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History.html
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<html>
<head>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<title>
History of Operating Systems
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
History of Operating Systems
</h1>
<div style="text-align:center">
<p>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/1920px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png"
width="640" height="427">
</p>
</div>
<h2>
Why Bother Studying Computer History?
</h2>
<p>
"If you don't know your past you won't know your future."
-- Ziggy Marley
<br>
<br>
"If you knew your history<br>
Then you'd know where I'm coming from<br>
Then you wouldn't have to ask me<br>
Who the hell do I think I am?<br>
-- Bob Marley
<br>
</p>
<p>
R. G. Collingwood
<br>
All inventions in computer science -- indeed all advances in
mathematics, in physics, in engineering -- have been solutions
to existing problems.
</p>
<h2>
The First Generation (1945-1955): Vacuum Tubes
</h2>
<p>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Elektronenroehren-auswahl.jpg/250px-Elektronenroehren-auswahl.jpg">
<figcaption>Vacuum tubes.</figcaption>
</figure>
<br>
</p>
<h3>
Characteristic features
</h3>
<ul>
<li>No operating system
<li>No programing languages
<li>Programs were on plugboards... later, punch cards
</ul>
<p>
<br>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/IBM402plugboard.Shrigley.wireside.jpg/800px-IBM402plugboard.Shrigley.wireside.jpg"
height="300" width="360">
<figcaption>A profit and loss summary!</figcaption>
</figure>
<br>
<br>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FortranCardPROJ039.agr.jpg/1280px-FortranCardPROJ039.agr.jpg"
height="250" width="500">
<figcaption>A punch card.</figcaption>
</figure>
</p>
</p>
<h2>
The Second Generation (1955-1965):
Transistors and Batch Systems
</h2>
<p>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/IBM_704_mainframe.gif">
<br>
<figcaption>An 1960 computer: the entire room</figcaption>.
</figure>
<br>
<h2>
The Third Generation (1965-1980):
ICs and Multiprogramming
</h2>
<p>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F038812-0014%2C_Wolfsburg%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F038812-0014%2C_Wolfsburg%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg">
<br>
<figcaption>IBM/360</figcaption>
</figure>
<br>
<br>
</p>
<h2>
The Fourth Generation (1980-Present):
Personal Computers
</h2>
<p>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Altair_8800_Computer.jpg/300px-Altair_8800_Computer.jpg">
<figcaption>Altair 8800 with 8-inch disk drive</figcaption>
</figure>
<br>
<br>
</p>
<h2>
The Fifth Generation (1990-Present): Mobile Computers
</h2>
<p>
<figure>
<img
src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/PalmTX.jpg/220px-PalmTX.jpg">
<figcaption>A Palm Pilot.</figcaption>
</figure>
<br>
</p>
<h2>
Credits
</h2>
<ul>
<li>UNIX history diagram:
By Eraserhead1, Infinity0, Sav_vas - Levenez Unix
History Diagram, Information on the history of IBM's
AIX on ibm.com, CC BY-SA 3.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1801948
</ul>
<h2>
External Links
</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a
href="http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/computers/">
A timeline of computer history
</a>
</ul>
<h2>
Homework
</h2>
<ol>
<li>Study lectures!
</ol>
</body>
</html>