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Paleo-reef reconstructions.html
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Paleo-reef reconstructions.html
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---
layout: default_style
permalink: /Paleo-reefreconstructions
published: true
---
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="services-header">
<h2 align="center" class="services-header-title">Paleo-reef reconstructions</h2><hr>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<b>Menu:</b>
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<h3 class="lead"id="anchor1">The need for paleo-ecological studies</h3><hr>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<p align="justify">
Reefs are increasingly impacted by ongoing anthropogenically-caused climate change & the intensifying local human pressures that jeopardize
the ability of coral reefs to persist in the near future. However, changes in coral ecosystems have predated human underwater investigations.
Fortunately, fossil reefs & the calcified remains within, are unique witnesses of the past, holding important physical, biological & chemical
information. Studying these remains, in particular fossilized corals, allows scientists to reconstruct the functioning of the coral ecosystems
prior to any anthropogenic exploitation. The scientific community critically needs these pieces of past knowledge to adequately preserve reef
functioning & ultimately ensure the survival of this crucial ecosystem.
<br>
</p>
<img src="../assets/img/Paleo/IMG_0066.JPG" width="100%">
<h8><i>Exploring river banks for fossilized marine remains</i></h8>
<br>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<img src="../assets/img/Paleo/IMG_0549.JPG" width="100%">
<h8><i>Dr. Lin & myself looking at a fossil reef along the coastline of Kenting National Park (KNP, southern Taiwan)</i><br></h8>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<h3 class="lead"id="anchor1">Kenting National Park (KNP) paleo-reef descriptions</h3><hr>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<p align="justify">
Numerous outcrops of well-preserved Holocene reefs can be observed along the coastlines of KNP. These outcrops provide perfect survey sites for us to reconstruct
the past diversity & global structure of Taiwanese reefs thousands of years before the Anthropocene era. At certain locations, these outcrops can be over 3 m tall
& more than 5 m wide without discontinuity or obstruction, where past reef materials can be accessed with minimal cost. On the other hand, fossilized materials from
these outcrops are exposed to weathering, making them unlikely to be ideal candidates for isotopic measurements & subsequent paleo-climate reconstructions. Such
studies will most likely require drillings of less exposed sections of the paleo-reefs, which could be found a few meters inland from these exposed outcrops.
<br>
<br>
Four outcrops in two locations on the western side of KNP have already been selected as targeted study sites for this project.
A Structure from Motion (SfM) model for one of the selected outcrops has already been built (a preview video of this model is available on the right).
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<iframe width="525" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/wspipSnlngU" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope" allowfullscreen></iframe> <br>
<h8><i>3D model of a fossil reef outcrop in KNP, using Structure from Motion (SfM) method</i><br></h8>
<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<h3 class="lead"id="anchor1">Late Miocene <i>Dendrophyllia</i> fossils in North Taiwan</h3><hr>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<p align="justify">
During field investigations along the Dahan river bed in Shulin district (樹林), numerous small & fragile scleractinian fossils were found & identified as <i>Dendrophyllia</i> sp. <a href="http://tao.cgu.org.tw/index.php/articles/archive/geology/item/1792" target="_blank">(Ribas-Deulofeu et al. 2021)</a>.
The fossils were collected from the lowest part of the Late Miocene Tapu Formation. The absolute age of the boundary between the Tapu Formation and the underlying Nanchuang Formation is 8 Ma, providing indications of the maximum age possible for the found <i>Dendrophyllia</i> fossils.
The marine ecosystem in which the sampled specimens grew was probably a turbid shallow coastal environment with muddy to sandy bottom, likely at the vicinity of a river estuary, as suggested by the combined presence of numerous Ariidae and Sciaenidae otoliths.
To our knowledge, these are the first record of <i>Dendrophyllia</i> fossils from Taiwan.
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-6">
<iframe width="525" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dbnTry0kEes" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> <br>
<h8><i> Supplementary figure from <a href="http://tao.cgu.org.tw/index.php/articles/archive/geology/item/1792" target="_blank">Ribas-Deulofeu et al. 2021</a>. 3D model of <i>Dendrophyllia</i> specimen ASIZF0100147 (h= ~1.3 cm, w= 1 cm)</i></h8>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<h3 class="lead"id="anchor1">Fossil description from boreholes: Consulting for Pr. Le Béon (National Central University, Taiwan)</h3><hr>
<p align="justify">
Recently, Pr. Le Béon from the National Central University (Taiwan) contacted me to consult on some boreholes
from Southern Taiwan.
<h8 id="floatright" align="right"><i> Porites sections from Gunshuiping</i></h8> <br>
Pr. Le Béon's team works on active tectonics with a particular focus on seismic hazard &
fault displacement assessment.
<img id="floatright" src="../assets/img/Paleo/20220926_142831.jpg" width="22%">
In the boreholes obtained near a mud volcano in Gunshuiping (滾水坪, Qiaotou district),
Pr. Le Béon's team found fossil reef sequences from 16 m to 44 m deep. These layers contain numerous fragments of corals,
including <i>Acroporidae</i>, <i>Fungiidae</i> & <i>Merulinidae</i>. The sequences also include large <i>Porites</i> & a
few other coral pieces exceeding 30 cm in length (up to > 1 m).
A dozen of coral fragments have already been selected along the core sequences for U/Th dating. In addition, two
<i>Porites</i> (50 cm & 30 cm long) were sliced to test their suitability for isotopic studies (collaboration with
Pr. Huang & Pr. Liu, Academia Sinica).
</p>
<img src="../assets/img/Paleo/20220824_170557.jpg" width="71%"> <br>
<h8><i> Gunshuiping cores (32-36 m deep)</i></h8>
</div>
</div>
<br>
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<div class="square pull-left">
<img src="../assets/ico/Logo mixte reef3.png" width="90">
<a href="/projects.html">Project page</a>
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