Upgrade react-native to v0.75 and react to 18.3.1

[steffenkleinle]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
A new react-native version got released. See the upgrade helper for necessary things to do:
https://react-native-community.github.io/upgrade-helper/?from=0.74.5&to=0.75.3&package=tuerantuer.app.integreat&name=Integreat

Also upgrade react to 18.3.1.
An upgrade of react-native-static-server is necessary for the react-native upgrade. Since a recent release it also supports older android sdks (#2389).

Testing information
Please test everything (the whole app) very thoroughly!

Additional context
⚠️ Check previous upgrade PRs about possible issues.

Issue for the upgrade to v0.74: #2786
PR for the upgrade to v0.74: https://github.com/digitalfabrik/integreat-app/pull/2907/files
Last dependency upgrade PR: #2912

[LeandraH]

@steffenkleinle I am stealing this PR from you because I am doing that upgrade as part of hopefully getting the newer version of react-native-static-server running. The RN upgrade might still not fix my PR but then I'll still open a separate PR for this upgrade :)