
+\item{vector_labels}{Logical; whether to include labels radiating outward
+from the vectors.}
 }
 \value{
 A ggproto \link[ggplot2:layer]{layer}.
diff --git a/man/draw-key.Rd b/man/draw-key.Rd
index f3fdffe7..8f2eb0a2 100644
--- a/man/draw-key.Rd
+++ b/man/draw-key.Rd
@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ iris[, -5] \%>\%
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_lineranges(fun.data = mean_sdl, linewidth = .75) +
   geom_rows_point(alpha = .5) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), color = "#444444", size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#444444", size = 3) +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris data",
     "Ranges 2 sample standard deviations from centroids"
diff --git a/man/figures/README-interpolative biplot-1.png b/man/figures/README-interpolative biplot-1.png
index 70182041..180f6f4e 100644
Binary files a/man/figures/README-interpolative biplot-1.png and b/man/figures/README-interpolative biplot-1.png differ
diff --git a/man/figures/README-model components and scree plot-1.png b/man/figures/README-model components and scree plot-1.png
index e653fd67..7333e270 100644
Binary files a/man/figures/README-model components and scree plot-1.png and b/man/figures/README-model components and scree plot-1.png differ
diff --git a/man/figures/README-predictive biplot-1.png b/man/figures/README-predictive biplot-1.png
index a454e5c7..ffd54634 100644
Binary files a/man/figures/README-predictive biplot-1.png and b/man/figures/README-predictive biplot-1.png differ
diff --git a/man/geom_axis.Rd b/man/geom_axis.Rd
index 7adf5498..4a6ad878 100644
--- a/man/geom_axis.Rd
+++ b/man/geom_axis.Rd
@@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ Other geom layers:
 \code{\link{geom_isoline}()},
 \code{\link{geom_lineranges}()},
 \code{\link{geom_origin}()},
-\code{\link{geom_text_radiate}()},
 \code{\link{geom_vector}()}
 }
 \concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/geom_isoline.Rd b/man/geom_isoline.Rd
index 2a49e0d4..d8800c21 100644
--- a/man/geom_isoline.Rd
+++ b/man/geom_isoline.Rd
@@ -162,8 +162,7 @@ glass_lda \%>\%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), elements = "active") +
   theme_bw() + theme_biplot() +
   geom_rows_text() +
-  geom_cols_vector(subset = c(1, 3, 4)) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(subset = c(1, 3, 4), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(subset = c(1, 3, 4), size = 3) +
   geom_cols_isoline(subset = c(1, 3, 4), alpha = .25, num = 4L,
                     label_dodge = -.03, text_alpha = .5, text_size = 3) +
   ggtitle(
@@ -178,7 +177,6 @@ Other geom layers:
 \code{\link{geom_axis}()},
 \code{\link{geom_lineranges}()},
 \code{\link{geom_origin}()},
-\code{\link{geom_text_radiate}()},
 \code{\link{geom_vector}()}
 }
 \concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/geom_lineranges.Rd b/man/geom_lineranges.Rd
index e06d608f..d960cb86 100644
--- a/man/geom_lineranges.Rd
+++ b/man/geom_lineranges.Rd
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ Other geom layers:
 \code{\link{geom_axis}()},
 \code{\link{geom_isoline}()},
 \code{\link{geom_origin}()},
-\code{\link{geom_text_radiate}()},
 \code{\link{geom_vector}()}
 }
 \concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/geom_origin.Rd b/man/geom_origin.Rd
index 5a46d1ff..c76b46f1 100644
--- a/man/geom_origin.Rd
+++ b/man/geom_origin.Rd
@@ -126,15 +126,13 @@ glass_pca \%>\%
   theme_biplot() +
   geom_rows_point(aes(color = site, shape = form), alpha = .5) +
   geom_unit_circle(alpha = .5, scale.factor = 3) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate()
+  geom_cols_vector()
 }
 \seealso{
 Other geom layers: 
 \code{\link{geom_axis}()},
 \code{\link{geom_isoline}()},
 \code{\link{geom_lineranges}()},
-\code{\link{geom_text_radiate}()},
 \code{\link{geom_vector}()}
 }
 \concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/geom_text_radiate.Rd b/man/geom_text_radiate.Rd
deleted file mode 100644
index b9233b39..00000000
--- a/man/geom_text_radiate.Rd
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
-% Please edit documentation in R/geom-text-radiate.r
-\name{geom_text_radiate}
-\alias{geom_text_radiate}
-\title{Text radiating outward from the origin}
-\usage{
-geom_text_radiate(
-  mapping = NULL,
-  data = NULL,
-  stat = "identity",
-  position = "identity",
-  ...,
-  parse = FALSE,
-  check_overlap = FALSE,
-  na.rm = FALSE,
-  show.legend = NA,
-  inherit.aes = TRUE
-)
-}
-\arguments{
-\item{mapping}{Set of aesthetic mappings created by \code{\link[ggplot2:aes]{aes()}}. If specified and
-\code{inherit.aes = TRUE} (the default), it is combined with the default mapping
-at the top level of the plot. You must supply \code{mapping} if there is no plot
-mapping.}
-
-\item{data}{The data to be displayed in this layer. There are three
-options:
-
-If \code{NULL}, the default, the data is inherited from the plot
-data as specified in the call to \code{\link[ggplot2:ggplot]{ggplot()}}.
-
-A \code{data.frame}, or other object, will override the plot
-data. All objects will be fortified to produce a data frame. See
-\code{\link[ggplot2:fortify]{fortify()}} for which variables will be created.
-
-A \code{function} will be called with a single argument,
-the plot data. The return value must be a \code{data.frame}, and
-will be used as the layer data. A \code{function} can be created
-from a \code{formula} (e.g. \code{~ head(.x, 10)}).}
-
-\item{stat}{The statistical transformation to use on the data for this layer.
-When using a \verb{geom_*()} function to construct a layer, the \code{stat}
-argument can be used the override the default coupling between geoms and
-stats. The \code{stat} argument accepts the following:
-\itemize{
-\item A \code{Stat} ggproto subclass, for example \code{StatCount}.
-\item A string naming the stat. To give the stat as a string, strip the
-function name of the \code{stat_} prefix. For example, to use \code{stat_count()},
-give the stat as \code{"count"}.
-\item For more information and other ways to specify the stat, see the
-\link[ggplot2:layer_stats]{layer stat} documentation.
-}}
-
-\item{position}{A position adjustment to use on the data for this layer.
-Cannot be jointy specified with \code{nudge_x} or \code{nudge_y}. This
-can be used in various ways, including to prevent overplotting and
-improving the display. The \code{position} argument accepts the following:
-\itemize{
-\item The result of calling a position function, such as \code{position_jitter()}.
-\item A string nameing the position adjustment. To give the position as a
-string, strip the function name of the \code{position_} prefix. For example,
-to use \code{position_jitter()}, give the position as \code{"jitter"}.
-\item For more information and other ways to specify the position, see the
-\link[ggplot2:layer_positions]{layer position} documentation.
-}}
-
-\item{...}{Other arguments passed on to \code{\link[ggplot2:layer]{layer()}}'s \code{params} argument. These
-arguments broadly fall into one of 4 categories below. Notably, further
-arguments to the \code{position} argument, or aesthetics that are required
-can \emph{not} be passed through \code{...}. Unknown arguments that are not part
-of the 4 categories below are ignored.
-\itemize{
-\item Static aesthetics that are not mapped to a scale, but are at a fixed
-value and apply to the layer as a whole. For example, \code{colour = "red"}
-or \code{linewidth = 3}. The geom's documentation has an \strong{Aesthetics}
-section that lists the available options. The 'required' aesthetics
-cannot be passed on to the \code{params}. Please note that while passing
-unmapped aesthetics as vectors is technically possible, the order and
-required length is not guaranteed to be parallel to the input data.
-\item When constructing a layer using
-a \verb{stat_*()} function, the \code{...} argument can be used to pass on
-parameters to the \code{geom} part of the layer. An example of this is
-\code{stat_density(geom = "area", outline.type = "both")}. The geom's
-documentation lists which parameters it can accept.
-\item Inversely, when constructing a layer using a
-\verb{geom_*()} function, the \code{...} argument can be used to pass on parameters
-to the \code{stat} part of the layer. An example of this is
-\code{geom_area(stat = "density", adjust = 0.5)}. The stat's documentation
-lists which parameters it can accept.
-\item The \code{key_glyph} argument of \code{\link[ggplot2:layer]{layer()}} may also be passed on through
-\code{...}. This can be one of the functions described as
-\link[ggplot2:draw_key]{key glyphs}, to change the display of the layer in the legend.
-}}
-
-\item{parse}{If \code{TRUE}, the labels will be parsed into expressions and
-displayed as described in \code{?plotmath}.}
-
-\item{check_overlap}{If \code{TRUE}, text that overlaps previous text in the
-same layer will not be plotted. \code{check_overlap} happens at draw time and in
-the order of the data. Therefore data should be arranged by the label
-column before calling \code{geom_text()}. Note that this argument is not
-supported by \code{geom_label()}.}
-
-\item{na.rm}{If \code{FALSE}, the default, missing values are removed with
-a warning. If \code{TRUE}, missing values are silently removed.}
-
-\item{show.legend}{logical. Should this layer be included in the legends?
-\code{NA}, the default, includes if any aesthetics are mapped.
-\code{FALSE} never includes, and \code{TRUE} always includes.
-It can also be a named logical vector to finely select the aesthetics to
-display.}
-
-\item{inherit.aes}{If \code{FALSE}, overrides the default aesthetics,
-rather than combining with them. This is most useful for helper functions
-that define both data and aesthetics and shouldn't inherit behaviour from
-the default plot specification, e.g. \code{\link[ggplot2:borders]{borders()}}.}
-}
-\value{
-A ggproto \link[ggplot2:layer]{layer}.
-}
-\description{
-\code{geom_text_radiate()} is adapted from \code{ggbiplot()} in the
-off-CRAN extensions of the same name (Vu, 2014; Telford, 2017; Gegzna,
-2018). It renders text at specified positions and angles that radiate out
-from the origin.
-}
-\section{Biplot layers}{
-
-\code{\link[=ggbiplot]{ggbiplot()}} uses \code{\link[ggplot2:fortify]{ggplot2::fortify()}} internally to produce a single data
-frame with a \code{.matrix} column distinguishing the subjects (\code{"rows"}) and
-variables (\code{"cols"}). The stat layers \code{stat_rows()} and \code{stat_cols()} simply
-filter the data frame to one of these two.
-
-The geom layers \verb{geom_rows_*()} and \verb{geom_cols_*()} call the corresponding
-stat in order to render plot elements for the corresponding factor matrix.
-\verb{geom_dims_*()} selects a default matrix based on common practice, e.g.
-points for rows and arrows for columns.
-}
-
-\section{Aesthetics}{
-
-\code{geom_text_radiate()} understands the following aesthetics (required
-aesthetics are in bold):
-\itemize{
-\item \strong{\code{x}}
-\item \strong{\code{y}}
-\item \strong{\code{label}}
-\item \code{alpha}
-\item \code{angle}
-\item \code{colour}
-\item \code{family}
-\item \code{fontface}
-\item \code{hjust}
-\item \code{lineheight}
-\item \code{size}
-\item \code{vjust}
-\item \code{group}
-}
-}
-
-\references{
-Vincent Q. Vu (2014). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package version
-0.55. \url{https://github.com/vqv/ggbiplot}, \code{experimental} branch
-
-Richard J Telford (2017). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package
-version 0.6. \url{https://github.com/richardjtelford/ggbiplot} (fork),
-\code{experimental} branch
-
-Vilmantas Gegzna (2018). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package
-version 0.55. \url{https://github.com/forked-packages/ggbiplot} (fork), \code{experimental}
-branch
-}
-\seealso{
-Other geom layers: 
-\code{\link{geom_axis}()},
-\code{\link{geom_isoline}()},
-\code{\link{geom_lineranges}()},
-\code{\link{geom_origin}()},
-\code{\link{geom_vector}()}
-}
-\concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/geom_vector.Rd b/man/geom_vector.Rd
index 71680396..3701862e 100644
--- a/man/geom_vector.Rd
+++ b/man/geom_vector.Rd
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ geom_vector(
   stat = "identity",
   position = "identity",
   arrow = default_arrow,
+  lineend = "round",
+  linejoin = "mitre",
+  vector_labels = TRUE,
   ...,
   na.rm = FALSE,
   show.legend = NA,
@@ -66,6 +69,13 @@ to use \code{position_jitter()}, give the position as \code{"jitter"}.
 \item{arrow}{Specification for arrows, as created by \code{\link[grid:arrow]{grid::arrow()}}, or else
 \code{NULL} for no arrows.}
 
+\item{lineend}{Line end style (round, butt, square).}
+
+\item{linejoin}{Line join style (round, mitre, bevel).}
+
+\item{vector_labels}{Logical; whether to include labels radiating outward
+from the vectors.}
+
 \item{...}{Additional arguments passed to \code{\link[ggplot2:layer]{ggplot2::layer()}}.}
 
 \item{na.rm}{Passed to \code{\link[ggplot2:layer]{ggplot2::layer()}}.}
@@ -85,7 +95,10 @@ the default plot specification, e.g. \code{\link[ggplot2:borders]{borders()}}.}
 A ggproto \link[ggplot2:layer]{layer}.
 }
 \description{
-\code{geom_vector()} renders arrows from the origin to points.
+\code{geom_vector()} renders arrows from the origin to points,
+optionally with text radiating outward. This layer is adapted from
+\code{ggbiplot()} in the off-CRAN extensions of the same name (Vu, 2014;
+Telford, 2017; Gegzna, 2018).
 }
 \section{Biplot layers}{
 
@@ -110,7 +123,11 @@ are in bold):
 \item \code{alpha}
 \item \code{colour}
 \item \code{linetype}
+\item \code{label}
 \item \code{size}
+\item \code{angle}, \code{hjust}, \code{vjust}
+\item \code{label_colour}, \code{label_alpha}
+\item \code{family}, \code{fontface}, \code{lineheight}
 \item \code{group}
 }
 }
@@ -126,17 +143,27 @@ iris_pca \%>\%
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_unit_circle() +
   geom_rows_point(alpha = .5) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle("Row-principal unscaled PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements") +
   expand_limits(y = c(NA, 2))
 }
+\references{
+Vincent Q. Vu (2014). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package version
+0.55. \url{https://github.com/vqv/ggbiplot}, \code{experimental} branch
+
+Richard J Telford (2017). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package
+version 0.6. \url{https://github.com/richardjtelford/ggbiplot} (fork),
+\code{experimental} branch
+
+Vilmantas Gegzna (2018). ggbiplot: A 'ggplot2' based biplot. R package
+version 0.55. \url{https://github.com/forked-packages/ggbiplot} (fork), \code{experimental}
+branch
+}
 \seealso{
 Other geom layers: 
 \code{\link{geom_axis}()},
 \code{\link{geom_isoline}()},
 \code{\link{geom_lineranges}()},
-\code{\link{geom_origin}()},
-\code{\link{geom_text_radiate}()}
+\code{\link{geom_origin}()}
 }
 \concept{geom layers}
diff --git a/man/ggbiplot.Rd b/man/ggbiplot.Rd
index cc93f930..2fb52f8e 100644
--- a/man/ggbiplot.Rd
+++ b/man/ggbiplot.Rd
@@ -141,8 +141,7 @@ iris_pca \%>\%
   theme_bw() +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_point() +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements",
     "Variable loadings scaled to secondary axes"
@@ -155,8 +154,7 @@ iris_pca \%>\%
   theme_bw() +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   geom_rows_point() +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#444444") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = measure), color = "#444444") +
   ggtitle(
     "Row-principal PCA biplot of Anderson iris measurements",
     "Variable loadings scaled to secondary axes"
@@ -189,7 +187,6 @@ ggbiplot(mtcars_specs_pca, aes(label = name),
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_rows_text(size = 3) +
   geom_cols_vector(data = mtcars_pca_lm) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(data = mtcars_pca_lm) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2.5, 2))
 
 # multidimensional scaling based on a scaled cosine distance of vehicle specs
@@ -229,7 +226,6 @@ ggbiplot(mtcars_specs_cmds_ord, aes(label = name),
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_rows_text(size = 3) +
   geom_cols_vector(data = mtcars_cmds_lm) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(data = mtcars_cmds_lm) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2.25, 1.25), y = c(-2, 1.5))
 # PCA of iris data
 iris_pca <- ordinate(iris, cols = 1:4, prcomp, scale = TRUE)
diff --git a/man/lda-ord.Rd b/man/lda-ord.Rd
index cfaaf4cd..0e666dcd 100644
--- a/man/lda-ord.Rd
+++ b/man/lda-ord.Rd
@@ -208,8 +208,7 @@ iris_lda \%>\%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Unstandardized coefficient biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-3, 5))
@@ -243,8 +242,7 @@ iris_lda \%>\%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Standardized coefficient biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-2, 3))
@@ -274,8 +272,7 @@ iris_lda \%>\%
     color = grouping,
     size = discriminant, alpha = discriminant
   )) +
-  geom_cols_vector(color = "#888888") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name), size = 3) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name), color = "#888888", size = 3) +
   scale_color_brewer(type = "qual", palette = 2) +
   ggtitle("Contribution biplot of iris LDA") +
   expand_limits(y = c(-2, 3.5))
diff --git a/man/methods-cancor.Rd b/man/methods-cancor.Rd
index 051f2d50..b9ba0896 100644
--- a/man/methods-cancor.Rd
+++ b/man/methods-cancor.Rd
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ savings_cca \%>\%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 5L) +
   theme_biplot() +
   geom_cols_vector(elements = "active") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(elements = "active") +
   geom_rows_text(elements = "score", subset = seq(50L))
 }
 \references{
diff --git a/man/methods-factanal.Rd b/man/methods-factanal.Rd
index 55f18e4a..ff06e8ff 100644
--- a/man/methods-factanal.Rd
+++ b/man/methods-factanal.Rd
@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@ head(get_rows(swiss_fa, elements = "score"))
 swiss_fa \%>\%
   ggbiplot() +
   theme_bw() +
-  geom_cols_vector(aes(color = uniqueness)) +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name)) +
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(color = uniqueness, label = name)) +
   expand_limits(x = c(-2, 2.5), y = c(-1.5, 2))
 }
 \seealso{
diff --git a/man/ordr-ggproto.Rd b/man/ordr-ggproto.Rd
index f692ab8c..62baaa7f 100644
--- a/man/ordr-ggproto.Rd
+++ b/man/ordr-ggproto.Rd
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 % Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
 % Please edit documentation in R/aaa-.r, R/coord-rect.r, R/geom-axis.r,
-%   R/geom-intervals.r, R/geom-isoline.r, R/geom-origin.r,
-%   R/geom-text-radiate.r, R/geom-vector.r, R/stat-center.r, R/stat-chull.r,
-%   R/stat-cone.r, R/stat-matrix.r, R/stat-scale.r, R/stat-spantree.r,
-%   R/zzz-biplot-stats.r
+%   R/geom-intervals.r, R/geom-isoline.r, R/geom-origin.r, R/geom-vector.r,
+%   R/stat-center.r, R/stat-chull.r, R/stat-cone.r, R/stat-matrix.r,
+%   R/stat-scale.r, R/stat-spantree.r, R/zzz-biplot-stats.r
 \docType{data}
 \name{ordr-ggproto}
 \alias{ordr-ggproto}
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@
 \alias{GeomIsoline}
 \alias{GeomOrigin}
 \alias{GeomUnitCircle}
-\alias{GeomTextRadiate}
 \alias{GeomVector}
 \alias{StatCenter}
 \alias{StatStar}
diff --git a/man/stat_cone.Rd b/man/stat_cone.Rd
index f06196ee..3dc52632 100644
--- a/man/stat_cone.Rd
+++ b/man/stat_cone.Rd
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@ USPersonalExpenditure \%>\%
   ggbiplot(aes(label = name), clip = "off",
            sec.axes = "cols", scale.factor = 50) +
   geom_rows_label(size = 3) +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
   # omit labels in the conical hull without the origin
+  geom_cols_vector(vector_labels = FALSE) +
   stat_cols_cone(linetype = "dotted") +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(stat = "cone") +
+  geom_cols_vector(stat = "cone", vector_labels = TRUE, color = "transparent") +
   ggtitle(
     "U.S. Personal Expenditure data, 1940-1960",
     "Row-principal biplot of centered PCA"
diff --git a/man/stat_rows.Rd b/man/stat_rows.Rd
index 1440f431..0d681384 100644
--- a/man/stat_rows.Rd
+++ b/man/stat_rows.Rd
@@ -137,8 +137,7 @@ ggbiplot(swiss_fa) +
   geom_rows_point(elements = "score") +
   geom_rows_text(aes(label = name), elements = "score", subset = c(1, 4, 18)) +
   scale_alpha_manual(values = c(0, 1), guide = "none") +
-  geom_cols_vector() +
-  geom_cols_text_radiate(aes(label = name))
+  geom_cols_vector(aes(label = name))
 }
 \seealso{
 Other biplot layers: 
diff --git a/vignettes/cmds-variables.rmd b/vignettes/cmds-variables.rmd
index 3b932f15..4caade38 100755
--- a/vignettes/cmds-variables.rmd
+++ b/vignettes/cmds-variables.rmd
@@ -268,8 +268,7 @@ c_eigen %>%
   ggbiplot() +
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_unit_circle() +
-  geom_rows_vector() +
-  geom_rows_text_radiate(aes(label = metric)) +
+  geom_rows_vector(aes(label = metric)) +
   scale_x_reverse(expand = expansion(add = .4)) +
   scale_y_continuous(expand = expansion(add = .3)) +
   ggtitle("Kendall correlations between university rankings",
@@ -297,8 +296,7 @@ c_eigen %>%
   ggbiplot(aes(x = 2, y = 3)) +
   theme_minimal() +
   geom_unit_circle() +
-  geom_rows_vector() +
-  geom_rows_text_radiate(aes(label = metric)) +
+  geom_rows_vector(aes(label = metric)) +
   scale_x_continuous(expand = expansion(add = .5)) +
   scale_y_continuous(expand = expansion(add = .5)) +
   ggtitle("Kendall correlations between university rankings",