diff --git a/engine/table/src/main/java/io/deephaven/engine/util/PyCallableWrapperJpyImpl.java b/engine/table/src/main/java/io/deephaven/engine/util/PyCallableWrapperJpyImpl.java
index 006bae5be5c..c4b05c25493 100644
--- a/engine/table/src/main/java/io/deephaven/engine/util/PyCallableWrapperJpyImpl.java
+++ b/engine/table/src/main/java/io/deephaven/engine/util/PyCallableWrapperJpyImpl.java
@@ -44,8 +44,20 @@ public class PyCallableWrapperJpyImpl implements PyCallableWrapper {
 
     // TODO: support for vectorizing functions that return arrays
     // https://github.com/deephaven/deephaven-core/issues/4649
-    private static final Set<Class<?>> vectorizableReturnTypes = Set.of(int.class, long.class, short.class, float.class,
-            double.class, byte.class, Boolean.class, String.class, Instant.class, PyObject.class);
+    private static final Set<Class<?>> vectorizableReturnTypes = Set.of(
+            boolean.class, boolean[].class,
+            Boolean.class, Boolean[].class,
+            byte.class, byte[].class,
+            short.class, short[].class,
+            char.class, char[].class,
+            int.class, int[].class,
+            long.class, long[].class,
+            float.class, float[].class,
+            double.class, double[].class,
+            String.class, String[].class,
+            Instant.class, Instant[].class,
+            PyObject.class, PyObject[].class,
+            Object.class, Object[].class);
 
     @Override
     public boolean isVectorizableReturnType() {
diff --git a/py/server/deephaven/_udf.py b/py/server/deephaven/_udf.py
index 93073af361f..4e2388dacd5 100644
--- a/py/server/deephaven/_udf.py
+++ b/py/server/deephaven/_udf.py
@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ def _dh_vectorize(fn):
     and (3) the input arrays.
     """
     p_sig = _parse_signature(fn)
+    return_array = p_sig.ret_annotation.has_array
     ret_dtype = dtypes.from_np_dtype(np.dtype(p_sig.ret_annotation.encoded_type[-1]))
 
     @wraps(fn)
@@ -428,10 +429,18 @@ def wrapper(*args):
             for i in range(chunk_size):
                 scalar_args = next(vectorized_args)
                 converted_args = _convert_args(p_sig, scalar_args)
-                chunk_result[i] = _scalar(fn(*converted_args), ret_dtype)
+                ret = fn(*converted_args)
+                if return_array:
+                    chunk_result[i] = dtypes.array(ret_dtype, ret)
+                else:
+                    chunk_result[i] = _scalar(ret, ret_dtype)
         else:
             for i in range(chunk_size):
-                chunk_result[i] = _scalar(fn(), ret_dtype)
+                ret = fn()
+                if return_array:
+                    chunk_result[i] = dtypes.array(ret_dtype, ret)
+                else:
+                    chunk_result[i] = _scalar(ret, ret_dtype)
 
         return chunk_result
 
diff --git a/py/server/tests/test_vectorization.py b/py/server/tests/test_vectorization.py
index 8eb28e65cda..7123276591e 100644
--- a/py/server/tests/test_vectorization.py
+++ b/py/server/tests/test_vectorization.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import random
 import unittest
 
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import Optional, Union
 import numpy as np
 
 from deephaven import DHError, empty_table, dtypes
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 from deephaven._udf import _dh_vectorize as dh_vectorize
 from tests.testbase import BaseTestCase
 
+from tests.test_udf_numpy_args import _J_TYPE_NULL_MAP, _J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP, _J_TYPE_J_ARRAY_TYPE_MAP
+
 
 class VectorizationTestCase(BaseTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
@@ -278,6 +280,93 @@ def pyfunc(p1: np.int32, p2: np.int32, p3: Optional[np.int32]) -> Optional[int]:
         self.assertEqual(t.columns[1].data_type, dtypes.long)
         self.assertEqual(t.columns[2].data_type, dtypes.long)
 
+    def test_1d_array_args_no_null(self):
+            col1_formula = "Col1 = i % 3"
+            for j_dtype, np_dtype in _J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP.items():
+                col2_formula = f"Col2 = ({j_dtype})i"
+                with self.subTest(j_dtype):
+                    tbl = empty_table(10).update([col1_formula, col2_formula]).group_by("Col1").update(
+                        "Col2 = Col2.toArray()")
+
+                    func_str = f"""
+def test_udf(col1, col2: np.ndarray[{_J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP[j_dtype]}]) -> np.ndarray[{_J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP[j_dtype]}]:
+    return col2 + 5
+                            """
+                    exec(func_str, globals())
+
+                    res = tbl.update("Col3 = test_udf(Col1, Col2)")
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[0].data_type, dtypes.int32)
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[1].data_type, _J_TYPE_J_ARRAY_TYPE_MAP[j_dtype])
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[2].data_type, _J_TYPE_J_ARRAY_TYPE_MAP[j_dtype])
+
+                    self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+                    _udf.vectorized_count = 0
+
+    def test_1d_array_args_null(self):
+        col1_formula = "Col1 = i % 3"
+        for j_dtype, null_name in _J_TYPE_NULL_MAP.items():
+            col2_formula = f"Col2 = i % 3 == 0? {null_name} : ({j_dtype})i"
+            with self.subTest(j_dtype):
+                tbl = empty_table(10).update([col1_formula, col2_formula]).group_by("Col1").update("Col2 = Col2.toArray()")
+
+                func_str = f"""
+def test_udf(col1, col2: np.ndarray[{_J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP[j_dtype]}]) -> np.ndarray[{_J_TYPE_NP_DTYPE_MAP[j_dtype]}]:
+    return col2 + 5
+                        """
+                exec(func_str, globals())
+
+                # for floating point types, DH nulls are auto converted to np.nan
+                # for integer types, DH nulls in the array raise exceptions
+                if j_dtype in ("float", "double"):
+                    res = tbl.update("Col3 = test_udf(Col1, Col2)")
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[0].data_type, dtypes.int32)
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[1].data_type, _J_TYPE_J_ARRAY_TYPE_MAP[j_dtype])
+                    self.assertEqual(res.columns[2].data_type, _J_TYPE_J_ARRAY_TYPE_MAP[j_dtype])
+                else:
+                    with self.assertRaises(DHError) as cm:
+                        tbl.update("Col3 = test_udf(Col1, Col2)")
+
+                self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+                _udf.vectorized_count = 0
+
+    def test_1d_str_bool_datetime_array(self):
+        with self.subTest("str"):
+            def f1(p1: np.ndarray[str]) -> bool:
+                return (p1 == 'None').any()
+
+            t = empty_table(10).update(["X = i % 3", "Y = i % 2 == 0? `deephaven`: null"]).group_by("X").update("Y = Y.toArray()")
+            t1 = t.update(["X1 = f1(Y)"])
+            self.assertEqual(t1.columns[2].data_type, dtypes.bool_)
+            self.assertEqual(3, t1.to_string().count("true"))
+            self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+            _udf.vectorized_count = 0
+
+        with self.subTest("datetime"):
+            def f2(p1: np.ndarray[np.datetime64]) -> bool:
+                return np.isnat(p1).any()
+
+            t = empty_table(10).update(["X = i % 3", "Y = i % 2 == 0? now() : null"]).group_by("X").update("Y = Y.toArray()")
+            t1 = t.update(["X1 = f2(Y)"])
+            self.assertEqual(t1.columns[2].data_type, dtypes.bool_)
+            self.assertEqual(3, t1.to_string().count("true"))
+            self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+            _udf.vectorized_count = 0
+
+        with self.subTest("boolean"):
+            def f3(p1: np.ndarray[np.bool_]) -> np.ndarray[np.bool_]:
+                return np.invert(p1)
+
+            t = empty_table(10).update(["X = i % 3", "Y = i % 2 == 0? true : false"]).group_by("X").update("Y = Y.toArray()")
+            t1 = t.update(["X1 = f3(Y)"])
+            self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+            _udf.vectorized_count = 0
+
+            t = empty_table(10).update(["X = i % 3", "Y = i % 2 == 0? true : null"]).group_by("X").update("Y = Y.toArray()")
+            with self.assertRaises(DHError) as cm:
+                t1 = t.update(["X1 = f3(Y)"])
+            self.assertIn("Java java.lang.Boolean array contains Deephaven null values, but numpy int8 array does not support null values", str(cm.exception))
+            self.assertEqual(_udf.vectorized_count, 1)
+            _udf.vectorized_count = 0
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()