Merge branch 'main' into pythongh-115999-load-attr-module

Doc/c-api/long.rst

@@ -653,3 +653,177 @@ distinguished from a number.  Use :c:func:`PyErr_Occurred` to disambiguate.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.12
 
+
+Export API
+^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. versionadded:: next
+
+.. c:struct:: PyLongLayout
+
+   Layout of an array of "digits" ("limbs" in the GMP terminology), used to
+   represent absolute value for arbitrary precision integers.
+
+   Use :c:func:`PyLong_GetNativeLayout` to get the native layout of Python
+   :class:`int` objects, used internally for integers with "big enough"
+   absolute value.
+
+   See also :data:`sys.int_info` which exposes similar information in Python.
+
+   .. c:member:: uint8_t bits_per_digit
+
+      Bits per digit. For example, a 15 bit digit means that bits 0-14 contain
+      meaningful information.
+
+   .. c:member:: uint8_t digit_size
+
+      Digit size in bytes. For example, a 15 bit digit will require at least 2
+      bytes.
+
+   .. c:member:: int8_t digits_order
+
+      Digits order:
+
+      - ``1`` for most significant digit first
+      - ``-1`` for least significant digit first
+
+   .. c:member:: int8_t digit_endianness
+
+      Digit endianness:
+
+      - ``1`` for most significant byte first (big endian)
+      - ``-1`` for least significant byte first (little endian)
+
+
+.. c:function:: const PyLongLayout* PyLong_GetNativeLayout(void)
+
+   Get the native layout of Python :class:`int` objects.
+
+   See the :c:struct:`PyLongLayout` structure.
+
+   The function must not be called before Python initialization nor after
+   Python finalization. The returned layout is valid until Python is
+   finalized. The layout is the same for all Python sub-interpreters
+   in a process, and so it can be cached.
+
+
+.. c:struct:: PyLongExport
+
+   Export of a Python :class:`int` object.
+
+   There are two cases:
+
+   * If :c:member:`digits` is ``NULL``, only use the :c:member:`value` member.
+   * If :c:member:`digits` is not ``NULL``, use :c:member:`negative`,
+     :c:member:`ndigits` and :c:member:`digits` members.
+
+   .. c:member:: int64_t value
+
+      The native integer value of the exported :class:`int` object.
+      Only valid if :c:member:`digits` is ``NULL``.
+
+   .. c:member:: uint8_t negative
+
+      ``1`` if the number is negative, ``0`` otherwise.
+      Only valid if :c:member:`digits` is not ``NULL``.
+
+   .. c:member:: Py_ssize_t ndigits
+
+      Number of digits in :c:member:`digits` array.
+      Only valid if :c:member:`digits` is not ``NULL``.
+
+   .. c:member:: const void *digits
+
+      Read-only array of unsigned digits. Can be ``NULL``.
+
+
+.. c:function:: int PyLong_Export(PyObject *obj, PyLongExport *export_long)
+
+   Export a Python :class:`int` object.
+
+   *export_long* must point to a :c:struct:`PyLongExport` structure allocated
+   by the caller. It must not be ``NULL``.
+
+   On success, fill in *\*export_long* and return ``0``.
+   On error, set an exception and return ``-1``.
+
+   :c:func:`PyLong_FreeExport` must be called when the export is no longer
+   needed.
+
+    .. impl-detail::
+        This function always succeeds if *obj* is a Python :class:`int` object
+        or a subclass.
+
+
+.. c:function:: void PyLong_FreeExport(PyLongExport *export_long)
+
+   Release the export *export_long* created by :c:func:`PyLong_Export`.
+
+   .. impl-detail::
+      Calling :c:func:`PyLong_FreeExport` is optional if *export_long->digits*
+      is ``NULL``.
+
+
+PyLongWriter API
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The :c:type:`PyLongWriter` API can be used to import an integer.
+
+.. versionadded:: next
+
+.. c:struct:: PyLongWriter
+
+   A Python :class:`int` writer instance.
+
+   The instance must be destroyed by :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Finish` or
+   :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Discard`.
+
+
+.. c:function:: PyLongWriter* PyLongWriter_Create(int negative, Py_ssize_t ndigits, void **digits)
+
+   Create a :c:type:`PyLongWriter`.
+
+   On success, allocate *\*digits* and return a writer.
+   On error, set an exception and return ``NULL``.
+
+   *negative* is ``1`` if the number is negative, or ``0`` otherwise.
+
+   *ndigits* is the number of digits in the *digits* array. It must be
+   greater than 0.
+
+   *digits* must not be NULL.
+
+   After a successful call to this function, the caller should fill in the
+   array of digits *digits* and then call :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Finish` to get
+   a Python :class:`int`.
+   The layout of *digits* is described by :c:func:`PyLong_GetNativeLayout`.
+
+   Digits must be in the range [``0``; ``(1 << bits_per_digit) - 1``]
+   (where the :c:struct:`~PyLongLayout.bits_per_digit` is the number of bits
+   per digit).
+   Any unused most significant digits must be set to ``0``.
+
+   Alternately, call :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Discard` to destroy the writer
+   instance without creating an :class:`~int` object.
+
+
+.. c:function:: PyObject* PyLongWriter_Finish(PyLongWriter *writer)
+
+   Finish a :c:type:`PyLongWriter` created by :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Create`.
+
+   On success, return a Python :class:`int` object.
+   On error, set an exception and return ``NULL``.
+
+   The function takes care of normalizing the digits and converts the object
+   to a compact integer if needed.
+
+   The writer instance and the *digits* array are invalid after the call.
+
+
+.. c:function:: void PyLongWriter_Discard(PyLongWriter *writer)
+
+   Discard a :c:type:`PyLongWriter` created by :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Create`.
+
+   *writer* must not be ``NULL``.
+
+   The writer instance and the *digits* array are invalid after the call.

Doc/c-api/object.rst

@@ -509,6 +509,12 @@ Object Protocol
    iterated.
 
 
+.. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_SelfIter(PyObject *obj)
+
+   This is equivalent to the Python ``__iter__(self): return self`` method.
+   It is intended for :term:`iterator` types, to be used in the :c:member:`PyTypeObject.tp_iter` slot.
+
+
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_GetAIter(PyObject *o)
 
    This is the equivalent to the Python expression ``aiter(o)``. Takes an

Doc/data/refcounts.dat

@@ -1299,6 +1299,13 @@ PyLong_GetSign:int:::
 PyLong_GetSign:PyObject*:v:0:
 PyLong_GetSign:int*:sign::
 
+PyLong_Export:int:::
+PyLong_Export:PyObject*:obj:0:
+PyLong_Export:PyLongExport*:export_long::
+
+PyLongWriter_Finish:PyObject*::+1:
+PyLongWriter_Finish:PyLongWriter*:writer::
+
 PyMapping_Check:int:::
 PyMapping_Check:PyObject*:o:0:
 
@@ -1849,6 +1856,9 @@ PyObject_RichCompareBool:PyObject*:o1:0:
 PyObject_RichCompareBool:PyObject*:o2:0:
 PyObject_RichCompareBool:int:opid::
 
+PyObject_SelfIter:PyObject*::+1:
+PyObject_SelfIter:PyObject*:obj:0:
+
 PyObject_SetAttr:int:::
 PyObject_SetAttr:PyObject*:o:0:
 PyObject_SetAttr:PyObject*:attr_name:0:

Doc/library/http.cookies.rst

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Cookie Objects
 .. method:: BaseCookie.output(attrs=None, header='Set-Cookie:', sep='\r\n')
 
    Return a string representation suitable to be sent as HTTP headers. *attrs* and
-   *header* are sent to each :class:`Morsel`'s :meth:`output` method. *sep* is used
+   *header* are sent to each :class:`Morsel`'s :meth:`~Morsel.output` method. *sep* is used
    to join the headers together, and is by default the combination ``'\r\n'``
    (CRLF).
 

Doc/library/traceback.rst

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ Module-Level Functions
 :class:`!TracebackException` objects are created from actual exceptions to
 capture data for later printing.  They offer a more lightweight method of
 storing this information by avoiding holding references to
-:ref:`traceback<traceback-objects>` and :ref:`frame<frame-objects>` objects
+:ref:`traceback<traceback-objects>` and :ref:`frame<frame-objects>` objects.
 In addition, they expose more options to configure the output compared to
 the module-level functions described above.
 

Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst

@@ -1018,6 +1018,17 @@ New features
 
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`107954`.)
 
+* Add a new import and export API for Python :class:`int` objects (:pep:`757`):
+
+  * :c:func:`PyLong_GetNativeLayout`;
+  * :c:func:`PyLong_Export`;
+  * :c:func:`PyLong_FreeExport`;
+  * :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Create`;
+  * :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Finish`;
+  * :c:func:`PyLongWriter_Discard`.
+
+  (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`102471`.)
+
 * Add :c:func:`PyType_GetBaseByToken` and :c:data:`Py_tp_token` slot for easier
   superclass identification, which attempts to resolve the `type checking issue
   <https://peps.python.org/pep-0630/#type-checking>`__ mentioned in :pep:`630`
@@ -1034,6 +1045,12 @@ New features
 * Add :c:func:`PyUnstable_Object_EnableDeferredRefcount` for enabling
   deferred reference counting, as outlined in :pep:`703`.
 
+* The :ref:`Unicode Exception Objects <unicodeexceptions>` C API
+  now raises a :exc:`TypeError` if its exception argument is not
+  a :exc:`UnicodeError` object.
+  (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`127691`.)
+
+
 Porting to Python 3.14
 ----------------------
 

Include/cpython/longintrepr.h

@@ -139,6 +139,44 @@ _PyLong_CompactValue(const PyLongObject *op)
 #define PyUnstable_Long_CompactValue _PyLong_CompactValue
 
 
+/* --- Import/Export API -------------------------------------------------- */
+
+typedef struct PyLongLayout {
+    uint8_t bits_per_digit;
+    uint8_t digit_size;
+    int8_t digits_order;
+    int8_t digit_endianness;
+} PyLongLayout;
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(const PyLongLayout*) PyLong_GetNativeLayout(void);
+
+typedef struct PyLongExport {
+    int64_t value;
+    uint8_t negative;
+    Py_ssize_t ndigits;
+    const void *digits;
+    // Member used internally, must not be used for other purpose.
+    Py_uintptr_t _reserved;
+} PyLongExport;
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyLong_Export(
+    PyObject *obj,
+    PyLongExport *export_long);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyLong_FreeExport(
+    PyLongExport *export_long);
+
+
+/* --- PyLongWriter API --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+typedef struct PyLongWriter PyLongWriter;
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyLongWriter*) PyLongWriter_Create(
+    int negative,
+    Py_ssize_t ndigits,
+    void **digits);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyLongWriter_Finish(PyLongWriter *writer);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyLongWriter_Discard(PyLongWriter *writer);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

Include/internal/pycore_freelist.h

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static inline int
 _PyFreeList_Push(struct _Py_freelist *fl, void *obj, Py_ssize_t maxsize)
 {
     if (fl->size < maxsize && fl->size >= 0) {
-        *(void **)obj = fl->freelist;
+        FT_ATOMIC_STORE_PTR_RELAXED(*(void **)obj, fl->freelist);
         fl->freelist = obj;
         fl->size++;
         OBJECT_STAT_INC(to_freelist);

Include/internal/pycore_freelist_state.h

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #  define Py_dicts_MAXFREELIST 80
 #  define Py_dictkeys_MAXFREELIST 80
 #  define Py_floats_MAXFREELIST 100
+#  define Py_ints_MAXFREELIST 100
 #  define Py_slices_MAXFREELIST 1
 #  define Py_contexts_MAXFREELIST 255
 #  define Py_async_gens_MAXFREELIST 80
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ struct _Py_freelist {
 
 struct _Py_freelists {
     struct _Py_freelist floats;
+    struct _Py_freelist ints;
     struct _Py_freelist tuples[PyTuple_MAXSAVESIZE];
     struct _Py_freelist lists;
     struct _Py_freelist dicts;

Include/internal/pycore_global_strings.h

@@ -618,6 +618,7 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(origin)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(out_fd)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(outgoing)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(outpath)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(overlapped)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(owner)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(pages)

Include/internal/pycore_long.h

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ extern void _PyLong_FiniTypes(PyInterpreterState *interp);
 
 /* other API */
 
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyLong_ExactDealloc(PyObject *self);
+
 #define _PyLong_SMALL_INTS _Py_SINGLETON(small_ints)
 
 // _PyLong_GetZero() and _PyLong_GetOne() must always be available

Include/internal/pycore_optimizer.h

@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ typedef struct {
     };
     uint64_t operand0;  // A cache entry
     uint64_t operand1;
+#ifdef Py_STATS
+    uint64_t execution_count;
+#endif
 } _PyUOpInstruction;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -285,6 +288,8 @@ static inline int is_terminator(const _PyUOpInstruction *uop)
     );
 }
 
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyDumpExecutors(FILE *out);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif