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graph-rs-sdk

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Rust SDK Client for Microsoft Graph and Microsoft Identity Platform

Available on crates.io - v2.0.1 - Latest Stable Version

Feature Overview:

Microsoft Graph V1 and Beta API Client

  • Wide support for Graph APIs
  • Paging using Streaming, Channels, or Iterators
  • Upload Sessions, OData Queries, and File Downloads

Microsoft Identity Platform (Getting Access Tokens)

  • Auth Code, Client Credentials, Device Code, OpenId
  • In Memory Token Cache
  • Automatic Token Refresh
  • Interactive WebView Auth (feature = interactive-auth)
  • X509 Certificate (feature = openssl) and Proof Key Code Exchange (PKCE) Support

And much more. See Features for a more comprehensive list of features. See Cargo Feature Flags for features that can be enabled in the crate.

graph-rs-sdk = "2.0.1"
tokio = { version = "1.25.0", features = ["full"] }

For using types that implement serde Serialize as request bodies or passing serde's json macro:

serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
serde_json = "1"

To use stream features add the futures crate:

futures = "0.3"

And import futures::StreamExt.

use futures::StreamExt;
use graph_rs_sdk::*;

Features

Graph Client

OAuth and Openid

Identity Platform Auth Examples

What APIs are available

The APIs available are generated from OpenApi configs that are stored in Microsoft's msgraph-metadata repository for the Graph Api. There may be some requests and/or APIs not yet included in this project that are in the OpenApi config but in general most of them are implemented.

Cargo Feature Flags

  • interactive-auth: Interactive Authentication using web view on platforms that support it such as on a desktop. Uses the wry and tao crates for webview support. Supports Linux and Windows platforms. Currently, does not support MacOS - work for this is in progress.
  • openssl: Enables support for using certificates in Client Credentials and Authorization Code auth flows. Additionally, enables related types such as X509Certificate for building/running certificate based auth flows.
  • test-util: Enables test only features. Currently, this just enables the ability to turn off https only in the http client in order to use mocking frameworks with the crate. Other test related features may be added in the future.
  • native-tls: Enables feature native-tls in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.
  • rustls-tls: Enables feature rustls-tls in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.
  • brotli: Enables feature brotli in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.
  • deflate: Enables feature deflate in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.
  • trust-dns: Enables feature trust-dns in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.
  • socks: Enables feature socks (socks proxy support) in the reqwest http-client. See the reqwest crate for more details.

Usage

For extensive examples see the examples directory on GitHub

Async and Blocking Client

The crate can do both an async and blocking requests.

Async Client (default)

graph-rs-sdk = "2.0.1"
tokio = { version = "1.25.0", features = ["full"] }

Example

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .users()
      .list_user()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);
  
  Ok(())
}

Blocking Client

To use the blocking client use the into_blocking() method. You should not use tokio when using the blocking client.

graph-rs-sdk = "2.0.1"

Example

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

fn main() -> GraphResult<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

    let response = client
        .users()
        .list_user()
        .into_blocking()    
        .send()?;

    println!("{:#?}", response);

    let body: serde_json::Value = response.json()?;
    println!("{:#?}", body);

    Ok(())
}

The send method

The send() method is the main method for sending a request and returns a Result<rewest::Response, GraphFailure>. See the reqwest crate for information on the Response type.

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

pub async fn get_drive_item() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .me()
      .drive()
      .get_drive()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);
  
  Ok(())
}

Response Errors/Error Types

While the crate does have its own error type and result you will probably want to use crates like anyhow due to the amount of possible errors that could occur.

If the Microsoft Graph API returned an error this is almost always in the body of the response. The ResponseExt for async requests and BlockingResponseExt for blocking requests have convenience methods that can be used to get the error message from the body of the response.

use graph_rs_sdk::{http::ResponseExt, Graph};
use std::error::Error;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    let client = GraphClient::new("token");
    let response = client.users().list_user().send().await?;

    if !response.status().is_success() {
        if let Ok(error) = response.into_graph_error_message().await {
            println!("{error:#?}");
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}
Custom Types

You can pass your own types to API requests that require a request body by implementing serde::Serialize.

You can implement your own types by utilizing methods from reqwest::Response. These types must implement serde::Deserialize. See the reqwest crate for more info.

#[macro_use]
extern crate serde;

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct DriveItem {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    id: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    name: Option<String>,
    // ... Any other fields
}

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

static ITEM_ID: &str = "ITEM_ID";

pub async fn get_drive_item() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  
  let drive_item = DriveItem {
        id: None,
        name: Some("new name".into())
  };

  let response = client
      .me()
      .drive()
      .item(ITEM_ID)
      .update_items(&drive_item)
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let drive_item: DriveItem = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", drive_item);

  let response = client
      .me()
      .drive()
      .item(ITEM_ID)
      .get_items()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);
  
  let drive_item: DriveItem = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", drive_item);
  
  Ok(())
}

Paging

Paging handles scenarios where the response body is a truncated version of the data and a URL is provided to continue calling and getting the rest of the data. Paging can consist of multiple links in the call chain.

The sdk provides convenience methods for getting all data in a paging scenario such as using next links or using delta links to track changes to Graph data.

If you just want a quick and easy way to get all next link responses or the JSON bodies you can use the paging().json() method which will exhaust all next link calls and return all the responses in a VecDeque<Response<Result<T>>>. Keep in mind that the larger the volume of next link calls that need to be made the longer the return delay will be when calling this method.

All paging methods have their response body read in order to get the @odata.nextLink URL for calling next link requests. Because of this the original reqwest::Response is lost. However, the paging responses are re-wrapped in a Response object (http::Response) that is similar to reqwest::Response.

See the Detailed Guide On Paging to learn more about using Paging calls in the SDK.

There are different levels of support for paging Microsoft Graph APIs. See the documentation, Paging Microsoft Graph data in your app, for more info on supported APIs and availability.

#[macro_use]
extern crate serde;

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct User {
    pub(crate) id: Option<String>,
    #[serde(rename = "userPrincipalName")]
    user_principal_name: Option<String>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct Users {
  pub value: Vec<User>,
}

async fn paging() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

  let deque = client
      .users()
      .list_user()
      .select(&["id", "userPrincipalName"])
      .paging()
      .json::<Users>()
      .await?;
  
  println!("{:#?}", deque);
  
  Ok(())
}

The paging example shows a simple way to list users and call all next links. You can also stream the next link responses or use a channel receiver to get the responses.

Streaming

Streaming is only available using the async client.

use futures::StreamExt;
use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

pub async fn stream_next_links() -> GraphResult<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

    let mut stream = client
        .users()
        .list_user()
        .select(&["id", "userPrincipalName"])
        .paging()
        .stream::<serde_json::Value>()?;

    while let Some(result) = stream.next().await {
        let response = result?;
        println!("{:#?}", response);

        let body = response.into_body();
        println!("{:#?}", body);
    }

    Ok(())
}

pub async fn stream_delta() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  let mut stream = client
          .users()
          .delta()
          .paging()
          .stream::<serde_json::Value>()?;

  while let Some(result) = stream.next().await {
      let response = result?;
      println!("{:#?}", response);
  
      let body = response.into_body();
      println!("{:#?}", body);
  }

  Ok(())
}

Channels

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

async fn channel_next_links() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  let mut receiver = client
      .users()
      .list_user()
      .paging()
      .channel::<serde_json::Value>()
      .await?;

  while let Some(result) = receiver.recv().await {
    match result {
      Ok(response) => {
        println!("{:#?}", response);

        let body = response.into_body();
        println!("{:#?}", body);
      }
      Err(err) => panic!("{:#?}", err),
    }
  }
  
  Ok(())
}

Using types that implement std::io::Read or tokio::io::AsyncReadExt

File Types

If your familiar with using the reqwest crate you can use the reqwest::Body and reqwest::blocking::Body for working with files.

  1. You can pass std::fs::File and tokio::fs::File directly:
use graph_rs_sdk::GraphClient;

fn use_file_directly(file: File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");
  let _ = client
          .drive("drive-id")
          .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
          .update_items_content(file)
          .into_blocking()
          .send()?;

  Ok(())
}

async fn use_async_file_directly(file: tokio::fs::File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");
  let _ = client
          .drive("drive-id")
          .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
          .update_items_content(file)
          .send()
          .await?;

  Ok(())
}
  1. The reqwest::Body type is reexported as graph_rs_sdk::http::Body and the reqwest::blocking::Body type is reexported as graph_rs_sdk::http::blocking::Body.
use graph_rs_sdk::GraphClient;
use graph_rs_sdk::http::{Body, blocking};

fn use_reqwest_for_files(file: std::fs::File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new("token");
    let _ = client.drive("drive-id")
        .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
        .update_items_content(blocking::Body::from(file))
        .into_blocking()
        .send()?;
  
  Ok(())
}

async fn use_reqwest_for_async_files(file: tokio::fs::File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new("token");
    let _ = client.drive("drive-id")
        .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
        .update_items_content(Body::from(file))
        .send()
        .await?;
  
  Ok(())
}
  1. If you want to use the reqwest crate directly:
fn use_reqwest_for_files(file: File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");
  let _ = client
          .drive("drive-id")
          .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
          .update_items_content(reqwest::blocking::Body::from(file))
          .into_blocking()
          .send()?;

  Ok(())
}

async fn use_reqwest_for_tokio_files(file: tokio::fs::File) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");
  let _ = client
          .drive("drive-id")
          .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
          .update_items_content(reqwest::Body::from(file))
          .send()
          .await?;

  Ok(())
}

Other types that implement std::io::Read or tokio::io::AsyncReadExt

You can use the helper type BodyRead:

use graph_rs_sdk::http::BodyRead;
use graph_rs_sdk::GraphClient;

fn use_read(reader: impl std::io::Read) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");

  let body_read = BodyRead::from_read(reader)?;

  let _ = client
      .drive("drive-id")
      .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
      .update_items_content(body_read)
      .into_blocking()
      .send()?;

  Ok(())
}

async fn use_async_read(
    async_reader: impl tokio::io::AsyncReadExt + Unpin,
) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("token");
  
  let async_body_read = BodyRead::from_async_read(async_reader).await?;
  
  let _ = client
      .drive("drive-id")
      .item_by_path(":/drive/path:")
      .update_items_content(async_body_read)
      .send()
      .await?;

  Ok(())
}

API Usage

The following shows a few examples of how to use the client and a few of the APIs.

OneDrive

Make requests to drive using a drive id or through specific drives for me, sites, users, and groups.

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

async fn drives() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .drives()
      .list_drive()
      .send()
      .await
      .unwrap();

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  let response = client
      .drive("DRIVE-ID")
      .item("ITEM_ID")
      .get_items()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);
  
  Ok(())
}

Me API

async fn drive_me() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .me()
      .drive()
      .item("ITEM_ID")
      .get_items()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Users API

async fn drive_users() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .user("USER_ID")
      .drive()
      .item("ITEM_ID")
      .get_items()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Sites API

async fn drive_users() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
      .site("SITE_ID")
      .drive()
      .item("ITEM_ID")
      .get_items()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Create a folder.

use graph_rs_sdk::*;
use std::collections::HashMap;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";
static FOLDER_NAME: &str = "NEW_FOLDER_NAME";
static PARENT_ID: &str = "PARENT_ID";

// For more info on creating a folder see:
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/onedrive/developer/rest-api/api/driveitem_post_children?view=odsp-graph-online

pub async fn create_new_folder() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  let folder: HashMap<String, serde_json::Value> = HashMap::new();

  let response = client
      .me()
      .drive()
      .item(PARENT_ID)
      .create_children(&serde_json::json!({
          "name": FOLDER_NAME,
          "folder": folder,
          "@microsoft.graph.conflictBehavior": "fail"
      }))
      .send()
      .await?;
  
  println!("{:#?}", response);
  
  Ok(())
}

Path based addressing for drive.

// Pass the path location of the item staring from the OneDrive root folder.
// Start the path with :/ and end with :

async fn get_item_by_path() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let response = client
          .me()
          .drive()
          .item_by_path(":/documents/document.docx:")
          .get_items()
          .send()
          .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Mail

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

async fn get_mail_folder() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

  let response = client.me()
      .mail_folder(MAIL_FOLDER_ID)
      .get_mail_folders()
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await.unwrap();
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Create message

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";
static MAIL_FOLDER_ID: &str = "MAIL_FOLDER_ID";

async fn create_message() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  
  let response = client
      .me()
      .messages()
      .create_messages(&serde_json::json!({
          "subject":"Did you see last night's game?",
          "importance":"Low",
          "body":{
              "contentType":"HTML",
              "content":"They were <b>awesome</b>!"
          },
          "toRecipients":[
              {
                  "emailAddress":{
                      "address":"[email protected]"
                  }
              }
          ]
      }))
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);
  
  Ok(())
}

Send mail

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

async fn send_mail() -> GraphResult<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

    let response = client
        .me()
        .send_mail(&serde_json::json!({
            "message": {
              "subject": "Meet for lunch?",
              "body": {
                  "contentType": "Text",
                  "content": "The new cafeteria is open."
              },
              "toRecipients": [
                  {
                      "emailAddress": {
                      "address": "[email protected]"
                      }
                  }
              ],
              "ccRecipients": [
                  {
                      "emailAddress": {
                      "address": "[email protected]"
                      }
                  }
              ]
            },
          "saveToSentItems": "false"
        }))
        .send()
        .await?;

    println!("{:#?}", response);
    
    Ok(())
}

Mail folders

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";
static MAIL_FOLDER_ID: &str = "MAIL_FOLDER_ID";

async fn create_mail_folder_message() -> GraphResult<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  
    let response = client
        .me()
        .mail_folder(MAIL_FOLDER_ID)
        .messages()
        .create_messages(&serde_json::json!({
            "subject":"Did you see last night's game?",
            "importance":"Low",
            "body": {
                "contentType":"HTML",
                "content":"They were <b>awesome</b>!"
            },
            "toRecipients":[{
                    "emailAddress":{
                        "address":"[email protected]"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }))
        .send()
        .await?;

    println!("{:#?}", response);
    
    Ok(())
}

Get Inbox Messages

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";
static USER_ID: &str = "USER_ID";

async fn get_user_inbox_messages() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);
  
  let response = client
      .user(USER_ID)
      .mail_folder("Inbox")
      .messages()
      .list_messages()
      .top("2")
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Use your own struct. Anything that implements serde::Serialize can be used for things like creating messages for mail or creating a folder for OneDrive.

#[macro_use]
extern crate serde;

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct Message {
    subject: String,
    importance: String,
    body: HashMap<String, String>,
    #[serde(rename = "toRecipients")]
    to_recipients: Vec<ToRecipient>,
}

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct ToRecipient {
    #[serde(rename = "emailAddress")]
    email_address: EmailAddress,
}

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct EmailAddress {
    address: String,
}

async fn create_message() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

  let mut body: HashMap<String, String> = HashMap::new();
  body.insert("contentType".to_string(), "HTML".to_string());
  body.insert("content".to_string(), "They were <b>awesome</b>!".to_string());

  let message = Message {
      subject: "Did you see last night's game?".into(),
      importance: "Low".into(),
      body,
      to_recipients: vec![
        ToRecipient {
            email_address: EmailAddress {
              address : "[email protected]".into()
            }
        }
      ]
  };

  let response = client
      .me()
      .messages()
      .create_messages(&message)
      .send()
      .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

OData Queries

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

async fn create_message() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new("ACCESS_TOKEN");

// Get all files in the root of the drive
// and select only specific properties.
  let response = client
          .me()
          .drive()
          .get_drive()
          .select(&["id", "name"])
          .send()
          .await?;

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Batch Requests

Call multiple Graph APIs in a single request.

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

static USER_ID: &str = "USER_ID";
static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

async fn batch() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

  let json = serde_json::json!({
        "requests": [
            {
                "id": "1",
                "method": "GET",
                "url": format!("/users/{USER_ID}/drive")
            },
            {
                "id": "2",
                "method": "GET",
                "url": format!("/users/{USER_ID}/drive/root")
            },
            {
                "id": "3",
                "method": "GET",
                "url": format!("/users/{USER_ID}/drive/recent")
            },
            {
                "id": "4",
                "method": "GET",
                "url": format!("/users/{USER_ID}/drive/root/children")
            },
            {
                "id": "5",
                "method": "GET",
                "url": format!("/users/{USER_ID}/drive/special/documents")
            },
        ]
    });

  let response = client.batch(&json).send().await?;

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
  println!("{:#?}", body);

  Ok(())
}

Id vs Non-Id methods (such as user("user-id") vs users())

Many of the available APIs have methods that do not require an id for a resource as well as many of the APIs have methods that do require an id. For most all of these resources the methods are implemented in this sdk by using two different naming schemes and letting the user go directly to the methods they want.

As en example, the users API can list users without an id, and you can find list_users() by calling the users() method whereas getting a specific user requires a users id and you can find get_users() by calling user<ID: AsRef<str>>(id: ID) method.

Using the users() method:

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

// For more info on users see: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/resources/user?view=graph-rest-1.0
// For more examples see the examples directory on GitHub.

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

async fn list_users() -> GraphResult<()> {
  let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

  let response = client
      .users()
      .list_user()
      .send()
      .await
      .unwrap();

  println!("{:#?}", response);

  let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await.unwrap();
  println!("{:#?}", body);
  
  Ok(())
}

Using the user id user<ID: AsRef<str>>(id: ID) method:

use graph_rs_sdk::*;

// For more info on users see: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/resources/user?view=graph-rest-1.0
// For more examples see the examples directory on GitHub

static ACCESS_TOKEN: &str = "ACCESS_TOKEN";
static USER_ID: &str = "USER_ID";

async fn get_user() -> GraphResult<()> {
    let client = GraphClient::new(ACCESS_TOKEN);

    let response = client
        .user(USER_ID)
        .get_user()
        .send()
        .await?;

    println!("{:#?}", response);
    
    let body: serde_json::Value = response.json().await?;
    println!("{:#?}", body);
    
    Ok(())
}

OAuth - Getting Access Tokens

Use application builders to store your auth configuration and have the client handle the access token requests for you.

Support for:

  • OpenId, Auth Code Grant, Client Credentials, Device Code, Certificate Auth
  • Automatic Token Refresh
  • Interactive Authentication | features = [interactive-auth]
  • Device Code Polling
  • Authorization Using Certificates | features = [openssl]

Detailed Examples:

There are two main types for building your chosen OAuth or OpenId Connect Flow.

  • PublicClientApplication
  • ConfidentialClientApplication

Once you have built a ConfidentialClientApplication or a PublicClientApplication you can pass these to the graph client.

Automatic token refresh is also done by passing the ConfidentialClientApplication or the PublicClientApplication to the GraphClient client.

For more extensive examples see the OAuth Examples in the examples/oauth directory on GitHub.

fn build_client(confidential_client: ConfidentialClientApplication<ClientSecretCredential>) {
  let graph_client = GraphClient::from(&confidential_client);
}

Identity Platform Support

The following flows from the Microsoft Identity Platform are supported:

You can use the url builders for those flows that require an authorization code using a redirect after sign in you can use

Credentials

Authorization Code Grant

The authorization code grant is considered a confidential client (except in the hybrid flow) and we can get an access token by using the authorization code returned in the query of the URL on redirect after sign in is performed by the user.

Once you have the authorization code you can pass this to the client and the client will perform the request to get an access token on the first graph api call that you make.

Authorization Code Secret

use graph_rs_sdk::{
  GraphClient,
  oauth::ConfidentialClientApplication,
};

async fn build_client(
  authorization_code: &str,
  client_id: &str,
  client_secret: &str,
  redirect_uri: url::Url,
  scope: Vec<&str>
) -> anyhow::Result<GraphClient> {
  let mut confidential_client = ConfidentialClientApplication::builder(client_id)
          .with_authorization_code(authorization_code) // returns builder type for AuthorizationCodeCredential
          .with_client_secret(client_secret)
          .with_scope(scope)
          .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
          .build();

  let graph_client = GraphClient::from(confidential_client);
  
  Ok(graph_client)
}

Authorization Code Secret With Proof Key Code Exchange

use graph_rs_sdk::identity::{
  AuthorizationCodeCredential, ConfidentialClientApplication, GenPkce,
  ProofKeyCodeExchange, TokenCredentialExecutor,
};
use lazy_static::lazy_static;
use url::Url;

// You can also pass your own values for PKCE instead of automatic generation by
// calling ProofKeyCodeExchange::new(code_verifier, code_challenge, code_challenge_method)
lazy_static! {
    static ref PKCE: ProofKeyCodeExchange = ProofKeyCodeExchange::oneshot().unwrap();
}

fn authorization_sign_in_url(client_id: &str, redirect_uri: url::Url, scope: Vec<String>) -> anyhow::Result<Url> {
  Ok(AuthorizationCodeCredential::authorization_url_builder(client_id)
          .with_scope(scope)
          .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
          .with_pkce(&PKCE)
          .url()?)
}

fn build_confidential_client(
  authorization_code: &str,
  client_id: &str,
  client_secret: &str,
  redirect_uri: url::Url,
  scope: Vec<String>,
) -> anyhow::Result<ConfidentialClientApplication<AuthorizationCodeCredential>> {
  Ok(ConfidentialClientApplication::builder(client_id)
          .with_auth_code(authorization_code)
          .with_client_secret(client_secret)
          .with_scope(scope)
          .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
          .with_pkce(&PKCE)
          .build())
}

Client Credentials

The OAuth 2.0 client credentials grant flow permits a web service (confidential client) to use its own credentials, instead of impersonating a user, to authenticate when calling another web service. The grant specified in RFC 6749, sometimes called two-legged OAuth, can be used to access web-hosted resources by using the identity of an application. This type is commonly used for server-to-server interactions that must run in the background, without immediate interaction with a user, and is often referred to as daemons or service accounts.

Client credentials flow requires a one time administrator acceptance of the permissions for your apps scopes. To see an example of building the URL to sign in and accept permissions as an administrator see Admin Consent Example

Client Secret Credential

use graph_rs_sdk::{
  oauth::ConfidentialClientApplication, GraphClient
};

pub async fn get_graph_client(tenant: &str, client_id: &str, client_secret: &str) -> GraphClient {
  let mut confidential_client_application = ConfidentialClientApplication::builder(client_id)
          .with_client_secret(client_secret)
          .with_tenant(tenant)
          .build();

  GraphClient::from(&confidential_client_application)
}

Environment Credentials

Client Secret Environment Credential

Environment Variables:

  • AZURE_TENANT_ID (Optional/Recommended - puts the tenant id in the authorization url)
  • AZURE_CLIENT_ID (Required)
  • AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET (Required)
pub fn client_secret_credential() -> anyhow::Result<GraphClient> {
    let confidential_client = EnvironmentCredential::client_secret_credential()?;
    Ok(GraphClient::from(&confidential_client))
}

Resource Owner Password Credential

Environment Variables:

  • AZURE_TENANT_ID (Optional - puts the tenant id in the authorization url)
  • AZURE_CLIENT_ID (Required)
  • AZURE_USERNAME (Required)
  • AZURE_PASSWORD (Required)
pub fn username_password() -> anyhow::Result<GraphClient> {
    let public_client = EnvironmentCredential::resource_owner_password_credential()?;
    Ok(GraphClient::from(&public_client))
}

Automatic Token Refresh

The client stores tokens using an in memory cache. For other persistence mechanisms see Token Persistence Mechanism Development

Using automatic token refresh requires getting a refresh token as part of the token response. To get a refresh token you must include the offline_access scope.

Automatic token refresh is done by passing the ConfidentialClientApplication or the PublicClientApplication to the GraphClient client.

If you are using the client credentials grant you do not need the offline_access scope. Tokens will still be automatically refreshed as this flow does not require using a refresh token to get a new access token.

The example below uses the auth code grant.

First create the url where the user will sign in. After sign in the user will be redirected back to your app and the authentication code will be in the query of the uri.

pub fn authorization_sign_in_url(client_id: &str, tenant: &str, redirect_uri: url::Url) -> Url {
  let scope = vec!["offline_access"];

  AuthorizationCodeCredential::authorization_url_builder(client_id)
          .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
          .with_scope(scope)
          .url()
          .unwrap()
}

Once you have the authorization code you can build a confidential client and pass it to the graph client.

async fn build_client(
  authorization_code: &str,
  client_id: &str,
  client_secret: &str,
  scope: Vec<String>, // with offline_access
  redirect_uri: url::Url,
) -> anyhow::Result<GraphClient> {
  let mut confidential_client = ConfidentialClientApplication::builder(client_id)
          .with_auth_code(authorization_code) // returns builder type for AuthorizationCodeCredential
          .with_client_secret(client_secret)
          .with_scope(scope)
          .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
          .build();

  let graph_client = GraphClient::from(&confidential_client);

  Ok(graph_client)
}

Token Persistence Mechanism Development

Currently only an in-memory token cache is available for token persistence. Development for other persistence mechanisms such as Azure Key Vault and Desktop mechanisms, such as MacOS KeyChain, are being actively developed and will be in a post-2.0.0 release. You can track this progress in sreeise#432

Interactive Authentication

Requires Feature interactive-auth

WARNING: Running interactive-auth in an asynchronous context may lead to crashes in some scenarios. We recommend thoroughly testing in order to ensure you are able to use interactive-auth for your use case. Additionally, Device code interactive auth does not currently work in async code. We are working to address these issues in a post 2.0.0 release.

[dependencies]
graph-rs-sdk = { version = "...", features = ["interactive-auth"] }

Interactive Authentication uses the wry crate to run web view on platforms that support it such as on a desktop.

use graph_rs_sdk::{identity::{AuthorizationCodeCredential, Secret}, GraphClient};

async fn authenticate(
  tenant_id: &str,
  client_id: &str,
  client_secret: &str,
  redirect_uri: url::Url,
  scope: Vec<&str>,
) -> anyhow::Result<GraphClient> {
  std::env::set_var("RUST_LOG", "debug");
  pretty_env_logger::init();

  let (authorization_query_response, mut credential_builder) =
          AuthorizationCodeCredential::authorization_url_builder(client_id)
                  .with_tenant(tenant_id)
                  .with_scope(scope) // Adds offline_access as a scope which is needed to get a refresh token.
                  .with_redirect_uri(redirect_uri)
                  .with_interactive_auth(Secret("client-secret".to_string()), Default::default())
                  .unwrap();

  debug!("{authorization_query_response:#?}");

  let mut confidential_client = credential_builder.with_client_secret(client_secret).build();

  Ok(GraphClient::from(&confidential_client))
}

Contributing

See the Contributions guide on GitHub

Wiki:

See the GitHub Wiki

Feature requests or Bug reports

For bug reports please file an issue on GitHub and a response or fix will be given as soon as possible.

The Discussions tab on GitHub is enabled so feel free to stop by there with any questions or feature requests as well. For bugs, please file an issue first. Features can be requested through issues or discussions. Either way works. Other than that feel free to ask questions, provide tips to others, and talk about the project in general.