Linux Alpine相关

一、系统

1.源镜像配置

OS	Vesion	Image	LTS
Ubuntu	22.04	-	√
Ubuntu	21.10	-	x
Ubuntu	21.04	hirsute	x
Ubuntu	20.10	groovy	x
Ubuntu	20.04	focal	√
Ubuntu	19.10	eoan	x
Ubuntu	19.04	disco	x
Ubuntu	18.10	cosmic	x
Ubuntu	18.04	bionic	√
Ubuntu	17.10	artful	x
Ubuntu	17.04	zesty	x
Ubuntu	16.10	yakkety	x
Ubuntu	16.04	xenial	√
Ubuntu	15.10	wily	x
Ubuntu	15.04	vivid	x
Ubuntu	14.04	trusty	√
Ubuntu	12.04	precise	√

查看系统版本

lsb_release -a

输出

root@server:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Release:	20.04
Codename:	focal

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

默认源：http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

v16.04

# tsinghua
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# aliyun
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

v18.04

# tsinghua
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# aliyun
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

v19.04

# tsinghua
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ disco-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# aliyun
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ disco-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse

v19.10

# tsinghua
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# aliyun
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ eoan main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ eoan-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ eoan-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ eoan-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ eoan-backports main restricted universe multiverse

v20.04

#tsinghua
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#aliyun
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#tencent
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# 163
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

2.软件更新/系统全部更新

apt-get clean all
apt-get update --fix-missing
apt list --upgradable
apt-get dist-upgrade -y

系统清理

apt-get autoremove -y
apt-get autoclean -y

卸载软件

apt-get autoremove --purge -y xxx

系统升级

apt-get dist-upgrade -y
do-release-upgrade
或
apt upgrade -y
do-release-upgrade --allow-third-party -q -d

若版本不是LTS，无法升级则修改源为低版本的LTS再升级

• 关闭防火墙：通过crontab -e添加@reboot systemctl stop ufw > /dev/null 2>&1进行关闭（/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root）

3.通用插件

• 常用插件

apt-get install -y net-tools sysstat htop glances zip gzip curl aptitude apt-transport-https ca-certificates mercurial  nfs-common dos2unix

• JDK安装

apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jdk gedit

4.兼容依赖安装

curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
aptitude install -y docker.io

事件说明

• aptitude也会想apt那样检测到依赖冲突，然后给出一个解决方案将会自动降级安装依赖的软件（如果是一系列软件版本过高的话），这个时候选择同意基本都可以安装成功,不过唯一美中不足的问题在于，这样安装之后的软件版本会比较低,不过好在确实可以用了。
• aptitude在删除一个包时，会同时删除本身所依赖的包。这样，系统中不会残留无用的包，整个系统更为干净

5.彩蛋小货车

apt-get install sl
sl

6.Docker升级

systemctl stop docker
apt-get autoremove --purge -y docker-ce
rm -rf /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/docker
rm -rf /usr/bin/docker*
rm -rf /usr/libexec/docker
rm -rf /etc/init.d/docker
rm -rf /etc/default/docker
rm -rf /etc/init/docker.conf
rm -rf /run/docker.sock
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
rm -rf /etc/docker
rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/*/docker*
rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/docker*
rm -rf /var/crash/docker*
rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/docker*
rm -rf /usr/share/doc/docker*
rm -rf /usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/docker.fish
rm -rf /usr/share/man/*/docker*
rm -rf /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker*
chattr -R -i /sys/fs/cgroup/*/*/docker*/*
rm -rf /sys/fs/cgroup/*/*/docker*
rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/*/docker*
rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/*/containerd*
rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/containerd*
rm -rf /var/lib/containerd
rm -rf /usr/share/doc/containerd*
rm -rf /usr/share/man/*/containerd*
rm -rf /usr/bin/containerd*
rm -rf /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd*
rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/*/containerd*
rm -rf /etc/containerd
rm -rf /run/containerd
rm -rf /opt/containerd
systemctl daemon-reload
#apt-get purge docker.io
# find / -name docker*
# apt-get install -y docker.io
# apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh

apt-get update
apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
curl -fsSL "https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg" | apt-key add
#echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
#echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu disco stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
#echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu eoan stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends docker-ce
#apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends containerd
#apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends docker-ce  docker-ce-cli containerd
#systemctl daemon-reload & systemctl restart containerd & systemctl restart docker
docker version

7.K8S升级

ufw disable
swapoff -a

apt-get update
apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
curl -fsSL "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg" | apt-key add
echo "deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-yakkety main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

8.Microk8s升级

snap install microk8s --classic 
microk8s.start
microk8s.stop

如启动不起来

#修改pod的sandbox
pod的sandbox 默认是 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1，这个镜像是无法获取的。需要将sandbox修改为国内可以获取的镜像。

修改/var/snap/microk8s/current/args/kubelet。 添加--pod-infra-container-image=s7799653/pause:3.1
修改/var/snap/microk8s/current/args/containerd-template.toml的plugins -> plugins.cri -> sandbox_image为s7799653/pause:3.1
重启服务 

9.K3S升级

curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io | sh -

#看一下执行命令

 kubectl get nodes

二、第三方软件

1.FTP安装

apt-get install -y vsftpd

修改配置(/etc/vsftpd.conf)

#允许匿名访问
anonymous_enable=YES
#匿名目录
anon_root=/data/logs
no_anon_password=YES

重启服务

#/etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
systemctl restart vsftpd
systemctl status vsftpd

访问服务: ftp://127.0.0.1