diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0bf5be124b65..703c2064adb3 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ Increasing the minimal supported Rust version will always be coupled at least wi
 
 * The minimal officially supported rustc version is now 1.78.0
 * Deprecated `sql_function!` in favour of `define_sql_function!` which provides compatibility with `#[dsl::auto_type]`
+* Deserialization error messages now contain information about the field that failed to deserialize
 
 ## [2.1.0] 2023-05-26
 
diff --git a/diesel/src/deserialize.rs b/diesel/src/deserialize.rs
index 920c318e9f7a..217bc6742755 100644
--- a/diesel/src/deserialize.rs
+++ b/diesel/src/deserialize.rs
@@ -540,7 +540,13 @@ where
         use crate::row::Field;
 
         let field = row.get(0).ok_or(crate::result::UnexpectedEndOfRow)?;
-        T::from_nullable_sql(field.value())
+        T::from_nullable_sql(field.value()).map_err(|e| {
+            if e.is::<crate::result::UnexpectedNullError>() {
+                e
+            } else {
+                Box::new(crate::result::DeserializeFieldError::new(field, e))
+            }
+        })
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/diesel/src/pg/connection/result.rs b/diesel/src/pg/connection/result.rs
index 4b00f718dc37..b4f501669f3d 100644
--- a/diesel/src/pg/connection/result.rs
+++ b/diesel/src/pg/connection/result.rs
@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@ impl PgResult {
         )
     }
 
+    #[inline(always)] // benchmarks indicate a ~1.7% improvement in instruction count for this
     pub(super) fn column_name(&self, col_idx: usize) -> Option<&str> {
         self.column_name_map
             .get_or_init(|| {
diff --git a/diesel/src/pg/types/floats/mod.rs b/diesel/src/pg/types/floats/mod.rs
index c5ee3bfb9b2f..b35ee0467966 100644
--- a/diesel/src/pg/types/floats/mod.rs
+++ b/diesel/src/pg/types/floats/mod.rs
@@ -117,16 +117,23 @@ impl ToSql<sql_types::Numeric, Pg> for PgNumeric {
 impl FromSql<sql_types::Float, Pg> for f32 {
     fn from_sql(value: PgValue<'_>) -> deserialize::Result<Self> {
         let mut bytes = value.as_bytes();
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() <= 4,
-            "Received more than 4 bytes while decoding \
-             an f32. Was a double accidentally marked as float?"
-        );
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() >= 4,
-            "Received less than 4 bytes while decoding \
-             an f32."
-        );
+
+        if bytes.len() < 4 {
+            return deserialize::Result::Err(
+                "Received less than 4 bytes while decoding an f32. \
+                 Was a numeric accidentally marked as float?"
+                    .into(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if bytes.len() > 4 {
+            return deserialize::Result::Err(
+                "Received more than 4 bytes while decoding an f32. \
+                 Was a double accidentally marked as float?"
+                    .into(),
+            );
+        }
+
         bytes
             .read_f32::<NetworkEndian>()
             .map_err(|e| Box::new(e) as Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>)
@@ -137,16 +144,23 @@ impl FromSql<sql_types::Float, Pg> for f32 {
 impl FromSql<sql_types::Double, Pg> for f64 {
     fn from_sql(value: PgValue<'_>) -> deserialize::Result<Self> {
         let mut bytes = value.as_bytes();
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() <= 8,
-            "Received less than 8 bytes while decoding \
-             an f64. Was a float accidentally marked as double?"
-        );
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() >= 8,
-            "Received more than 8 bytes while decoding \
-             an f64. Was a numeric accidentally marked as double?"
-        );
+
+        if bytes.len() < 8 {
+            return deserialize::Result::Err(
+                "Received less than 8 bytes while decoding an f64. \
+                    Was a float accidentally marked as double?"
+                    .into(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if bytes.len() > 8 {
+            return deserialize::Result::Err(
+                "Received more than 8 bytes while decoding an f64. \
+                    Was a numeric accidentally marked as double?"
+                    .into(),
+            );
+        }
+
         bytes
             .read_f64::<NetworkEndian>()
             .map_err(|e| Box::new(e) as Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>)
diff --git a/diesel/src/pg/types/integers.rs b/diesel/src/pg/types/integers.rs
index 4438c3c25699..4b7ab7a9bc19 100644
--- a/diesel/src/pg/types/integers.rs
+++ b/diesel/src/pg/types/integers.rs
@@ -23,19 +23,22 @@ impl ToSql<sql_types::Oid, Pg> for u32 {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "postgres_backend")]
 impl FromSql<sql_types::SmallInt, Pg> for i16 {
+    #[inline(always)]
     fn from_sql(value: PgValue<'_>) -> deserialize::Result<Self> {
         let mut bytes = value.as_bytes();
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() <= 2,
-            "Received more than 2 bytes decoding i16. \
-             Was an Integer expression accidentally identified as SmallInt?"
-        );
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() >= 2,
-            "Received fewer than 2 bytes decoding i16. \
-             Was an expression of a different type accidentally identified \
-             as SmallInt?"
-        );
+        if bytes.len() < 2 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received less than 2 bytes while decoding an i16. \
+                    Was an expression of a different type accidentally marked as SmallInt?",
+            );
+        }
+
+        if bytes.len() > 2 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received more than 2 bytes while decoding an i16. \
+                    Was an Integer expression accidentally marked as SmallInt?",
+            );
+        }
         bytes
             .read_i16::<NetworkEndian>()
             .map_err(|e| Box::new(e) as Box<_>)
@@ -44,38 +47,52 @@ impl FromSql<sql_types::SmallInt, Pg> for i16 {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "postgres_backend")]
 impl FromSql<sql_types::Integer, Pg> for i32 {
+    #[inline(always)]
     fn from_sql(value: PgValue<'_>) -> deserialize::Result<Self> {
         let mut bytes = value.as_bytes();
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() <= 4,
-            "Received more than 4 bytes decoding i32. \
-             Was a BigInt expression accidentally identified as Integer?"
-        );
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() >= 4,
-            "Received fewer than 4 bytes decoding i32. \
-             Was a SmallInt expression accidentally identified as Integer?"
-        );
+        if bytes.len() < 4 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received less than 4 bytes while decoding an i32. \
+                    Was an SmallInt expression accidentally marked as Integer?",
+            );
+        }
+
+        if bytes.len() > 4 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received more than 4 bytes while decoding an i32. \
+                    Was an BigInt expression accidentally marked as Integer?",
+            );
+        }
         bytes
             .read_i32::<NetworkEndian>()
             .map_err(|e| Box::new(e) as Box<_>)
     }
 }
 
+#[cold]
+#[inline(never)]
+fn emit_size_error<T>(var_name: &str) -> deserialize::Result<T> {
+    deserialize::Result::Err(var_name.into())
+}
+
 #[cfg(feature = "postgres_backend")]
 impl FromSql<sql_types::BigInt, Pg> for i64 {
+    #[inline(always)]
     fn from_sql(value: PgValue<'_>) -> deserialize::Result<Self> {
         let mut bytes = value.as_bytes();
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() <= 8,
-            "Received more than 8 bytes decoding i64. \
-             Was an expression of a different type misidentified as BigInt?"
-        );
-        debug_assert!(
-            bytes.len() >= 8,
-            "Received fewer than 8 bytes decoding i64. \
-             Was an Integer expression misidentified as BigInt?"
-        );
+        if bytes.len() < 8 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received less than 8 bytes while decoding an i64. \
+                    Was an Integer expression accidentally marked as BigInt?",
+            );
+        }
+
+        if bytes.len() > 8 {
+            return emit_size_error(
+                "Received more than 8 bytes while decoding an i64. \
+                    Was an expression of a different type expression accidentally marked as BigInt?"
+            );
+        }
         bytes
             .read_i64::<NetworkEndian>()
             .map_err(|e| Box::new(e) as Box<_>)
diff --git a/diesel/src/result.rs b/diesel/src/result.rs
index a88796f78fd1..acf12423b068 100644
--- a/diesel/src/result.rs
+++ b/diesel/src/result.rs
@@ -455,3 +455,47 @@ impl fmt::Display for EmptyChangeset {
 }
 
 impl StdError for EmptyChangeset {}
+
+/// An error occurred while deserializing a field
+#[derive(Debug)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub struct DeserializeFieldError {
+    /// The name of the field that failed to deserialize
+    pub field_name: Option<String>,
+    /// The error that occurred while deserializing the field
+    pub error: Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>,
+}
+
+impl DeserializeFieldError {
+    #[cold]
+    pub(crate) fn new<'a, F, DB>(field: F, error: Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>) -> Self
+    where
+        DB: crate::backend::Backend,
+        F: crate::row::Field<'a, DB>,
+    {
+        DeserializeFieldError {
+            field_name: field.field_name().map(|s| s.to_string()),
+            error,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl StdError for DeserializeFieldError {
+    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn StdError + 'static)> {
+        Some(&*self.error)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for DeserializeFieldError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        if let Some(ref field_name) = self.field_name {
+            write!(
+                f,
+                "Error deserializing field '{}': {}",
+                field_name, self.error
+            )
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "Error deserializing field: {}", self.error)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/diesel_bench/Cargo.toml b/diesel_bench/Cargo.toml
index 990d2d1c93ad..f788892eb3af 100644
--- a/diesel_bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/diesel_bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ fast_run = []
 
 [profile.release]
 lto = true
+debug = true
 codegen-units = 1
 
 [patch.crates-io]
diff --git a/diesel_tests/tests/types.rs b/diesel_tests/tests/types.rs
index 6e1e0c739b50..e1cfd0416d8e 100644
--- a/diesel_tests/tests/types.rs
+++ b/diesel_tests/tests/types.rs
@@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@ where
 
 #[cfg(feature = "postgres")]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic(expected = "Received more than 4 bytes decoding i32")]
+#[should_panic(expected = "Received more than 4 bytes while decoding an i32")]
 fn debug_check_catches_reading_bigint_as_i32_when_using_raw_sql() {
     use diesel::dsl::sql;
     use diesel::sql_types::Integer;
@@ -1574,3 +1574,115 @@ fn citext_fields() {
 
     assert_eq!(lowercase_in_db, Some("lowercase_value".to_string()));
 }
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(feature = "postgres")]
+fn deserialize_wrong_primitive_gives_good_error() {
+    let conn = &mut connection();
+
+    diesel::sql_query(
+        "CREATE TABLE test_table(\
+                       bool BOOLEAN,
+                       small SMALLINT, \
+                       int INTEGER, \
+                       big BIGINT, \
+                       float FLOAT4, \
+                       double FLOAT8,
+                       text TEXT)",
+    )
+    .execute(conn)
+    .unwrap();
+    diesel::sql_query("INSERT INTO test_table VALUES('t', 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 'long text long text')")
+        .execute(conn)
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<SmallInt>("SELECT bool FROM test_table").get_result::<i16>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'bool': \
+         Received less than 2 bytes while decoding an i16. \
+         Was an expression of a different type accidentally marked as SmallInt?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<SmallInt>("SELECT int FROM test_table").get_result::<i16>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'int': \
+         Received more than 2 bytes while decoding an i16. \
+         Was an Integer expression accidentally marked as SmallInt?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Integer>("SELECT small FROM test_table").get_result::<i32>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'small': \
+         Received less than 4 bytes while decoding an i32. \
+         Was an SmallInt expression accidentally marked as Integer?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Integer>("SELECT big FROM test_table").get_result::<i32>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'big': \
+         Received more than 4 bytes while decoding an i32. \
+         Was an BigInt expression accidentally marked as Integer?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<BigInt>("SELECT int FROM test_table").get_result::<i64>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'int': \
+         Received less than 8 bytes while decoding an i64. \
+         Was an Integer expression accidentally marked as BigInt?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<BigInt>("SELECT text FROM test_table").get_result::<i64>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'text': \
+         Received more than 8 bytes while decoding an i64. \
+         Was an expression of a different type expression accidentally marked as BigInt?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Float>("SELECT small FROM test_table").get_result::<f32>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'small': \
+         Received less than 4 bytes while decoding an f32. \
+         Was a numeric accidentally marked as float?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Float>("SELECT double FROM test_table").get_result::<f32>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'double': \
+         Received more than 4 bytes while decoding an f32. \
+         Was a double accidentally marked as float?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Double>("SELECT float FROM test_table").get_result::<f64>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'float': \
+         Received less than 8 bytes while decoding an f64. \
+         Was a float accidentally marked as double?"
+    );
+
+    let res = diesel::dsl::sql::<Double>("SELECT text FROM test_table").get_result::<f64>(conn);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(
+        res.unwrap_err().to_string(),
+        "Error deserializing field 'text': \
+         Received more than 8 bytes while decoding an f64. \
+         Was a numeric accidentally marked as double?"
+    );
+}