Fix casting partial date input for Spark

[rui-mo]

Bug description

When casting string as date, Spark throws error or returns null (according to ANSI config) for 123, but works for 2020. While in Velox, 123 and 2020 both work. We can follow-up in a separate PR to fix Spark cast.

scala> spark.sql("select cast('123' as date)").show(false)
+-----------------+                                                             
|CAST(123 AS DATE)|
+-----------------+
|null             |
+-----------------+


scala> spark.sql("select cast('2020' as date)").show(false)
+------------------+                                                            
|CAST(2020 AS DATE)|
+------------------+
|2020-01-01        |
+------------------+

System information

CMake Version: 3.16.3
System: Linux-5.4.0-173-generic
Arch: x86_64
C++ Compiler: /usr/bin/c++
C++ Compiler Version: 11.1.0
C Compiler: /usr/bin/cc
C Compiler Version: 11.1.0
CMake Prefix Path: /usr/local;/usr;/;/usr;/usr/local;/usr/X11R6;/usr/pkg;/opt

Relevant logs

No response

[rui-mo]

#9357 (comment)