diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControl.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControl.scala
deleted file mode 100644
index f9682fad..00000000
--- a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControl.scala
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
-
-object AccessControl {
-    sealed trait AccessControlled[+A]
-    case class Public[+A] private (value:A) extends AccessControlled[A]
-    case class Private[+A] private(value:A) extends AccessControlled[A]
-
-    def `public`[A](value:A):Public[A] =
-        Public(value)
-    
-    def `private`[A](value:A):Private[A] =
-        Private(value)
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControlled.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControlled.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec93dc8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/AccessControlled.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+sealed trait AccessControlled[+A] {
+
+  def withPublicAccess: Option[A] = this match {
+    case AccessControlled.Public(v) => Some(v)
+    case _                          => None
+  }
+
+  def withPrivateAccess: A = this match {
+    case AccessControlled.Public(v)  => v
+    case AccessControlled.Private(v) => v
+  }
+}
+
+object AccessControlled {
+
+  case class Public[+A] private (value: A) extends AccessControlled[A]
+  case class Private[+A] private (value: A) extends AccessControlled[A]
+
+  def `public`[A](value: A): Public[A] =
+    Public(value)
+
+  def `private`[A](value: A): Private[A] =
+    Private(value)
+
+  @inline def withPublicAccess[A](ac: AccessControlled[A]): Option[A] =
+    ac.withPublicAccess
+
+  @inline def withPrivateAccess[A](ac: AccessControlled[A]): A =
+    ac.withPrivateAccess
+}
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/FQName.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/FQName.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab88e90a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/FQName.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+
+case class FQName(packagePath: Path, modulePath: Path, localName: Name) {}
+
+object FQName {
+  val fQName = (packagePath: Path) =>
+    (modulePath: Path) =>
+      (localName: Name) => FQName(packagePath, modulePath, localName)
+}
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Name.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Name.scala
index 2e2598cf..4f66fd41 100644
--- a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Name.scala
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Name.scala
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ import scala.annotation.tailrec
 case class Name private[ir] (value: List[String]) extends AnyVal
 
 object Name {
+  def apply(firstWord: String, otherWords: String*): Name =
+    Name(firstWord :: otherWords.toList)
+
   def fromString(str: String): Name = {
     val pattern = """[a-zA-Z][a-z]*|[0-9]+""".r
     Name(pattern.findAllIn(str).toList.map(_.toLowerCase()))
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Path.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Path.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4fb38539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/Path.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+
+case class Path(value: List[Name]) extends AnyVal {
+  @inline def toList: List[Name] = value
+  def mapSegments[A](fn: Name => A): List[A] =
+    value.map(fn)
+}
+
+object Path {
+
+  val empty: Path = Path(List.empty)
+
+  def apply(head: Name, rest: Name*): Path =
+    Path(head :: rest.toList)
+
+  def fromString(str: String): Path = {
+    val separatorRegex = """[^\w\s]+""".r
+    fromList(separatorRegex.split(str).map(Name.fromString).toList)
+  }
+
+  def toString(nameToString: Name => String, sep: String, path: Path): String =
+    path.mapSegments(nameToString).mkString(sep)
+
+  def fromList(names: List[Name]): Path =
+    Path(names)
+
+  def toList(path: Path): List[Name] = path.value
+
+  def isPrefixOf(prefix: Path, path: Path): Boolean = (prefix, path) match {
+    // empty path is a prefix of any other path
+    case (Path.empty, _) => true
+    // empty path has no prefixes except the empty prefix captured above
+    case (_, Path.empty) => false
+    case (Path(prefixHead :: prefixTail), Path(pathHead :: pathTail)) =>
+      if (prefixHead == pathHead)
+        isPrefixOf(Path(prefixTail), Path(pathTail))
+      else
+        false
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QName.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QName.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e664d538
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QName.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+
+case class QName(modulePath: Path, localName: Name) {
+  def toTuple: (Path, Name) = modulePath -> localName
+}
+
+object QName {
+  @inline def toTuple(qname: QName): (Path, Name) = qname.toTuple
+  def fromTuple(path: Path, name: Name): QName = QName(path, name)
+  @inline def getModulePath(qname: QName): Path = qname.modulePath
+  @inline def getLocalName(qname: QName): Name = qname.localName
+
+  def toString(
+      pathPartToString: Name => String,
+      nameToString: Name => String,
+      sep: String,
+      qname: QName
+  ) =
+    (qname.modulePath.toList.map(pathPartToString) ++ nameToString(
+      qname.localName
+    )).mkString(sep)
+}
diff --git a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/advanced/Type.scala b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/advanced/Type.scala
index 35c47cbb..f197c2cb 100644
--- a/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/advanced/Type.scala
+++ b/core/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/advanced/Type.scala
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
 package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir.advanced
-import com.morganstanley.morphir.ir.Name
+import com.morganstanley.morphir.ir.{FQName, Name}
 
 sealed trait Type[+Extra]
 object Type {
   case class Variable[A](name: Name, extra: A) extends Type[A]
+  case class Reference[A](
+      typeName: FQName,
+      typeParameters: List[Type[A]],
+      extra: A
+  ) extends Type[A]
+
+  case class Tuple[A](elementTypes: List[Type[A]], extra: A) extends Type[A]
+  case class Record[A](fieldTypes: List[Field[A]], extra: A) extends Type[A]
+  case class ExtensibleRecord[A]() extends Type[A]
   case class Function[A](argType: Type[A], returnType: Type[A], extra: A)
       extends Type[A]
   case class Unit[A](extra: A) extends Type[A]
+
+  case class Field[A](name: Name, fieldType: Type[A])
 }
diff --git a/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/PathSpec.scala b/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/PathSpec.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..da84559a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/PathSpec.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+
+import zio.test._
+import zio.test.Assertion._
+import zio.test.environment._
+import scala.language.implicitConversions
+
+object PathSpec extends DefaultRunnableSpec {
+
+  def spec = suite("PathSpec")(
+    suite("Creating a Path from a String")(
+      test("Should be possible when given a simple string") {
+        assert(Path.fromString("Person"))(
+          equalTo(Path(List(Name.fromString("person"))))
+        )
+      },
+      test("Should be possible when given a dotted string") {
+        assert(Path.fromString("blog.Author"))(
+          equalTo(
+            Path(
+              List(Name.fromList(List("blog")), Name.fromList(List("author")))
+            )
+          )
+        )
+      }
+    ),
+    suite("Transforming a Path into a String")(
+      test("Should be supported (a)") {
+        val input =
+          Path(
+            Name("foo", "bar"),
+            Name("baz")
+          )
+
+        assert(Path.toString(Name.toTitleCase, ".", input))(
+          equalTo("FooBar.Baz")
+        )
+      },
+      test("Should be supported (b)") {
+        val input =
+          Path(
+            Name("foo", "bar"),
+            Name("baz")
+          )
+
+        assert(Path.toString(Name.toSnakeCase, "/", input))(
+          equalTo("foo_bar/baz")
+        )
+      }
+    ),
+    suite("Transforming to a list of Names")(
+      test("Should be support via the toList function") {
+        assert(
+          Path.toList(Path(Name("Com", "Example"), Name("Hello", "World")))
+        )(
+          equalTo(List(Name("Com", "Example"), Name("Hello", "World")))
+        )
+      }
+    ),
+    suite("Checking if one Path is a prefix of another should:")(
+      test("""Return true: Given path is "foo/bar" and prefix is "foo" """) {
+        val sut = Path.fromString("foo/bar")
+        val prefix = Path.fromString("foo")
+
+        assert(Path.isPrefixOf(prefix = prefix, path = sut))(isTrue)
+      },
+      test("""Return false: Given path is "foo/foo" and prefix is "bar" """) {
+        val sut = Path.fromString("foo/foo")
+        val prefix = Path.fromString("bar")
+
+        assert(Path.isPrefixOf(prefix = prefix, path = sut))(isFalse)
+      },
+      test("""Return true: Given equal paths""") {
+        val sut = Path.fromString("foo/bar/baz")
+        val prefix = sut
+
+        assert(Path.isPrefixOf(prefix = prefix, path = sut))(isTrue)
+      }
+    )
+  )
+
+}
diff --git a/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QNameSpec.scala b/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QNameSpec.scala
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..74194c58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/test/src/com/morganstanley/morphir/ir/QNameSpec.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package com.morganstanley.morphir.ir
+
+import zio.test._
+import zio.test.Assertion._
+import zio.test.environment._
+import scala.language.implicitConversions
+
+object QNameSpec extends DefaultRunnableSpec {
+
+  def spec = suite("QNameSpec")()
+
+}