diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index eda6b02..4e68cb7 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
       "version": "2.0.0",
       "license": "ISC",
       "dependencies": {
-        "tinyqueue": "^2.0.3"
+        "tinyqueue": "^3.0.0"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
-        "eslint": "^9.5.0",
-        "eslint-config-mourner": "^4.0.0"
+        "eslint": "^9.6.0",
+        "eslint-config-mourner": "^4.0.1"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@eslint-community/eslint-utils": {
@@ -56,15 +56,15 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@eslint/config-array": {
-      "version": "0.16.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.16.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-/jmuSd74i4Czf1XXn7wGRWZCuyaUZ330NH1Bek0Pplatt4Sy1S5haN21SCLLdbeKslQ+S0wEJ+++v5YibSi+Lg==",
+      "version": "0.17.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.17.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-A68TBu6/1mHHuc5YJL0U0VVeGNiklLAL6rRmhTCP2B5XjWLMnrX+HkO+IAXyHvks5cyyY1jjK5ITPQ1HGS2EVA==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@eslint/object-schema": "^2.1.4",
         "debug": "^4.3.1",
-        "minimatch": "^3.0.5"
+        "minimatch": "^3.1.2"
       },
       "engines": {
         "node": "^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0"
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@eslint/js": {
-      "version": "9.5.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@eslint/js/-/js-9.5.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-A7+AOT2ICkodvtsWnxZP4Xxk3NbZ3VMHd8oihydLRGrJgqqdEz1qSeEgXYyT/Cu8h1TWWsQRejIx48mtjZ5y1w==",
+      "version": "9.6.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@eslint/js/-/js-9.6.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-D9B0/3vNg44ZeWbYMpBoXqNP4j6eQD5vNwIlGAuFRRzK/WtT/jvDQW3Bi9kkf3PMDMlM7Yi+73VLUsn5bJcl8A==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "engines": {
@@ -423,17 +423,17 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/eslint": {
-      "version": "9.5.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/eslint/-/eslint-9.5.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-+NAOZFrW/jFTS3dASCGBxX1pkFD0/fsO+hfAkJ4TyYKwgsXZbqzrw+seCYFCcPCYXvnD67tAnglU7GQTz6kcVw==",
+      "version": "9.6.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/eslint/-/eslint-9.6.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ElQkdLMEEqQNM9Njff+2Y4q2afHk7JpkPvrd7Xh7xefwgQynqPxwf55J7di9+MEibWUGdNjFF9ITG9Pck5M84w==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@eslint-community/eslint-utils": "^4.2.0",
         "@eslint-community/regexpp": "^4.6.1",
-        "@eslint/config-array": "^0.16.0",
+        "@eslint/config-array": "^0.17.0",
         "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.1.0",
-        "@eslint/js": "9.5.0",
+        "@eslint/js": "9.6.0",
         "@humanwhocodes/module-importer": "^1.0.1",
         "@humanwhocodes/retry": "^0.3.0",
         "@nodelib/fs.walk": "^1.2.8",
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
         "escape-string-regexp": "^4.0.0",
         "eslint-scope": "^8.0.1",
         "eslint-visitor-keys": "^4.0.0",
-        "espree": "^10.0.1",
+        "espree": "^10.1.0",
         "esquery": "^1.5.0",
         "esutils": "^2.0.2",
         "fast-deep-equal": "^3.1.3",
@@ -475,9 +475,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/eslint-config-mourner": {
-      "version": "4.0.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/eslint-config-mourner/-/eslint-config-mourner-4.0.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-svOOXP1KFS9DZOR6hxVQVTug75a/aQQ/shc/Tlgvbszo9ypTbRta/elow54Qq6RJ7S8LwnXeuPEAcOdDWExqlg==",
+      "version": "4.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/eslint-config-mourner/-/eslint-config-mourner-4.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-seylu4qdUc7kabx42zEedJiCyRDYqwsZLFPPnMRntmOFOQv6cKoM+FqhYpLKZ5dF7A7wW6mCympQSkg6RVxGlg==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "ISC",
       "dependencies": {
@@ -1121,9 +1121,9 @@
       "license": "MIT"
     },
     "node_modules/tinyqueue": {
-      "version": "2.0.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tinyqueue/-/tinyqueue-2.0.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ppJZNDuKGgxzkHihX8v9v9G5f+18gzaTfrukGrq6ueg0lmH4nqVnA2IPG0AEH3jKEk2GRJCUhDoqpoiw3PHLBA==",
+      "version": "3.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tinyqueue/-/tinyqueue-3.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-gRa9gwYU3ECmQYv3lslts5hxuIa90veaEcxDYuu3QGOIAEM2mOZkVHp48ANJuu1CURtRdHKUBY5Lm1tHV+sD4g==",
       "license": "ISC"
     },
     "node_modules/type-check": {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 5ce11cb..49a00c4 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@
   ],
   "main": "polylabel.js",
   "type": "module",
+  "sideEffects": false,
   "dependencies": {
-    "tinyqueue": "^2.0.3"
+    "tinyqueue": "^3.0.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "eslint": "^9.5.0",
-    "eslint-config-mourner": "^4.0.0"
+    "eslint": "^9.6.0",
+    "eslint-config-mourner": "^4.0.1"
   },
   "scripts": {
     "pretest": "eslint *.js test/*.js",
diff --git a/polylabel.js b/polylabel.js
index 83d98c3..395d6b5 100644
--- a/polylabel.js
+++ b/polylabel.js
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export default function polylabel(polygon, precision = 1.0, debug = false) {
     }
 
     // a priority queue of cells in order of their "potential" (max distance to polygon)
-    const cellQueue = new Queue(undefined, (a, b) => b.max - a.max);
+    const cellQueue = new Queue([], (a, b) => b.max - a.max);
 
     // take centroid as the first best guess
     let bestCell = getCentroidCell(polygon);