Encodes and decodes to and from Base64 notation.
+ *Homepage: http://iharder.net/base64.
+ * + *Example:
+ * + *String encoded = Base64.encode( myByteArray );
+ * byte[] myByteArray = Base64.decode( encoded );
+ *
+ * The options parameter, which appears in a few places, is used to pass + * several pieces of information to the encoder. In the "higher level" methods such as + * encodeBytes( bytes, options ) the options parameter can be used to indicate such + * things as first gzipping the bytes before encoding them, not inserting linefeeds, + * and encoding using the URL-safe and Ordered dialects.
+ * + *Note, according to RFC3548, + * Section 2.1, implementations should not add line feeds unless explicitly told + * to do so. I've got Base64 set to this behavior now, although earlier versions + * broke lines by default.
+ * + *The constants defined in Base64 can be OR-ed together to combine options, so you + * might make a call like this:
+ * + *String encoded = Base64.encodeBytes( mybytes, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES );
+ * to compress the data before encoding it and then making the output have newline characters.
+ *Also...
+ *String encoded = Base64.encodeBytes( crazyString.getBytes() );
+ *
+ *
+ *
+ * + * Change Log: + *
+ *+ * I am placing this code in the Public Domain. Do with it as you will. + * This software comes with no guarantees or warranties but with + * plenty of well-wishing instead! + * Please visit http://iharder.net/base64 + * periodically to check for updates or to contribute improvements. + *
+ * + * @author Robert Harder + * @author rob@iharder.net + * @version 2.3.3 + */ +public class Base64 +{ + +/* ******** P U B L I C F I E L D S ******** */ + + + /** No options specified. Value is zero. */ + public final static int NO_OPTIONS = 0; + + /** Specify encoding in first bit. Value is one. */ + public final static int ENCODE = 1; + + + /** Specify decoding in first bit. Value is zero. */ + public final static int DECODE = 0; + + + /** Specify that data should be gzip-compressed in second bit. Value is two. */ + public final static int GZIP = 2; + + /** Specify that gzipped data should not be automatically gunzipped. */ + public final static int DONT_GUNZIP = 4; + + + /** Do break lines when encoding. Value is 8. */ + public final static int DO_BREAK_LINES = 8; + + /** + * Encode using Base64-like encoding that is URL- and Filename-safe as described + * in Section 4 of RFC3548: + * http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3548.html. + * It is important to note that data encoded this way is not officially valid Base64, + * or at the very least should not be called Base64 without also specifying that is + * was encoded using the URL- and Filename-safe dialect. + */ + public final static int URL_SAFE = 16; + + + /** + * Encode using the special "ordered" dialect of Base64 described here: + * http://www.faqs.org/qa/rfcc-1940.html. + */ + public final static int ORDERED = 32; + + +/* ******** P R I V A T E F I E L D S ******** */ + + + /** Maximum line length (76) of Base64 output. */ + private final static int MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 76; + + + /** The equals sign (=) as a byte. */ + private final static byte EQUALS_SIGN = (byte)'='; + + + /** The new line character (\n) as a byte. */ + private final static byte NEW_LINE = (byte)'\n'; + + + /** Preferred encoding. */ + private final static String PREFERRED_ENCODING = "US-ASCII"; + + + private final static byte WHITE_SPACE_ENC = -5; // Indicates white space in encoding + private final static byte EQUALS_SIGN_ENC = -1; // Indicates equals sign in encoding + + +/* ******** S T A N D A R D B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ + + /** The 64 valid Base64 values. */ + /* Host platform me be something funny like EBCDIC, so we hardcode these values. */ + private final static byte[] _STANDARD_ALPHABET = { + (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', + (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', + (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', + (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', + (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', + (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', + (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', + (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z', + (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', (byte)'5', + (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'+', (byte)'/' + }; + + + /** + * Translates a Base64 value to either its 6-bit reconstruction value + * or a negative number indicating some other meaning. + **/ + private final static byte[] _STANDARD_DECODABET = { + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 + -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed + -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 + -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 + -5, // Whitespace: Space + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 + 62, // Plus sign at decimal 43 + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 44 - 46 + 63, // Slash at decimal 47 + 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61, // Numbers zero through nine + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 + -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 + 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, // Letters 'A' through 'N' + 14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25, // Letters 'O' through 'Z' + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 96 + 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38, // Letters 'a' through 'm' + 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51, // Letters 'n' through 'z' + -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 + /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ + }; + + +/* ******** U R L S A F E B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ + + /** + * Used in the URL- and Filename-safe dialect described in Section 4 of RFC3548: + * http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3548.html. + * Notice that the last two bytes become "hyphen" and "underscore" instead of "plus" and "slash." + */ + private final static byte[] _URL_SAFE_ALPHABET = { + (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', + (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', + (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', + (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', + (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', + (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', + (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', + (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z', + (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', (byte)'5', + (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'-', (byte)'_' + }; + + /** + * Used in decoding URL- and Filename-safe dialects of Base64. + */ + private final static byte[] _URL_SAFE_DECODABET = { + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 + -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed + -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 + -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 + -5, // Whitespace: Space + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 + -9, // Plus sign at decimal 43 + -9, // Decimal 44 + 62, // Minus sign at decimal 45 + -9, // Decimal 46 + -9, // Slash at decimal 47 + 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61, // Numbers zero through nine + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 + -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 + 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, // Letters 'A' through 'N' + 14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25, // Letters 'O' through 'Z' + -9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 94 + 63, // Underscore at decimal 95 + -9, // Decimal 96 + 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38, // Letters 'a' through 'm' + 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51, // Letters 'n' through 'z' + -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 + /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ + }; + + + +/* ******** O R D E R E D B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ + + /** + * I don't get the point of this technique, but someone requested it, + * and it is described here: + * http://www.faqs.org/qa/rfcc-1940.html. + */ + private final static byte[] _ORDERED_ALPHABET = { + (byte)'-', + (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', + (byte)'5', (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', + (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', + (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', + (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', + (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', + (byte)'_', + (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', + (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', + (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', + (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z' + }; + + /** + * Used in decoding the "ordered" dialect of Base64. + */ + private final static byte[] _ORDERED_DECODABET = { + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 + -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed + -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 + -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 + -5, // Whitespace: Space + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 + -9, // Plus sign at decimal 43 + -9, // Decimal 44 + 0, // Minus sign at decimal 45 + -9, // Decimal 46 + -9, // Slash at decimal 47 + 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, // Numbers zero through nine + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 + -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 + -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 + 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23, // Letters 'A' through 'M' + 24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36, // Letters 'N' through 'Z' + -9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 94 + 37, // Underscore at decimal 95 + -9, // Decimal 96 + 38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50, // Letters 'a' through 'm' + 51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63, // Letters 'n' through 'z' + -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 + /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 + -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ + }; + + +/* ******** D E T E R M I N E W H I C H A L H A B E T ******** */ + + + /** + * Returns one of the _SOMETHING_ALPHABET byte arrays depending on + * the options specified. + * It's possible, though silly, to specify ORDERED and URLSAFE + * in which case one of them will be picked, though there is + * no guarantee as to which one will be picked. + */ + private final static byte[] getAlphabet( int options ) { + if ((options & URL_SAFE) == URL_SAFE) { + return _URL_SAFE_ALPHABET; + } else if ((options & ORDERED) == ORDERED) { + return _ORDERED_ALPHABET; + } else { + return _STANDARD_ALPHABET; + } + } // end getAlphabet + + + /** + * Returns one of the _SOMETHING_DECODABET byte arrays depending on + * the options specified. + * It's possible, though silly, to specify ORDERED and URL_SAFE + * in which case one of them will be picked, though there is + * no guarantee as to which one will be picked. + */ + private final static byte[] getDecodabet( int options ) { + if( (options & URL_SAFE) == URL_SAFE) { + return _URL_SAFE_DECODABET; + } else if ((options & ORDERED) == ORDERED) { + return _ORDERED_DECODABET; + } else { + return _STANDARD_DECODABET; + } + } // end getAlphabet + + + + /** Defeats instantiation. */ + private Base64(){} + + + + public static int getEncodedLengthWithoutPadding(int unencodedLength) { + int remainderBytes = unencodedLength % 3; + int paddingBytes = 0; + + if (remainderBytes != 0) + paddingBytes = 3 - remainderBytes; + + return (((int)((unencodedLength+2)/3))*4) - paddingBytes; + } + + public static int getEncodedBytesForTarget(int targetSize) { + return ((int)(targetSize * 3)) / 4; + } + + +/* ******** E N C O D I N G M E T H O D S ******** */ + + + /** + * Encodes up to the first three bytes of array threeBytes + * and returns a four-byte array in Base64 notation. + * The actual number of significant bytes in your array is + * given by numSigBytes. + * The array threeBytes needs only be as big as + * numSigBytes. + * Code can reuse a byte array by passing a four-byte array as b4. + * + * @param b4 A reusable byte array to reduce array instantiation + * @param threeBytes the array to convert + * @param numSigBytes the number of significant bytes in your array + * @return four byte array in Base64 notation. + * @since 1.5.1 + */ + private static byte[] encode3to4( byte[] b4, byte[] threeBytes, int numSigBytes, int options ) { + encode3to4( threeBytes, 0, numSigBytes, b4, 0, options ); + return b4; + } // end encode3to4 + + + /** + *Encodes up to three bytes of the array source + * and writes the resulting four Base64 bytes to destination. + * The source and destination arrays can be manipulated + * anywhere along their length by specifying + * srcOffset and destOffset. + * This method does not check to make sure your arrays + * are large enough to accomodate srcOffset + 3 for + * the source array or destOffset + 4 for + * the destination array. + * The actual number of significant bytes in your array is + * given by numSigBytes.
+ *This is the lowest level of the encoding methods with + * all possible parameters.
+ * + * @param source the array to convert + * @param srcOffset the index where conversion begins + * @param numSigBytes the number of significant bytes in your array + * @param destination the array to hold the conversion + * @param destOffset the index where output will be put + * @return the destination array + * @since 1.3 + */ + private static byte[] encode3to4( + byte[] source, int srcOffset, int numSigBytes, + byte[] destination, int destOffset, int options ) { + + byte[] ALPHABET = getAlphabet( options ); + + // 1 2 3 + // 01234567890123456789012345678901 Bit position + // --------000000001111111122222222 Array position from threeBytes + // --------| || || || | Six bit groups to index ALPHABET + // >>18 >>12 >> 6 >> 0 Right shift necessary + // 0x3f 0x3f 0x3f Additional AND + + // Create buffer with zero-padding if there are only one or two + // significant bytes passed in the array. + // We have to shift left 24 in order to flush out the 1's that appear + // when Java treats a value as negative that is cast from a byte to an int. + int inBuff = ( numSigBytes > 0 ? ((source[ srcOffset ] << 24) >>> 8) : 0 ) + | ( numSigBytes > 1 ? ((source[ srcOffset + 1 ] << 24) >>> 16) : 0 ) + | ( numSigBytes > 2 ? ((source[ srcOffset + 2 ] << 24) >>> 24) : 0 ); + + switch( numSigBytes ) + { + case 3: + destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; + destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; + destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 6) & 0x3f ]; + destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff ) & 0x3f ]; + return destination; + + case 2: + destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; + destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; + destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 6) & 0x3f ]; + destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; + return destination; + + case 1: + destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; + destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; + destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; + destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; + return destination; + + default: + return destination; + } // end switch + } // end encode3to4 + + + + /** + * Performs Base64 encoding on theraw ByteBuffer,
+ * writing it to the encoded ByteBuffer.
+ * This is an experimental feature. Currently it does not
+ * pass along any options (such as {@link #DO_BREAK_LINES}
+ * or {@link #GZIP}.
+ *
+ * @param raw input buffer
+ * @param encoded output buffer
+ * @since 2.3
+ */
+ public static void encode( java.nio.ByteBuffer raw, java.nio.ByteBuffer encoded ){
+ byte[] raw3 = new byte[3];
+ byte[] enc4 = new byte[4];
+
+ while( raw.hasRemaining() ){
+ int rem = Math.min(3,raw.remaining());
+ raw.get(raw3,0,rem);
+ Base64.encode3to4(enc4, raw3, rem, Base64.NO_OPTIONS );
+ encoded.put(enc4);
+ } // end input remaining
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Performs Base64 encoding on the raw ByteBuffer,
+ * writing it to the encoded CharBuffer.
+ * This is an experimental feature. Currently it does not
+ * pass along any options (such as {@link #DO_BREAK_LINES}
+ * or {@link #GZIP}.
+ *
+ * @param raw input buffer
+ * @param encoded output buffer
+ * @since 2.3
+ */
+ public static void encode( java.nio.ByteBuffer raw, java.nio.CharBuffer encoded ){
+ byte[] raw3 = new byte[3];
+ byte[] enc4 = new byte[4];
+
+ while( raw.hasRemaining() ){
+ int rem = Math.min(3,raw.remaining());
+ raw.get(raw3,0,rem);
+ Base64.encode3to4(enc4, raw3, rem, Base64.NO_OPTIONS );
+ for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ ){
+ encoded.put( (char)(enc4[i] & 0xFF) );
+ }
+ } // end input remaining
+ }
+
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Serializes an object and returns the Base64-encoded
+ * version of that serialized object.
+ *
+ * As of v 2.3, if the object + * cannot be serialized or there is another error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * The object is not GZip-compressed before being encoded. + * + * @param serializableObject The object to encode + * @return The Base64-encoded object + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if serializedObject is null + * @since 1.4 + */ + public static String encodeObject( java.io.Serializable serializableObject ) + throws java.io.IOException { + return encodeObject( serializableObject, NO_OPTIONS ); + } // end encodeObject + + + + /** + * Serializes an object and returns the Base64-encoded + * version of that serialized object. + * + *As of v 2.3, if the object + * cannot be serialized or there is another error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * The object is not GZip-compressed before being encoded. + *+ * Example options:
+ * GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it. + * DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters + *+ *
+ * Example: encodeObject( myObj, Base64.GZIP ) or
+ *
+ * Example: encodeObject( myObj, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
+ *
+ * @param serializableObject The object to encode
+ * @param options Specified options
+ * @return The Base64-encoded object
+ * @see Base64#GZIP
+ * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
+ * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+ public static String encodeObject( java.io.Serializable serializableObject, int options )
+ throws java.io.IOException {
+
+ if( serializableObject == null ){
+ throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot serialize a null object." );
+ } // end if: null
+
+ // Streams
+ java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
+ java.io.OutputStream b64os = null;
+ java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream gzos = null;
+ java.io.ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
+
+
+ try {
+ // ObjectOutputStream -> (GZIP) -> Base64 -> ByteArrayOutputStream
+ baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream();
+ b64os = new OutputStream( baos, ENCODE | options );
+ if( (options & GZIP) != 0 ){
+ // Gzip
+ gzos = new java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream(b64os);
+ oos = new java.io.ObjectOutputStream( gzos );
+ } else {
+ // Not gzipped
+ oos = new java.io.ObjectOutputStream( b64os );
+ }
+ oos.writeObject( serializableObject );
+ } // end try
+ catch( java.io.IOException e ) {
+ // Catch it and then throw it immediately so that
+ // the finally{} block is called for cleanup.
+ throw e;
+ } // end catch
+ finally {
+ try{ oos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){}
+ try{ gzos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){}
+ try{ b64os.close(); } catch( Exception e ){}
+ try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){}
+ } // end finally
+
+ // Return value according to relevant encoding.
+ try {
+ return new String( baos.toByteArray(), PREFERRED_ENCODING );
+ } // end try
+ catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uue){
+ // Fall back to some Java default
+ return new String( baos.toByteArray() );
+ } // end catch
+
+ } // end encode
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation.
+ * Does not GZip-compress data.
+ *
+ * @param source The data to convert
+ * @return The data in Base64-encoded form
+ * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null
+ * @since 1.4
+ */
+ public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source ) {
+ // Since we're not going to have the GZIP encoding turned on,
+ // we're not going to have an java.io.IOException thrown, so
+ // we should not force the user to have to catch it.
+ String encoded = null;
+ try {
+ encoded = encodeBytes(source, 0, source.length, NO_OPTIONS);
+ } catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
+ assert false : ex.getMessage();
+ } // end catch
+ assert encoded != null;
+ return encoded;
+ } // end encodeBytes
+
+
+ public static String encodeBytesWithoutPadding(byte[] source, int offset, int length) {
+ String encoded = null;
+
+ try {
+ encoded = encodeBytes(source, offset, length, NO_OPTIONS);
+ } catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
+ assert false : ex.getMessage();
+ }
+
+ assert encoded != null;
+
+ if (encoded.charAt(encoded.length()-2) == '=') return encoded.substring(0, encoded.length()-2);
+ else if (encoded.charAt(encoded.length()-1) == '=') return encoded.substring(0, encoded.length()-1);
+ else return encoded;
+
+ }
+
+ public static String encodeBytesWithoutPadding(byte[] source) {
+ return encodeBytesWithoutPadding(source, 0, source.length);
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation.
+ *
+ * Example options:
+ * GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it. + * DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters + * Note: Technically, this makes your encoding non-compliant. + *+ *
+ * Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP ) or
+ *
+ * Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
+ *
+ *
+ *
As of v 2.3, if there is an error with the GZIP stream, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * + * @param source The data to convert + * @param options Specified options + * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String + * @see Base64#GZIP + * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null + * @since 2.0 + */ + public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { + return encodeBytes( source, 0, source.length, options ); + } // end encodeBytes + + + /** + * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation. + * Does not GZip-compress data. + * + *As of v 2.3, if there is an error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * + * @param source The data to convert + * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin + * @param len Length of data to convert + * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String + * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid + * @since 1.4 + */ + public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len ) { + // Since we're not going to have the GZIP encoding turned on, + // we're not going to have an java.io.IOException thrown, so + // we should not force the user to have to catch it. + String encoded = null; + try { + encoded = encodeBytes( source, off, len, NO_OPTIONS ); + } catch (java.io.IOException ex) { + assert false : ex.getMessage(); + } // end catch + assert encoded != null; + return encoded; + } // end encodeBytes + + + + /** + * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation. + *+ * Example options:
+ * GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it. + * DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters + * Note: Technically, this makes your encoding non-compliant. + *+ *
+ * Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP ) or
+ *
+ * Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
+ *
+ *
+ *
As of v 2.3, if there is an error with the GZIP stream, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * + * @param source The data to convert + * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin + * @param len Length of data to convert + * @param options Specified options + * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String + * @see Base64#GZIP + * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid + * @since 2.0 + */ + public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { + byte[] encoded = encodeBytesToBytes( source, off, len, options ); + + // Return value according to relevant encoding. + try { + return new String( encoded, PREFERRED_ENCODING ); + } // end try + catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uue) { + return new String( encoded ); + } // end catch + + } // end encodeBytes + + + + + /** + * Similar to {@link #encodeBytes(byte[])} but returns + * a byte array instead of instantiating a String. This is more efficient + * if you're working with I/O streams and have large data sets to encode. + * + * + * @param source The data to convert + * @return The Base64-encoded data as a byte[] (of ASCII characters) + * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null + * @since 2.3.1 + */ + public static byte[] encodeBytesToBytes( byte[] source ) { + byte[] encoded = null; + try { + encoded = encodeBytesToBytes( source, 0, source.length, Base64.NO_OPTIONS ); + } catch( java.io.IOException ex ) { + assert false : "IOExceptions only come from GZipping, which is turned off: " + ex.getMessage(); + } + return encoded; + } + + + /** + * Similar to {@link #encodeBytes(byte[], int, int, int)} but returns + * a byte array instead of instantiating a String. This is more efficient + * if you're working with I/O streams and have large data sets to encode. + * + * + * @param source The data to convert + * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin + * @param len Length of data to convert + * @param options Specified options + * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String + * @see Base64#GZIP + * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid + * @since 2.3.1 + */ + public static byte[] encodeBytesToBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { + + if( source == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot serialize a null array." ); + } // end if: null + + if( off < 0 ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot have negative offset: " + off ); + } // end if: off < 0 + + if( len < 0 ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot have length offset: " + len ); + } // end if: len < 0 + + if( off + len > source.length ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( + String.format( "Cannot have offset of %d and length of %d with array of length %d", off,len,source.length)); + } // end if: off < 0 + + + + // Compress? + if( (options & GZIP) != 0 ) { + java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; + java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream gzos = null; + OutputStream b64os = null; + + try { + // GZip -> Base64 -> ByteArray + baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream(); + b64os = new OutputStream( baos, ENCODE | options ); + gzos = new java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream( b64os ); + + gzos.write( source, off, len ); + gzos.close(); + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + // Catch it and then throw it immediately so that + // the finally{} block is called for cleanup. + throw e; + } // end catch + finally { + try{ gzos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + try{ b64os.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + } // end finally + + return baos.toByteArray(); + } // end if: compress + + // Else, don't compress. Better not to use streams at all then. + else { + boolean breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) > 0; + + //int len43 = len * 4 / 3; + //byte[] outBuff = new byte[ ( len43 ) // Main 4:3 + // + ( (len % 3) > 0 ? 4 : 0 ) // Account for padding + // + (breakLines ? ( len43 / MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) : 0) ]; // New lines + // Try to determine more precisely how big the array needs to be. + // If we get it right, we don't have to do an array copy, and + // we save a bunch of memory. + int encLen = ( len / 3 ) * 4 + ( len % 3 > 0 ? 4 : 0 ); // Bytes needed for actual encoding + if( breakLines ){ + encLen += encLen / MAX_LINE_LENGTH; // Plus extra newline characters + } + byte[] outBuff = new byte[ encLen ]; + + + int d = 0; + int e = 0; + int len2 = len - 2; + int lineLength = 0; + for( ; d < len2; d+=3, e+=4 ) { + encode3to4( source, d+off, 3, outBuff, e, options ); + + lineLength += 4; + if( breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) + { + outBuff[e+4] = NEW_LINE; + e++; + lineLength = 0; + } // end if: end of line + } // en dfor: each piece of array + + if( d < len ) { + encode3to4( source, d+off, len - d, outBuff, e, options ); + e += 4; + } // end if: some padding needed + + + // Only resize array if we didn't guess it right. + if( e < outBuff.length - 1 ){ + byte[] finalOut = new byte[e]; + System.arraycopy(outBuff,0, finalOut,0,e); + //System.err.println("Having to resize array from " + outBuff.length + " to " + e ); + return finalOut; + } else { + //System.err.println("No need to resize array."); + return outBuff; + } + + } // end else: don't compress + + } // end encodeBytesToBytes + + + + + +/* ******** D E C O D I N G M E T H O D S ******** */ + + + /** + * Decodes four bytes from array source + * and writes the resulting bytes (up to three of them) + * to destination. + * The source and destination arrays can be manipulated + * anywhere along their length by specifying + * srcOffset and destOffset. + * This method does not check to make sure your arrays + * are large enough to accomodate srcOffset + 4 for + * the source array or destOffset + 3 for + * the destination array. + * This method returns the actual number of bytes that + * were converted from the Base64 encoding. + *This is the lowest level of the decoding methods with + * all possible parameters.
+ * + * + * @param source the array to convert + * @param srcOffset the index where conversion begins + * @param destination the array to hold the conversion + * @param destOffset the index where output will be put + * @param options alphabet type is pulled from this (standard, url-safe, ordered) + * @return the number of decoded bytes converted + * @throws NullPointerException if source or destination arrays are null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if srcOffset or destOffset are invalid + * or there is not enough room in the array. + * @since 1.3 + */ + private static int decode4to3( + byte[] source, int srcOffset, + byte[] destination, int destOffset, int options ) { + + // Lots of error checking and exception throwing + if( source == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Source array was null." ); + } // end if + if( destination == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Destination array was null." ); + } // end if + if( srcOffset < 0 || srcOffset + 3 >= source.length ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( + "Source array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and still process four bytes.", source.length, srcOffset ) ); + } // end if + if( destOffset < 0 || destOffset +2 >= destination.length ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( + "Destination array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and still store three bytes.", destination.length, destOffset ) ); + } // end if + + + byte[] DECODABET = getDecodabet( options ); + + // Example: Dk== + if( source[ srcOffset + 2] == EQUALS_SIGN ) { + // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. + //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ); + int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ); + + destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 16 ); + return 1; + } + + // Example: DkL= + else if( source[ srcOffset + 3 ] == EQUALS_SIGN ) { + // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. + //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 18 ); + int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 6 ); + + destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 16 ); + destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 8 ); + return 2; + } + + // Example: DkLE + else { + // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. + //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 18 ) + // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 3 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 24 ); + int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 6) + | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 3 ] ] & 0xFF ) ); + + + destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >> 16 ); + destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = (byte)( outBuff >> 8 ); + destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = (byte)( outBuff ); + + return 3; + } + } // end decodeToBytes + + + + + + /** + * Low-level access to decoding ASCII characters in + * the form of a byte array. Ignores GUNZIP option, if + * it's set. This is not generally a recommended method, + * although it is used internally as part of the decoding process. + * Special case: if len = 0, an empty array is returned. Still, + * if you need more speed and reduced memory footprint (and aren't + * gzipping), consider this method. + * + * @param source The Base64 encoded data + * @return decoded data + * @since 2.3.1 + */ + public static byte[] decode( byte[] source ){ + byte[] decoded = null; + try { + decoded = decode( source, 0, source.length, Base64.NO_OPTIONS ); + } catch( java.io.IOException ex ) { + assert false : "IOExceptions only come from GZipping, which is turned off: " + ex.getMessage(); + } + return decoded; + } + + + /** + * Low-level access to decoding ASCII characters in + * the form of a byte array. Ignores GUNZIP option, if + * it's set. This is not generally a recommended method, + * although it is used internally as part of the decoding process. + * Special case: if len = 0, an empty array is returned. Still, + * if you need more speed and reduced memory footprint (and aren't + * gzipping), consider this method. + * + * @param source The Base64 encoded data + * @param off The offset of where to begin decoding + * @param len The length of characters to decode + * @param options Can specify options such as alphabet type to use + * @return decoded data + * @throws java.io.IOException If bogus characters exist in source data + * @since 1.3 + */ + public static byte[] decode( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + // Lots of error checking and exception throwing + if( source == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot decode null source array." ); + } // end if + if( off < 0 || off + len > source.length ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( + "Source array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and process %d bytes.", source.length, off, len ) ); + } // end if + + if( len == 0 ){ + return new byte[0]; + }else if( len < 4 ){ + throw new IllegalArgumentException( + "Base64-encoded string must have at least four characters, but length specified was " + len ); + } // end if + + byte[] DECODABET = getDecodabet( options ); + + int len34 = len * 3 / 4; // Estimate on array size + byte[] outBuff = new byte[ len34 ]; // Upper limit on size of output + int outBuffPosn = 0; // Keep track of where we're writing + + byte[] b4 = new byte[4]; // Four byte buffer from source, eliminating white space + int b4Posn = 0; // Keep track of four byte input buffer + int i = 0; // Source array counter + byte sbiCrop = 0; // Low seven bits (ASCII) of input + byte sbiDecode = 0; // Special value from DECODABET + + for( i = off; i < off+len; i++ ) { // Loop through source + + sbiCrop = (byte)(source[i] & 0x7f); // Only the low seven bits + sbiDecode = DECODABET[ sbiCrop ]; // Special value + + // White space, Equals sign, or legit Base64 character + // Note the values such as -5 and -9 in the + // DECODABETs at the top of the file. + if( sbiDecode >= WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) { + if( sbiDecode >= EQUALS_SIGN_ENC ) { + b4[ b4Posn++ ] = sbiCrop; // Save non-whitespace + if( b4Posn > 3 ) { // Time to decode? + outBuffPosn += decode4to3( b4, 0, outBuff, outBuffPosn, options ); + b4Posn = 0; + + // If that was the equals sign, break out of 'for' loop + if( sbiCrop == EQUALS_SIGN ) { + break; + } // end if: equals sign + } // end if: quartet built + } // end if: equals sign or better + } // end if: white space, equals sign or better + else { + // There's a bad input character in the Base64 stream. + throw new java.io.IOException( String.format( + "Bad Base64 input character '%c' in array position %d", source[i], i ) ); + } // end else: + } // each input character + + byte[] out = new byte[ outBuffPosn ]; + System.arraycopy( outBuff, 0, out, 0, outBuffPosn ); + return out; + } // end decode + + + + + /** + * Signal modified: + * Decodes data from Base64 notation, it does not detect gzip-compressed data. + * + * @param s the string to decode + * @return the decoded data + * @throws java.io.IOException If there is a problem + * @since 1.4 + */ + public static byte[] decode( String s ) throws java.io.IOException { + // Signal: We never use gzip, avoid trying to unzip. + // return decode( s, NO_OPTIONS ); + return decode( s, DONT_GUNZIP ); + } + + + public static byte[] decodeWithoutPadding(String source) throws java.io.IOException { + int padding = source.length() % 4; + + if (padding == 1) source = source + "="; + else if (padding == 2) source = source + "=="; + else if (padding == 3) source = source + "="; + + return decode(source); + } + + + + /** + * Decodes data from Base64 notation, automatically + * detecting gzip-compressed data and decompressing it. + * + * @param s the string to decode + * @param options encode options such as URL_SAFE + * @return the decoded data + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if s is null + * @since 1.4 + */ + public static byte[] decode( String s, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { + + if( s == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Input string was null." ); + } // end if + + byte[] bytes; + try { + bytes = s.getBytes( PREFERRED_ENCODING ); + } // end try + catch( java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uee ) { + bytes = s.getBytes(); + } // end catch + // + + // Decode + bytes = decode( bytes, 0, bytes.length, options ); + + // Check to see if it's gzip-compressed + // GZIP Magic Two-Byte Number: 0x8b1f (35615) + boolean dontGunzip = (options & DONT_GUNZIP) != 0; + if( (bytes != null) && (bytes.length >= 4) && (!dontGunzip) ) { + + int head = ((int)bytes[0] & 0xff) | ((bytes[1] << 8) & 0xff00); + if( java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream.GZIP_MAGIC == head ) { + java.io.ByteArrayInputStream bais = null; + java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream gzis = null; + java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; + byte[] buffer = new byte[2048]; + int length = 0; + + try { + baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream(); + bais = new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream( bytes ); + gzis = new java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream( bais ); + + while( ( length = gzis.read( buffer ) ) >= 0 ) { + baos.write(buffer,0,length); + } // end while: reading input + + // No error? Get new bytes. + bytes = baos.toByteArray(); + + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + e.printStackTrace(); + // Just return originally-decoded bytes + } // end catch + finally { + try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + try{ gzis.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + try{ bais.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + } // end finally + + } // end if: gzipped + } // end if: bytes.length >= 2 + + return bytes; + } // end decode + + + + /** + * Attempts to decode Base64 data and deserialize a Java + * Object within. Returns null if there was an error. + * + * @param encodedObject The Base64 data to decode + * @return The decoded and deserialized object + * @throws NullPointerException if encodedObject is null + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is a general error + * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the decoded object is of a + * class that cannot be found by the JVM + * @since 1.5 + */ + public static Object decodeToObject( String encodedObject ) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + return decodeToObject(encodedObject,NO_OPTIONS,null); + } + + + /** + * Attempts to decode Base64 data and deserialize a Java + * Object within. Returns null if there was an error. + * If loader is not null, it will be the class loader + * used when deserializing. + * + * @param encodedObject The Base64 data to decode + * @param options Various parameters related to decoding + * @param loader Optional class loader to use in deserializing classes. + * @return The decoded and deserialized object + * @throws NullPointerException if encodedObject is null + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is a general error + * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the decoded object is of a + * class that cannot be found by the JVM + * @since 2.3.4 + */ + public static Object decodeToObject( + String encodedObject, int options, final ClassLoader loader ) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + + // Decode and gunzip if necessary + byte[] objBytes = decode( encodedObject, options ); + + java.io.ByteArrayInputStream bais = null; + java.io.ObjectInputStream ois = null; + Object obj = null; + + try { + bais = new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream( objBytes ); + + // If no custom class loader is provided, use Java's builtin OIS. + if( loader == null ){ + ois = new java.io.ObjectInputStream( bais ); + } // end if: no loader provided + + // Else make a customized object input stream that uses + // the provided class loader. + else { + ois = new java.io.ObjectInputStream(bais){ + @Override + public Class resolveClass(java.io.ObjectStreamClass streamClass) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + Class c = Class.forName(streamClass.getName(), false, loader); + if( c == null ){ + return super.resolveClass(streamClass); + } else { + return c; // Class loader knows of this class. + } // end else: not null + } // end resolveClass + }; // end ois + } // end else: no custom class loader + + obj = ois.readObject(); + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and throw in order to execute finally{} + } // end catch + catch( ClassNotFoundException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and throw in order to execute finally{} + } // end catch + finally { + try{ bais.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + try{ ois.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + } // end finally + + return obj; + } // end decodeObject + + + + /** + * Convenience method for encoding data to a file. + * + *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * @param dataToEncode byte array of data to encode in base64 form + * @param filename Filename for saving encoded data + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @throws NullPointerException if dataToEncode is null + * @since 2.1 + */ + public static void encodeToFile( byte[] dataToEncode, String filename ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + if( dataToEncode == null ){ + throw new NullPointerException( "Data to encode was null." ); + } // end iff + + OutputStream bos = null; + try { + bos = new OutputStream( + new java.io.FileOutputStream( filename ), Base64.ENCODE ); + bos.write( dataToEncode ); + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and throw to execute finally{} block + } // end catch: java.io.IOException + finally { + try{ bos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + } // end finally + + } // end encodeToFile + + + /** + * Convenience method for decoding data to a file. + * + *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * @param dataToDecode Base64-encoded data as a string + * @param filename Filename for saving decoded data + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @since 2.1 + */ + public static void decodeToFile( String dataToDecode, String filename ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + OutputStream bos = null; + try{ + bos = new OutputStream( + new java.io.FileOutputStream( filename ), Base64.DECODE ); + bos.write( dataToDecode.getBytes( PREFERRED_ENCODING ) ); + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and throw to execute finally{} block + } // end catch: java.io.IOException + finally { + try{ bos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){} + } // end finally + + } // end decodeToFile + + + + + /** + * Convenience method for reading a base64-encoded + * file and decoding it. + * + *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * @param filename Filename for reading encoded data + * @return decoded byte array + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @since 2.1 + */ + public static byte[] decodeFromFile( String filename ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + byte[] decodedData = null; + InputStream bis = null; + try + { + // Set up some useful variables + java.io.File file = new java.io.File( filename ); + byte[] buffer = null; + int length = 0; + int numBytes = 0; + + // Check for size of file + if( file.length() > Integer.MAX_VALUE ) + { + throw new java.io.IOException( "File is too big for this convenience method (" + file.length() + " bytes)." ); + } // end if: file too big for int index + buffer = new byte[ (int)file.length() ]; + + // Open a stream + bis = new InputStream( + new java.io.BufferedInputStream( + new java.io.FileInputStream( file ) ), Base64.DECODE ); + + // Read until done + while( ( numBytes = bis.read( buffer, length, 4096 ) ) >= 0 ) { + length += numBytes; + } // end while + + // Save in a variable to return + decodedData = new byte[ length ]; + System.arraycopy( buffer, 0, decodedData, 0, length ); + + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{} + } // end catch: java.io.IOException + finally { + try{ bis.close(); } catch( Exception e) {} + } // end finally + + return decodedData; + } // end decodeFromFile + + + + /** + * Convenience method for reading a binary file + * and base64-encoding it. + * + *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, + * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! + * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but + * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
+ * + * @param filename Filename for reading binary data + * @return base64-encoded string + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @since 2.1 + */ + public static String encodeFromFile( String filename ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + String encodedData = null; + InputStream bis = null; + try + { + // Set up some useful variables + java.io.File file = new java.io.File( filename ); + byte[] buffer = new byte[ Math.max((int)(file.length() * 1.4),40) ]; // Need max() for math on small files (v2.2.1) + int length = 0; + int numBytes = 0; + + // Open a stream + bis = new InputStream( + new java.io.BufferedInputStream( + new java.io.FileInputStream( file ) ), Base64.ENCODE ); + + // Read until done + while( ( numBytes = bis.read( buffer, length, 4096 ) ) >= 0 ) { + length += numBytes; + } // end while + + // Save in a variable to return + encodedData = new String( buffer, 0, length, Base64.PREFERRED_ENCODING ); + + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{} + } // end catch: java.io.IOException + finally { + try{ bis.close(); } catch( Exception e) {} + } // end finally + + return encodedData; + } // end encodeFromFile + + /** + * Reads infile and encodes it to outfile. + * + * @param infile Input file + * @param outfile Output file + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @since 2.2 + */ + public static void encodeFileToFile( String infile, String outfile ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + String encoded = Base64.encodeFromFile( infile ); + java.io.OutputStream out = null; + try{ + out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream( + new java.io.FileOutputStream( outfile ) ); + out.write( encoded.getBytes("US-ASCII") ); // Strict, 7-bit output. + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{} + } // end catch + finally { + try { out.close(); } + catch( Exception ex ){} + } // end finally + } // end encodeFileToFile + + + /** + * Reads infile and decodes it to outfile. + * + * @param infile Input file + * @param outfile Output file + * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error + * @since 2.2 + */ + public static void decodeFileToFile( String infile, String outfile ) + throws java.io.IOException { + + byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeFromFile( infile ); + java.io.OutputStream out = null; + try{ + out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream( + new java.io.FileOutputStream( outfile ) ); + out.write( decoded ); + } // end try + catch( java.io.IOException e ) { + throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{} + } // end catch + finally { + try { out.close(); } + catch( Exception ex ){} + } // end finally + } // end decodeFileToFile + + + /* ******** I N N E R C L A S S I N P U T S T R E A M ******** */ + + + + /** + * A {@link InputStream} will read data from another + * java.io.InputStream, given in the constructor, + * and encode/decode to/from Base64 notation on the fly. + * + * @see Base64 + * @since 1.3 + */ + public static class InputStream extends java.io.FilterInputStream { + + private boolean encode; // Encoding or decoding + private int position; // Current position in the buffer + private byte[] buffer; // Small buffer holding converted data + private int bufferLength; // Length of buffer (3 or 4) + private int numSigBytes; // Number of meaningful bytes in the buffer + private int lineLength; + private boolean breakLines; // Break lines at less than 80 characters + private int options; // Record options used to create the stream. + private byte[] decodabet; // Local copies to avoid extra method calls + + + /** + * Constructs a {@link InputStream} in DECODE mode. + * + * @param in the java.io.InputStream from which to read data. + * @since 1.3 + */ + public InputStream( java.io.InputStream in ) { + this( in, DECODE ); + } // end constructor + + + /** + * Constructs a {@link InputStream} in + * either ENCODE or DECODE mode. + *+ * Valid options:
+ * ENCODE or DECODE: Encode or Decode as data is read. + * DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters + * (only meaningful when encoding) + *+ *
+ * Example: new Base64.InputStream( in, Base64.DECODE )
+ *
+ *
+ * @param in the java.io.InputStream from which to read data.
+ * @param options Specified options
+ * @see Base64#ENCODE
+ * @see Base64#DECODE
+ * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+ public InputStream( java.io.InputStream in, int options ) {
+
+ super( in );
+ this.options = options; // Record for later
+ this.breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) > 0;
+ this.encode = (options & ENCODE) > 0;
+ this.bufferLength = encode ? 4 : 3;
+ this.buffer = new byte[ bufferLength ];
+ this.position = -1;
+ this.lineLength = 0;
+ this.decodabet = getDecodabet(options);
+ } // end constructor
+
+ /**
+ * Reads enough of the input stream to convert
+ * to/from Base64 and returns the next byte.
+ *
+ * @return next byte
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ @Override
+ public int read() throws java.io.IOException {
+
+ // Do we need to get data?
+ if( position < 0 ) {
+ if( encode ) {
+ byte[] b3 = new byte[3];
+ int numBinaryBytes = 0;
+ for( int i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) {
+ int b = in.read();
+
+ // If end of stream, b is -1.
+ if( b >= 0 ) {
+ b3[i] = (byte)b;
+ numBinaryBytes++;
+ } else {
+ break; // out of for loop
+ } // end else: end of stream
+
+ } // end for: each needed input byte
+
+ if( numBinaryBytes > 0 ) {
+ encode3to4( b3, 0, numBinaryBytes, buffer, 0, options );
+ position = 0;
+ numSigBytes = 4;
+ } // end if: got data
+ else {
+ return -1; // Must be end of stream
+ } // end else
+ } // end if: encoding
+
+ // Else decoding
+ else {
+ byte[] b4 = new byte[4];
+ int i = 0;
+ for( i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) {
+ // Read four "meaningful" bytes:
+ int b = 0;
+ do{ b = in.read(); }
+ while( b >= 0 && decodabet[ b & 0x7f ] <= WHITE_SPACE_ENC );
+
+ if( b < 0 ) {
+ break; // Reads a -1 if end of stream
+ } // end if: end of stream
+
+ b4[i] = (byte)b;
+ } // end for: each needed input byte
+
+ if( i == 4 ) {
+ numSigBytes = decode4to3( b4, 0, buffer, 0, options );
+ position = 0;
+ } // end if: got four characters
+ else if( i == 0 ){
+ return -1;
+ } // end else if: also padded correctly
+ else {
+ // Must have broken out from above.
+ throw new java.io.IOException( "Improperly padded Base64 input." );
+ } // end
+
+ } // end else: decode
+ } // end else: get data
+
+ // Got data?
+ if( position >= 0 ) {
+ // End of relevant data?
+ if( /*!encode &&*/ position >= numSigBytes ){
+ return -1;
+ } // end if: got data
+
+ if( encode && breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) {
+ lineLength = 0;
+ return '\n';
+ } // end if
+ else {
+ lineLength++; // This isn't important when decoding
+ // but throwing an extra "if" seems
+ // just as wasteful.
+
+ int b = buffer[ position++ ];
+
+ if( position >= bufferLength ) {
+ position = -1;
+ } // end if: end
+
+ return b & 0xFF; // This is how you "cast" a byte that's
+ // intended to be unsigned.
+ } // end else
+ } // end if: position >= 0
+
+ // Else error
+ else {
+ throw new java.io.IOException( "Error in Base64 code reading stream." );
+ } // end else
+ } // end read
+
+
+ /**
+ * Calls {@link #read()} repeatedly until the end of stream
+ * is reached or len bytes are read.
+ * Returns number of bytes read into array or -1 if
+ * end of stream is encountered.
+ *
+ * @param dest array to hold values
+ * @param off offset for array
+ * @param len max number of bytes to read into array
+ * @return bytes read into array or -1 if end of stream is encountered.
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ @Override
+ public int read( byte[] dest, int off, int len )
+ throws java.io.IOException {
+ int i;
+ int b;
+ for( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
+ b = read();
+
+ if( b >= 0 ) {
+ dest[off + i] = (byte) b;
+ }
+ else if( i == 0 ) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ else {
+ break; // Out of 'for' loop
+ } // Out of 'for' loop
+ } // end for: each byte read
+ return i;
+ } // end read
+
+ } // end inner class InputStream
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ /* ******** I N N E R C L A S S O U T P U T S T R E A M ******** */
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * A {@link OutputStream} will write data to another
+ * java.io.OutputStream, given in the constructor,
+ * and encode/decode to/from Base64 notation on the fly.
+ *
+ * @see Base64
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ public static class OutputStream extends java.io.FilterOutputStream {
+
+ private boolean encode;
+ private int position;
+ private byte[] buffer;
+ private int bufferLength;
+ private int lineLength;
+ private boolean breakLines;
+ private byte[] b4; // Scratch used in a few places
+ private boolean suspendEncoding;
+ private int options; // Record for later
+ private byte[] decodabet; // Local copies to avoid extra method calls
+
+ /**
+ * Constructs a {@link OutputStream} in ENCODE mode.
+ *
+ * @param out the java.io.OutputStream to which data will be written.
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ public OutputStream( java.io.OutputStream out ) {
+ this( out, ENCODE );
+ } // end constructor
+
+
+ /**
+ * Constructs a {@link OutputStream} in
+ * either ENCODE or DECODE mode.
+ *
+ * Valid options:
+ * ENCODE or DECODE: Encode or Decode as data is read. + * DO_BREAK_LINES: don't break lines at 76 characters + * (only meaningful when encoding) + *+ *
+ * Example: new Base64.OutputStream( out, Base64.ENCODE )
+ *
+ * @param out the java.io.OutputStream to which data will be written.
+ * @param options Specified options.
+ * @see Base64#ENCODE
+ * @see Base64#DECODE
+ * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ public OutputStream( java.io.OutputStream out, int options ) {
+ super( out );
+ this.breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) != 0;
+ this.encode = (options & ENCODE) != 0;
+ this.bufferLength = encode ? 3 : 4;
+ this.buffer = new byte[ bufferLength ];
+ this.position = 0;
+ this.lineLength = 0;
+ this.suspendEncoding = false;
+ this.b4 = new byte[4];
+ this.options = options;
+ this.decodabet = getDecodabet(options);
+ } // end constructor
+
+
+ /**
+ * Writes the byte to the output stream after
+ * converting to/from Base64 notation.
+ * When encoding, bytes are buffered three
+ * at a time before the output stream actually
+ * gets a write() call.
+ * When decoding, bytes are buffered four
+ * at a time.
+ *
+ * @param theByte the byte to write
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ @Override
+ public void write(int theByte)
+ throws java.io.IOException {
+ // Encoding suspended?
+ if( suspendEncoding ) {
+ this.out.write( theByte );
+ return;
+ } // end if: supsended
+
+ // Encode?
+ if( encode ) {
+ buffer[ position++ ] = (byte)theByte;
+ if( position >= bufferLength ) { // Enough to encode.
+
+ this.out.write( encode3to4( b4, buffer, bufferLength, options ) );
+
+ lineLength += 4;
+ if( breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) {
+ this.out.write( NEW_LINE );
+ lineLength = 0;
+ } // end if: end of line
+
+ position = 0;
+ } // end if: enough to output
+ } // end if: encoding
+
+ // Else, Decoding
+ else {
+ // Meaningful Base64 character?
+ if( decodabet[ theByte & 0x7f ] > WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) {
+ buffer[ position++ ] = (byte)theByte;
+ if( position >= bufferLength ) { // Enough to output.
+
+ int len = Base64.decode4to3( buffer, 0, b4, 0, options );
+ out.write( b4, 0, len );
+ position = 0;
+ } // end if: enough to output
+ } // end if: meaningful base64 character
+ else if( decodabet[ theByte & 0x7f ] != WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) {
+ throw new java.io.IOException( "Invalid character in Base64 data." );
+ } // end else: not white space either
+ } // end else: decoding
+ } // end write
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Calls {@link #write(int)} repeatedly until len
+ * bytes are written.
+ *
+ * @param theBytes array from which to read bytes
+ * @param off offset for array
+ * @param len max number of bytes to read into array
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ @Override
+ public void write( byte[] theBytes, int off, int len )
+ throws java.io.IOException {
+ // Encoding suspended?
+ if( suspendEncoding ) {
+ this.out.write( theBytes, off, len );
+ return;
+ } // end if: supsended
+
+ for( int i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
+ write( theBytes[ off + i ] );
+ } // end for: each byte written
+
+ } // end write
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Method added by PHIL. [Thanks, PHIL. -Rob]
+ * This pads the buffer without closing the stream.
+ * @throws java.io.IOException if there's an error.
+ */
+ public void flushBase64() throws java.io.IOException {
+ if( position > 0 ) {
+ if( encode ) {
+ out.write( encode3to4( b4, buffer, position, options ) );
+ position = 0;
+ } // end if: encoding
+ else {
+ throw new java.io.IOException( "Base64 input not properly padded." );
+ } // end else: decoding
+ } // end if: buffer partially full
+
+ } // end flush
+
+
+ /**
+ * Flushes and closes (I think, in the superclass) the stream.
+ *
+ * @since 1.3
+ */
+ @Override
+ public void close() throws java.io.IOException {
+ // 1. Ensure that pending characters are written
+ flushBase64();
+
+ // 2. Actually close the stream
+ // Base class both flushes and closes.
+ super.close();
+
+ buffer = null;
+ out = null;
+ } // end close
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Suspends encoding of the stream.
+ * May be helpful if you need to embed a piece of
+ * base64-encoded data in a stream.
+ *
+ * @throws java.io.IOException if there's an error flushing
+ * @since 1.5.1
+ */
+ public void suspendEncoding() throws java.io.IOException {
+ flushBase64();
+ this.suspendEncoding = true;
+ } // end suspendEncoding
+
+
+ /**
+ * Resumes encoding of the stream.
+ * May be helpful if you need to embed a piece of
+ * base64-encoded data in a stream.
+ *
+ * @since 1.5.1
+ */
+ public void resumeEncoding() {
+ this.suspendEncoding = false;
+ } // end resumeEncoding
+
+
+
+ } // end inner class OutputStream
+
+
+} // end class Base64
diff --git a/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/ContentLengthInputStream.java b/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/ContentLengthInputStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1a428c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/ContentLengthInputStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package org.whispersystems.signalservice.internal.util;
+
+
+import java.io.FilterInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+public class ContentLengthInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
+
+ private long bytesRemaining;
+
+ public ContentLengthInputStream(InputStream inputStream, long contentLength) {
+ super(inputStream);
+ this.bytesRemaining = contentLength;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public int read() throws IOException {
+ if (bytesRemaining == 0) return -1;
+ int result = super.read();
+ bytesRemaining--;
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public int read(byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
+ return read(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public int read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
+ if (bytesRemaining == 0) return -1;
+
+ int result = super.read(buffer, offset, Math.min(length, Util.toIntExact(bytesRemaining)));
+
+ bytesRemaining -= result;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+}
diff --git a/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/Util.java b/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/Util.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cce2e0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/messaging/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/signalservice/internal/util/Util.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Open Whisper Systems
+ *
+ * Licensed according to the LICENSE file in this repository.
+ */
+
+package org.whispersystems.signalservice.internal.util;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+
+public class Util {
+
+ public static byte[][] split(byte[] input, int firstLength, int secondLength) {
+ byte[][] parts = new byte[2][];
+
+ parts[0] = new byte[firstLength];
+ System.arraycopy(input, 0, parts[0], 0, firstLength);
+
+ parts[1] = new byte[secondLength];
+ System.arraycopy(input, firstLength, parts[1], 0, secondLength);
+
+ return parts;
+ }
+
+ public static byte[] getSecretBytes(int size) {
+ byte[] secret = new byte[size];
+ new SecureRandom().nextBytes(secret);
+ return secret;
+ }
+
+ public static void readFully(InputStream in, byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
+ int offset = 0;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ int read = in.read(buffer, offset, buffer.length - offset);
+
+ if (read + offset < buffer.length) offset += read;
+ else return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ public static long copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
+ long copied = 0;
+ byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
+ int read;
+
+ while ((read = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
+ copied += read;
+ out.write(buffer, 0, read);
+ }
+
+ in.close();
+ out.close();
+ return copied;
+ }
+
+ public static boolean streamsEqual(InputStream a, InputStream b) throws IOException {
+ byte[] bufferA = new byte[4096];
+ byte[] bufferB = new byte[4096];
+ int readA;
+ int readB;
+
+ try {
+ while (true) {
+ readA = a.read(bufferA);
+ readB = b.read(bufferB);
+ if (readA != readB) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (readA == -1) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ for (int i=0; i