forked from jennybc/happy-git-with-r
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy path07_install-git.Rmd
103 lines (62 loc) · 5.31 KB
/
07_install-git.Rmd
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
# Install Git {#install-git}
You need Git, so you can use it at the command line and so RStudio can call it.
If there's any chance it's installed already, verify that, rejoice, and skip this step.
Otherwise, find installation instructions below for your operating system.
## Git already installed?
Go to the shell (Appendix \@ref(shell)). Enter `which git` to request the path to your Git executable:
```{bash collapse = TRUE}
which git
```
and `git --version` to see its version:
```{bash collapse = TRUE}
git --version
```
If you are successful, that's great! You have Git already. No need to install! Move on.
If, instead, you see something more like `git: command not found`, keep reading.
Mac OS users might get an immediate offer to install command line developer tools. Yes, you should accept! Click "Install" and read more below.
## Windows {#install-git-windows}
**Option 1** (*highly recommended*): Install [Git for Windows](https://git-for-windows.github.io/), also known as `msysgit` or "Git Bash", to get Git in addition to some other useful tools, such as the Bash shell. Yes, all those names are totally confusing, but you might encounter them elsewhere and I want you to be well-informed.
We like this because Git for Windows leaves the Git executable in a conventional location, which will help you and other programs, e.g. RStudio, find it and use it. This also supports a transition to more expert use, because the "Git Bash" shell will be useful as you venture outside of R/RStudio.
* **NOTE:** Select "Use Git from the Windows Command Prompt" during installation. Otherwise, we believe it's OK to accept the defaults.
* Note that RStudio for Windows prefers for Git to be installed below `C:/Program Files`, for example the Git executable on my Windows system is found at `C:/Program Files/Git/bin/git.exe`. Unless you have specific reasons to otherwise, follow this convention.
This also leaves you with a Git client, though not a very good one. So check out Git clients we recommend (chapter \@ref(git-client)).
**Option 2** (*NOT recommended*): The GitHub hosting site offers [GitHub Desktop for Windows](https://desktop.github.com/) that provides Git itself, a client, and smooth integration with GitHub.
* [Their Windows set-up instructions](https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git#platform-windows) recommend this method of Git installation.
* Why don't we like it? We've seen GitHub Desktop for Windows lead to Git installation in suboptimal locations, such as `~/AppData/Local`, and in other places we could never find. If you were __only__ going to interact with GitHub via this app, maybe that's OK, but that does not apply to you. Therefore, we recommend option 1 instead.
## Mac OS
**Option 1** (*highly recommended*): Install the Xcode command line tools (**not all of Xcode**), which includes Git. If your OS is older than 10.11 El Capitan, it is possible that you **must** install the Xcode command line tools in order for RStudio to find and use Git.
Go to the shell and enter one of these commands to elicit an offer to install developer command line tools:
``` bash
git --version
git config
```
Accept the offer! Click on "Install".
Here's another way to request this installation, more directly:
``` bash
xcode-select --install
```
We just happen to find this Git-based trigger apropos.
Note also that, after upgrading your Mac OS, you might need to re-do the above and/or re-agree to the Xcode license agreement. We have seen this cause the RStudio Git pane to disappear on a system where it was previously working. Use commands like those above to tickle Xcode into prompting you for what it needs, then restart RStudio.
**Option 2** (*recommended*): Install Git from here: <http://git-scm.com/downloads>.
* This arguably sets you up the best for the future. It will certainly get you the latest version of Git of all approaches described here.
* The GitHub home for this project is here: <https://github.com/timcharper/git_osx_installer>.
- At that link, there is a list of maintained builds for various combinations of Git and Mac OS version. If you're running 10.7 Lion and struggling, we've had success in September 2015 with binaries found here: <https://www.wandisco.com/git/download>.
**Option 3** (*recommended*): If you anticipate getting heavily into scientific computing, you're going to be installing and updating lots of software. You should check out [homebrew](http://brew.sh), "the missing package manager for OS X". Among many other things, it can install Git for you. Once you have Homebrew installed, do this in the shell:
```
brew install git
```
**Option 4** (*NOT recommended*): The GitHub hosting site offers [GitHub Desktop for Mac](https://desktop.github.com/) that provides *the option* to install Git itself, a client, and smooth integration with GitHub..
* [Their Mac set-up instructions](https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git#platform-mac) recommend this method of Git installation.
* We don't like GitHub Desktop as a Git client, so this is a very cumbersome way to install Git. Consider this option a last resort.
## Linux
Install Git via your distro's package manager.
Ubuntu or Debian Linux:
```sh
sudo apt-get install git
```
Fedora or RedHat Linux:
```sh
sudo yum install git
```
A comprehensive list for various Linux and Unix package managers:
<https://git-scm.com/download/linux>