The first project at 42, libft, involves learning how the standard functions of C programming work by writing them from scratch and creating a personal library. This project is vital as the library will be used in future assignments at 42.
| Program name | libft.a |
|---|---|
| Turn in files | Makefile, libft.h, ft_*.c |
| Makefile | NAME, all, clean, fclean, re |
| External functs | Detailed below (libc, add, bonus) |
| Libft authorized | n/a |
| Description | Write your own library: a collection of functions that will be a useful tool for your cursus. |
- Mandatory part
- Part 1: libc functions, recreate functions on
ctyphe.h,string.h&strings.h-
ft_isalpha -
ft_isdigit -
ft_isalnum -
ft_isascii -
ft_toupper -
ft_tolower -
ft_strlen -
ft_strlcpy -
ft_strlcat -
ft_strchr -
ft_strrchr -
ft_strncmp -
ft_strnstr -
ft_calloc -
ft_memset -
ft_bzero -
ft_memcpy -
ft_memmove -
ft_memchr -
ft_memcmp -
ft_strdup -
ft_atoi
-
- Part 2: additional functions
-
ft_substr -
ft_strjoin -
ft_strtrim -
ft_split -
ft_strmapi -
ft_itoa -
ft_putchar_fd -
ft_putstr_fd -
ft_putendl_fd -
ft_putnbr_fd
-
- Part 1: libc functions, recreate functions on
- Bonus part, linked lists
-
ft_lstnew -
ft_lstadd_front -
ft_lstsize -
ft_lstlast -
ft_lstadd_back -
ft_lstdelone -
ft_lstclear -
ft_lstiter -
ft_lstmap
-
- Other functions added to the library (included after validating the project on the intra)
1 - Clone de repository
git clone [email protected]:mxvements/ft_libft.git
2 - Enter the project folder and run make, makefile rules
`make` - compile libft mandatory files
`make bonus` - compile libft bonus files
`make all` - compile all (mandatory + bonus) files
`make clean` - delete all *.o files
`make fclean` - delete all *.o & *.a (executable) files
`make re` - use fclean + all, recompile libft
`make test` - added rule, compile test_libft.c file (main w/ tester functs on libc)
`make tclean` - added rule, delete all *.o & clean *.out file from test
3 - To include it in your code, include the header
#include 'libft.h"
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_isalpha | ctype.h | int ft_isalpha(int c) | Test for any character for whis isupper or islower is true. Returns: (0) if false, (non-zero) if true | ft_isupper*, ft_islower* |
| ft_isdigit | ctype.h | int ft_isdigit(int c) | Test for decimal digit character (ascii 48..57). Return: (0) if false, (non-zero) if true | |
| ft_isalnum | ctype.h | int ft_isalnum(int c) | Tests for any character or which isalpha or isdigit is true. Return: (0) if false, (non-zero) if true. | ft_isdigit, ft_isalpha |
| ft_isascii | ctype.h | int ft_isascii(int c) | Test for ascii character (dec 0..127 included). Return: (0) if false, (non-zero) if true | |
| ft_isprint | ctype.h | int ft_isprint(int c) | Tets for any printing character (ascii dec 32..136). Return: (0) if false, (nonzero) if true | |
| ft_toupper | ctype.h | int ft_toupper(int c) | Converts lower-case to the corresponding upper-case. Return: the corresponding upper-case char, otherwise the argument is returned unchanged (was already uppercase or not a char) | ft_islower* |
| ft_tolower | ctype.h | int ft_tolower(int c) | Converts upper-case to the corresponding lower-case. Return: the corresponding lower-case char, otherwise the argument is returned unchanged (was already lower-case or not a char) | ft_isupper* |
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_strlen | string.h | size_t strlen(const char *s) | compute the length of s, number of characters that preecede NULL character | - |
| ft_strlcpy | string.h | size_t ft_strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize) | size-bounded string copying, copies up to (len -1) size != 0 from src to dst, NULL terminating the result if | ft_strlen(src) |
| ft_strlcat | string.h | size_t ft_strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size) | size-bounded string copying and concatenation, appends string src to the end of dst, it will append at most size - strlen(dst) -1 | - |
| ft_strchr | string.h | char *ft_strchr(const char *s, int c) | locates the char (ascii representation) 'c' in 's' the terminating null is considered as part of the string | - |
| ft_strrchr | string.h | char *strrchr(const char *s, int c) | locate character in string, the last occurrence of c | - |
| ft_strncmp | string.h | int ft_strncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n) | compare strings, not more than n characters compare strings, not more than n characters, the comparison is done using unsigned characters | - |
| ft_strnstr | string.h | char *ft_strnstr(const char *haystack, const char *needle, size_t len) | locates the first occurrence of the null-terminate string needle' in the string 'haystack', where not more than 'len' characters are searched. | - |
| ft_substr | - | char *ft_substr(char const *s, unsigned int start, size_t len) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns a substring from 's' the substring begins at start and is max of size len | malloc |
| ft_strjoin | - | char *ft_strjoin(char const *s1, char const *s2) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns a new sring, which is the result of the concatenation of s1 and s2 | malloc |
| ft_strtrim | - | char *ft_strtrim(char const *s1, char const *set) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns a copy of s1 with the characters specified in 'set' removed from the beginning and the end of the string | malloc, ft_strlen, ft_substr, ft_getfirstindex, ft_getlastindex, ft_strchr |
| ft_split | - | char **ft_split(char const *s, char c) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns an array of strings obtained by splitting 's' using the character 'c' as a delimiter. The array must end with a NULL pointer. | malloc, ft_strtrimwrapper, t_substr, ft_countwords |
| ft_strmapi | - | char *ft_strmapi(char const *s, char (*f)(unsigned int, char)) | applies 'f' to each character of 's', and passing its index as first argument to create a new string | malloc (w/ malloc) resulting from successive applications of 'f' |
| ft_striteri | - | ft_striteri(char *s, void (f)(unsigned int, char)) | applies 'f' on each character of the string passed as argument, passing its index as first argument. | - |
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_atoi | stdlib.h | int atoi(const char *str) | convert initial portion of str to int representation | ft_isspace, ft_isdigit |
| ft_itoa | - | char *ft_itoa(int n) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns a string representing the int received as an argument. Negative numbers must be handled. | malloc, ft_countdigits |
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_memset | string.h | void *memset(void *b, int c, size_t len) | writes 'len' bytes of value 'c '(converted to unsigned char) to the str 'b'. | - |
| ft_bzero | strings.h | void (void *s, size_t n) | erases the data int the 'n' bytes of the memory starting | ft_memset at the location pointed by 's', by writing '0' in the area |
| ft_memcpy | string.h | void *memcpy(void *dst, void *src, size_t n) | copy 'n' bytes from 'src' to 'dst' f 'dst' and 'src' overlap, behaviour is undefined | - |
| ft_memmove | string.h | void *memmove(void *dst, const void *src, size_t n) | copy 'n' bytes from src to dst if 'src' and 'dst' overlap, the copy is always done in a non-destructive manner (memory safe) | ft_memcpy |
| ft_memchr | string.h | void *ft_memchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n) | scans 'n' bytes form 's' to search for the 1st instance of 'c', both c and s are interpreted as unsigned char | - |
| ft_memcmp | string.h | int ft_memcmp(const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n) | compare byte string 's1' against 's2', both assumed 'n' bytes long | - |
| ft_calloc | stdlib.h | void *calloc(size_t count, size_t size) | memory allocation with enough space for count objects that are size bytes of memory each and returns a pointerto the allocated memory filled with bytes of i value (0) | malloc |
| ft_strdup | string.h | char *ft_strdup(const char *s1) | saves a cpy of the str 's1', allocating anough memory, doing the copy and returning the ptr to it. allocates at most 'n' char from 's1' always terminating the copied str. | malloc |
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_putchar_fd | - | void ft_putchar_fd(hcar c, int fd) | outputs the char 'c' to the given file descriptor | write |
| ft_putstr_fd | - | void ft_putstr_fd(char *s, int fd) | outputs the string 's' to the given file descriptor | write |
| ft_putendl_fd | - | void ft_putendl_fd(char *s, int fd) | ouputs the string 's' to the given file descriptor followed by a new line | write |
| ft_putnbr_fd | - | void ft_putnbr_fd(int n, int fd); | outputs the integer 'n' to the given file descriptor | write |
| Name | Library | Prototype | Short description | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft_lstnew | - | t_list *ft_lstnew(void *content) | allocates (with malloc(3)) and returns a new node. the member variable 'content' is inizialized with the value of the param 'content', the variable 'next' is initilized to NULL | malloc |
| ft_lstadd_front | - | void ft_lstadd_front(t_list **lst, t_list *new) | ads the node 'new' at the beginning of the list | - |
| ft_lstsize | - | int ft_lstsize(t_lst *lst) | counts the number of nodes in a list | - |
| ft_lstlast | - | t_list ft_llstlast(t_list *lst) | return the last node of the list | - |
| ft_lstadd_back | - | void ft-lstadd_back(t_list **lst, t_list *new) | adds the node 'new' at the end of the list | - |
| ft_lstdelone | - | void ft_lstdelone(t_list *lst, void (del)(void)) | takes as parameter the node and frees the memory of the node's content using the function 'del' given as a param and free the node, the memory 'next' must not be freed. | free |
| ft_lstclear | - | void ft_lstclear(t_list **lst, void (*del)(void *)) | deletes and frees the given node and every successor of that node, using the function 'del' and free(3) | free |
| ft_lstiter | - | void ft_lstiter(t_list *lst, void (*f)(void *)) | iterates the list 'lst' and applies the function 'f' on the content of each node. | - |
| ft_lstmap | - | t_list *ft_lstmap(t_list *lst, void *(*f)(void *), void (*del)(void *)) | iterates the list 'lst' and applies the funcion 'f' on the content of each node. creates a new list resulting of the successive applications of the function 'f' the 'del' function is used to delete the content of a node if needed | malloc, free, ft_lstnew, ft_lstclear, ft_lstadd_back |
At 42 School, it is expected that almost every project is written in accordance with the Norm, which is the coding standard of the school.
Norminette's repository- No for, do...while, switch, case, goto, ternary operators and variable-length arrays are allowed
- Each function must be a maximum of 25 lines, not counting the function's curly brackets
- Each line must be at most 80 columns wide, comments included
- A function can take 4 named parameters maximum
- No assigns and declarations in the same line (unless static or const)
- You can't declare more than 5 variables per function
- ...