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🔧 Troubleshooting

Fix bad USB3 performance

If the speed of your tested USB3 drive speed with hdparm in the Check drive performance section is not acceptable, we need to configure the USB driver to ignore the UAS interface.

  • With user admin, get the Vendor and Product ID for your USB3 drive. Run the following command and look for the name of your drive or adapter. The relevant data is printed as idVendor:idProduct (0bda:9210 in this example). Make a note of these values.
lsusb

Example of expected output:

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0bda:9210 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL9210 M.2 NVME Adapter
[...]

{% hint style="info" %} The additional configuration parameters (called “quirks”) for the USB driver must be passed to the Linux kernel during the boot process {% endhint %}

  • Open the bootloader configuration file
sudo nano /boot/firmware/cmdline.txt
  • At the start of the line of parameters, add the text usb-storage.quirks=aaaa:bbbb:u where aaaa:bbbb are the values you noted in the lsusb command above. Make sure that there is a single space character ( ) between our addition and the next parameter. Save and exit.
usb-storage.quirks=0bda:9210:u ..............

{% hint style="info" %} If you have multiple drives that need these “quirks”, add them all to the single directive, separated by commas

usb-storage.quirks=0bda:9210:u,152d:0578:u ..............

{% endhint %}

  • Reboot your node
sudo reboot
  • Log in again as admin and test the USB3 drive performance again
sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/sda

{% hint style="info" %} You should see a significant increase in performance (+200MB/s). If the test still shows a very slow read speed, your drive or USB3 adapter might not be compatible with the Raspberry Pi. In that case, we recommend visiting the Raspberry Pi Troubleshooting forum or simply trying out hardware alternatives {% endhint %}

{% hint style="info" %} more: Raspberry Pi forum: bad performance with USB3 SSDs {% endhint %}