Ethereum community proposals to scale, background on scaling in the tech industry, scaling in theory.
Why I love databases by Jeeyoung Kim
How sharding works by Jeeyoung Kim
Making Sense of Ethereum’s Layer 2 Scaling Solutions: State Channels, Plasma, and Truebit
Scaling Ethereum in 2018 (video), a presentation by Lane Rettig
Naive to tackle distributed systems and incentive mechanism design separately tweet by Vlad Zamfir
SoK: Consensus in the Age of Blockchains (PDF)
Scalability of Blockchains Summary of Knowledge - Mechanism Labs paper under development
A rollup-centric ethereum roadmap by Vitalik Buterin, Oct. 2020
"the Ethereum ecosystem is likely to be all-in on rollups (plus some plasma and channels) as a scaling strategy for the near and mid-term future"
Lets shard the blockchain using sidechains by Syed Jafar Naqvi
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Network Bifurcation — separate blockchains (strategies 1–5 directly involve the Ethereum blockchain)
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Vertical partitioning — endpoints for txn queues, relays,“JSON-RPC APIs”
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Software optimization — bigger block sizes
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Network topology optimization
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Horizontal partitioning via algorithmic sharding — plasmas, state channels, “Layer 2”
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Horizontal partitioning via dynamic sharding — “Ethereum Sharding”
From 5 Strategies to Scale Ethereum by Jamie Pitts
Spreadsheet summary of scaling solutions - organized by the Web3 Foundation / ScalingNOW initiative
- ZK Rollups
- Loopring
- Overview
- 2020 Roadmap
- Deployed system is Loopring itself
- ZK Rollups
- StarkEx Website
- Deployed systems: DeversiFi
- ZK Rollups
- zkSync
- Documentation
- Overview
- Deployed systems: zkSync Wallet
- Plasma L2 w/ an EVM
- SKALE
- Why SKALE? - Overview
- Deployed systems:
- Plasma L2 w/ an EVM
- Matic Network
- Matic 2019 Year In Review
- Deployed systems: Quickswap
- State Channels
- Description of the developer preview
- Overview
- FAQ
- State Channels
- Counterfactual Network
- Overview
- Introducing the Force-Move Games Framework - collaboration with Magmo
- Side Chain w/ an EVM
- POA Network
- Overview
- ScalingNOW! Interview 2: on Implementing Parity’s Bridge Chain Solution - with Igor & Roman from POA Network
- Deployed systems: xDAI Chain, Burner Wallet
- L1 w/ bridge to Ethereum mainnet
- Website
- Ethermint - under active development by ChainSafe
- Introducing the Ethereum Peg Zone
- The Shanghai Accord - Ethereum Scaling Agreement
- L1 w/ bridge to Ethereum mainnet
- An Introduction to Polkadot
- Website
- Polkadot Paper(PDF)
- Now Live: Polkadot POC
Not ready for use w/ mainnet Ethereum dapps, but getting closer.
- Phase 0 is the Beacon chain, used for protocol attestations
- Will be useful because it can support solutions based on Optimistic Rollups
- Phase 0 Specification and Implementations
- Optimistic Rollups w/ EVM
- Optimism
- OVM deep-dive
- ZK Rollups
- Hermez
- White Paper
- Optimistic Rollups
- Fuel Labs
- Overview of beta / testnet
- ZK Rollups w/ privacy
- Aztec
- Overview of Aztec 2.0
- Optimistic Rollups
- Project Repo
- Overview / design principles
- OVM over Plasma Cashflow
- Cryptoeconomics Lab's Plasma Chamber
- Overview and Documentation
- OVM on Substrate / Polkadot
- Project Repo
- White Paper
- Note: Phase 0 is specified, viable clients are built, and the network will be launching in the near future
- Phase 1 shards and Phase 2 execution engines
- An engineer's guide to 2.0 by James Prestwich
- How sharding works
- How to Scale Ethereum: Sharding Explained
- FAQ
- Overview and Finality by Hsiao-Wei Wang
- "standard" state channels
- Nitro Protocol
- Documentation
- Filecoin WP - July 19, 2017 @ Section 7.1 "Contracts in Filecoin"
- Filecoin: protocol overview - BPASE '18 @ 21:57
- EthResearch is where discussions about scaling Ethereum generally happen
- Summary: The Dawn of Hybrid Layer 2 Protocols - by Vitalik Buterin
Optimistic Rollups
- Minimal Viable Merged Consensus - by John Adler and Mikerah Quintyne-Collins
- The Whys of Optimistic Rollup
ZK-Rollups
- On-chain scaling to potentially ~500 tx/sec through mass tx validation - by Vitalik Buterin
- barryWhiteHat's roll_up
- Plasma snapp - fully verified plasma chain
- Perun Network
- PERUN: Virtual Payment Hubs over Cryptographic Currencies (PDF)
- Foundations of State Channel Networks (PDF)
Connect / Spacefold team submission
- A set of NFTs represents verifiable EVM state transitions, enabling the EVM to "leap" into Plasma
- Plasma Leap white paper
- Documentation
- Announcement of reorientation - moving toward ORUs and ZK-rollups
- SNARKs-driven Plasma
- Matter Labs
- Introducing Matter testnet
- Announcement of reorientation - moved toward ZK-rollups
- generalized framework for all Plasma types
- Documentation
- Announcement of reorientation - moved toward ORUs, group is re-named to Optimism
Recently not enough information, GitHub updates, etc. to determine status
- Website
- Thunderella paper by Elaine Shi and Rafael Pass
- PAXOS algorithm
- "Looks like the Loom Network has thrown in the towel" - 5/20/2020 CoinTelegraph article
- "We haven't gone anywhere, and the chain is still operational." - 5/20/2020 Tweet from @LoomNetwork
- Loom Network
- Overview
- Loom.js - for building browser apps & services that interact with Loom DAppChains
- An Introduction to TrueBit
- Truebit: A scalable verification solution for blockchains (PDF)
- TrueBit: the marketplace for verifiable computation by Sina Habibian
- ScalingNOW! Interview 1: Bridge Chains - with Björn Wagner & Maximilian Krüger from Parity
- SCLabs ERC-20 -> ERC-777 token bridge
- G-Bridge Documentation