diff --git a/.eslintrc.cjs b/.eslintrc.cjs
index a04d75934949..9425c3c81e12 100644
--- a/.eslintrc.cjs
+++ b/.eslintrc.cjs
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ module.exports = {
     },
     {
       files: [
-        "packages/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
-        "codemods/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
-        "eslint/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
+        "packages/*/src/**/*.{js,ts,cjs}",
+        "codemods/*/src/**/*.{js,ts,cjs}",
+        "eslint/*/src/**/*.{js,ts,cjs}",
       ],
       rules: {
         "@babel/development/no-undefined-identifier": "error",
@@ -130,6 +130,12 @@ module.exports = {
         ],
       },
     },
+    {
+      files: ["eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/**/*.js"],
+      rules: {
+        "no-restricted-imports": ["error", "@babel/core"],
+      },
+    },
     {
       files: ["packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/scripts/**/*.js"],
       rules: {
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 7c4f8d7d2993..254f6981a7e0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -196,6 +196,12 @@ jobs:
           BABEL_ENV: test
           BABEL_8_BREAKING: true
           STRIP_BABEL_8_FLAG: true
+      - name: Lint
+        run: make lint
+        env:
+          BABEL_ENV: test
+          BABEL_8_BREAKING: true
+          BABEL_TYPES_8_BREAKING: true
       - name: Test
         # Hack: --color has supports-color@5 returned true for GitHub CI
         # Remove once `chalk` is bumped to 4.0.
diff --git a/.prettierrc b/.prettierrc
index 493de23554b3..b22f88634299 100644
--- a/.prettierrc
+++ b/.prettierrc
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
   "printWidth": 80,
   "overrides": [{
     "files": [
-      "**/{codemods,eslint,packages}/*/{src,test}/**/*.{js,ts}"
+      "**/{codemods,eslint,packages}/*/{src,test}/**/*.{js,ts,cjs}"
     ],
     "excludeFiles": ["**/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers/**/*.js"],
     "options": {
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/package.json b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/package.json
index 11a17136d941..f244586eff34 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/package.json
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/package.json
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
   "engines": {
     "node": "^10.13.0 || ^12.13.0 || >=14.0.0"
   },
-  "main": "./lib/index.js",
+  "main": "./lib/index.cjs",
   "type": "commonjs",
   "exports": {
-    ".": "./lib/index.js",
+    ".": "./lib/index.cjs",
     "./package.json": "./package.json"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.cjs
similarity index 87%
rename from eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.js
rename to eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.cjs
index 69829d011b5f..f9fb7472e8d9 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/analyze-scope.cjs
@@ -1,31 +1,37 @@
-import { types as t } from "@babel/core";
-import escope from "eslint-scope";
-import { Definition } from "eslint-scope/lib/definition";
-import OriginalPatternVisitor from "eslint-scope/lib/pattern-visitor";
-import OriginalReferencer from "eslint-scope/lib/referencer";
-import { getKeys as fallback } from "eslint-visitor-keys";
-import childVisitorKeys from "./visitor-keys";
-
-const flowFlippedAliasKeys = t.FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS.Flow.concat([
-  "ArrayPattern",
-  "ClassDeclaration",
-  "ClassExpression",
-  "FunctionDeclaration",
-  "FunctionExpression",
-  "Identifier",
-  "ObjectPattern",
-  "RestElement",
-]);
-
-const visitorKeysMap = Object.entries(t.VISITOR_KEYS).reduce(
-  (acc, [key, value]) => {
+const escope = require("eslint-scope");
+const { Definition } = require("eslint-scope/lib/definition");
+const OriginalPatternVisitor = require("eslint-scope/lib/pattern-visitor");
+const OriginalReferencer = require("eslint-scope/lib/referencer");
+const { getKeys: fallback } = require("eslint-visitor-keys");
+
+const { getTypesInfo, getVisitorKeys } = require("./client.cjs");
+
+let visitorKeysMap;
+function getVisitorValues(nodeType) {
+  if (visitorKeysMap) return visitorKeysMap[nodeType];
+
+  const { FLOW_FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS, VISITOR_KEYS } = getTypesInfo();
+
+  const flowFlippedAliasKeys = FLOW_FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS.concat([
+    "ArrayPattern",
+    "ClassDeclaration",
+    "ClassExpression",
+    "FunctionDeclaration",
+    "FunctionExpression",
+    "Identifier",
+    "ObjectPattern",
+    "RestElement",
+  ]);
+
+  visitorKeysMap = Object.entries(VISITOR_KEYS).reduce((acc, [key, value]) => {
     if (!flowFlippedAliasKeys.includes(value)) {
       acc[key] = value;
     }
     return acc;
-  },
-  {},
-);
+  }, {});
+
+  return visitorKeysMap[nodeType];
+}
 
 const propertyTypes = {
   // loops
@@ -65,7 +71,7 @@ class Referencer extends OriginalReferencer {
 
     // Visit type annotations.
     this._checkIdentifierOrVisit(node.typeAnnotation);
-    if (t.isAssignmentPattern(node)) {
+    if (node.type === "AssignmentPattern") {
       this._checkIdentifierOrVisit(node.left.typeAnnotation);
     }
 
@@ -258,7 +264,7 @@ class Referencer extends OriginalReferencer {
     }
 
     // get property to check (params, id, etc...)
-    const visitorValues = visitorKeysMap[node.type];
+    const visitorValues = getVisitorValues(node.type);
     if (!visitorValues) {
       return;
     }
@@ -322,7 +328,7 @@ class Referencer extends OriginalReferencer {
   }
 }
 
-export default function analyzeScope(ast, parserOptions) {
+module.exports = function analyzeScope(ast, parserOptions) {
   const options = {
     ignoreEval: true,
     optimistic: false,
@@ -337,7 +343,7 @@ export default function analyzeScope(ast, parserOptions) {
     fallback,
   };
 
-  options.childVisitorKeys = childVisitorKeys;
+  options.childVisitorKeys = getVisitorKeys();
 
   const scopeManager = new escope.ScopeManager(options);
   const referencer = new Referencer(options, scopeManager);
@@ -345,4 +351,4 @@ export default function analyzeScope(ast, parserOptions) {
   referencer.visit(ast);
 
   return scopeManager;
-}
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/client.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/client.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a4a4777159b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/client.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+const path = require("path");
+
+let send;
+
+exports.getVersion = sendCached("GET_VERSION");
+
+exports.getTypesInfo = sendCached("GET_TYPES_INFO");
+
+exports.getVisitorKeys = sendCached("GET_VISITOR_KEYS");
+
+exports.getTokLabels = sendCached("GET_TOKEN_LABELS");
+
+exports.maybeParse = (code, options) => send("MAYBE_PARSE", { code, options });
+
+function sendCached(action) {
+  let cache = null;
+
+  return () => {
+    if (!cache) cache = send(action, undefined);
+    return cache;
+  };
+}
+
+if (process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+  const {
+    Worker,
+    receiveMessageOnPort,
+    MessageChannel,
+    SHARE_ENV,
+  } = require("worker_threads");
+
+  // We need to run Babel in a worker for two reasons:
+  // 1. ESLint workers must be CJS files, and this is a problem
+  //    since Babel 8+ uses native ESM
+  // 2. ESLint parsers must run synchronously, but many steps
+  //    of Babel's config loading (which is done for each file)
+  //    can be asynchronous
+  // If ESLint starts supporting async parsers, we can move
+  // everything back to the main thread.
+  const worker = new Worker(
+    path.resolve(__dirname, "../lib/worker/index.cjs"),
+    { env: SHARE_ENV },
+  );
+
+  // The worker will never exit by itself. Prevent it from keeping
+  // the main process alive.
+  worker.unref();
+
+  const signal = new Int32Array(new SharedArrayBuffer(4));
+
+  send = (action, payload) => {
+    signal[0] = 0;
+    const subChannel = new MessageChannel();
+
+    worker.postMessage({ signal, port: subChannel.port1, action, payload }, [
+      subChannel.port1,
+    ]);
+
+    Atomics.wait(signal, 0, 0);
+    const { message } = receiveMessageOnPort(subChannel.port2);
+
+    if (message.error) throw Object.assign(message.error, message.errorData);
+    else return message.result;
+  };
+} else {
+  send = require("./worker/index.cjs");
+}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c39fe1d2dad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+exports.normalizeESLintConfig = function (options) {
+  const {
+    babelOptions = {},
+    // ESLint sets ecmaVersion: undefined when ecmaVersion is not set in the config.
+    ecmaVersion = 2020,
+    sourceType = "module",
+    allowImportExportEverywhere = false,
+    requireConfigFile = true,
+    ...otherOptions
+  } = options;
+
+  return {
+    babelOptions,
+    ecmaVersion,
+    sourceType,
+    allowImportExportEverywhere,
+    requireConfigFile,
+    ...otherOptions,
+  };
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..85c95052216d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+function* it(children) {
+  if (Array.isArray(children)) yield* children;
+  else yield children;
+}
+
+function traverse(node, visitorKeys, visitor) {
+  const { type } = node;
+  if (!type) return;
+  const keys = visitorKeys[type];
+  if (!keys) return;
+
+  for (const key of keys) {
+    for (const child of it(node[key])) {
+      if (child && typeof child === "object") {
+        visitor.enter(child);
+        traverse(child, visitorKeys, visitor);
+        visitor.exit(child);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const convertNodesVisitor = {
+  enter(node) {
+    if (node.innerComments) {
+      delete node.innerComments;
+    }
+
+    if (node.trailingComments) {
+      delete node.trailingComments;
+    }
+
+    if (node.leadingComments) {
+      delete node.leadingComments;
+    }
+  },
+  exit(node) {
+    // Used internally by @babel/parser.
+    if (node.extra) {
+      delete node.extra;
+    }
+
+    if (node?.loc.identifierName) {
+      delete node.loc.identifierName;
+    }
+
+    if (node.type === "TypeParameter") {
+      node.type = "Identifier";
+      node.typeAnnotation = node.bound;
+      delete node.bound;
+    }
+
+    // flow: prevent "no-undef"
+    // for "Component" in: "let x: React.Component"
+    if (node.type === "QualifiedTypeIdentifier") {
+      delete node.id;
+    }
+    // for "b" in: "var a: { b: Foo }"
+    if (node.type === "ObjectTypeProperty") {
+      delete node.key;
+    }
+    // for "indexer" in: "var a: {[indexer: string]: number}"
+    if (node.type === "ObjectTypeIndexer") {
+      delete node.id;
+    }
+    // for "param" in: "var a: { func(param: Foo): Bar };"
+    if (node.type === "FunctionTypeParam") {
+      delete node.name;
+    }
+
+    // modules
+    if (node.type === "ImportDeclaration") {
+      delete node.isType;
+    }
+
+    // template string range fixes
+    if (node.type === "TemplateLiteral") {
+      for (let i = 0; i < node.quasis.length; i++) {
+        const q = node.quasis[i];
+        q.range[0] -= 1;
+        if (q.tail) {
+          q.range[1] += 1;
+        } else {
+          q.range[1] += 2;
+        }
+        q.loc.start.column -= 1;
+        if (q.tail) {
+          q.loc.end.column += 1;
+        } else {
+          q.loc.end.column += 2;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+};
+
+function convertNodes(ast, visitorKeys) {
+  traverse(ast, visitorKeys, convertNodesVisitor);
+}
+
+function convertProgramNode(ast) {
+  ast.type = "Program";
+  ast.sourceType = ast.program.sourceType;
+  ast.body = ast.program.body;
+  delete ast.program;
+  delete ast.errors;
+
+  if (ast.comments.length) {
+    const lastComment = ast.comments[ast.comments.length - 1];
+
+    if (ast.tokens.length) {
+      const lastToken = ast.tokens[ast.tokens.length - 1];
+
+      if (lastComment.end > lastToken.end) {
+        // If there is a comment after the last token, the program ends at the
+        // last token and not the comment
+        ast.range[1] = lastToken.end;
+        ast.loc.end.line = lastToken.loc.end.line;
+        ast.loc.end.column = lastToken.loc.end.column;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (!ast.tokens.length) {
+      ast.loc.start.line = 1;
+      ast.loc.end.line = 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (ast.body && ast.body.length > 0) {
+    ast.loc.start.line = ast.body[0].loc.start.line;
+    ast.range[0] = ast.body[0].start;
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = function convertAST(ast, visitorKeys) {
+  convertNodes(ast, visitorKeys);
+  convertProgramNode(ast);
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 76f3c63fb420..000000000000
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertAST.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-import { types as t, traverse } from "@babel/core";
-import { newTypes, conflictTypes } from "../visitor-keys";
-
-function convertNodes(ast, code) {
-  const astTransformVisitor = {
-    noScope: true,
-    enter(path) {
-      const { node } = path;
-
-      if (node.innerComments) {
-        delete node.innerComments;
-      }
-
-      if (node.trailingComments) {
-        delete node.trailingComments;
-      }
-
-      if (node.leadingComments) {
-        delete node.leadingComments;
-      }
-    },
-    exit(path) {
-      const { node } = path;
-
-      // Used internally by @babel/parser.
-      if (node.extra) {
-        delete node.extra;
-      }
-
-      if (node?.loc.identifierName) {
-        delete node.loc.identifierName;
-      }
-
-      if (path.isTypeParameter()) {
-        node.type = "Identifier";
-        node.typeAnnotation = node.bound;
-        delete node.bound;
-      }
-
-      // flow: prevent "no-undef"
-      // for "Component" in: "let x: React.Component"
-      if (path.isQualifiedTypeIdentifier()) {
-        delete node.id;
-      }
-      // for "b" in: "var a: { b: Foo }"
-      if (path.isObjectTypeProperty()) {
-        delete node.key;
-      }
-      // for "indexer" in: "var a: {[indexer: string]: number}"
-      if (path.isObjectTypeIndexer()) {
-        delete node.id;
-      }
-      // for "param" in: "var a: { func(param: Foo): Bar };"
-      if (path.isFunctionTypeParam()) {
-        delete node.name;
-      }
-
-      // modules
-      if (path.isImportDeclaration()) {
-        delete node.isType;
-      }
-
-      // template string range fixes
-      if (path.isTemplateLiteral()) {
-        for (let i = 0; i < node.quasis.length; i++) {
-          const q = node.quasis[i];
-          q.range[0] -= 1;
-          if (q.tail) {
-            q.range[1] += 1;
-          } else {
-            q.range[1] += 2;
-          }
-          q.loc.start.column -= 1;
-          if (q.tail) {
-            q.loc.end.column += 1;
-          } else {
-            q.loc.end.column += 2;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-  };
-  const state = { source: code };
-  const oldVisitorKeys = new Map();
-
-  try {
-    for (const [type, visitorKey] of Object.entries(conflictTypes)) {
-      // backup conflicted visitor keys
-      oldVisitorKeys.set(type, t.VISITOR_KEYS[type]);
-
-      t.VISITOR_KEYS[type] = visitorKey;
-    }
-    for (const [type, visitorKey] of Object.entries(newTypes)) {
-      t.VISITOR_KEYS[type] = visitorKey;
-    }
-
-    traverse(ast, astTransformVisitor, null, state);
-  } finally {
-    // These can be safely deleted because they are not defined in the original visitor keys.
-    for (const type of Object.keys(newTypes)) {
-      delete t.VISITOR_KEYS[type];
-    }
-
-    // These should be restored
-    for (const type of Object.keys(conflictTypes)) {
-      t.VISITOR_KEYS[type] = oldVisitorKeys.get(type);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-function convertProgramNode(ast) {
-  ast.type = "Program";
-  ast.sourceType = ast.program.sourceType;
-  ast.body = ast.program.body;
-  delete ast.program;
-  delete ast.errors;
-
-  if (ast.comments.length) {
-    const lastComment = ast.comments[ast.comments.length - 1];
-
-    if (ast.tokens.length) {
-      const lastToken = ast.tokens[ast.tokens.length - 1];
-
-      if (lastComment.end > lastToken.end) {
-        // If there is a comment after the last token, the program ends at the
-        // last token and not the comment
-        ast.range[1] = lastToken.end;
-        ast.loc.end.line = lastToken.loc.end.line;
-        ast.loc.end.column = lastToken.loc.end.column;
-      }
-    }
-  } else {
-    if (!ast.tokens.length) {
-      ast.loc.start.line = 1;
-      ast.loc.end.line = 1;
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (ast.body && ast.body.length > 0) {
-    ast.loc.start.line = ast.body[0].loc.start.line;
-    ast.range[0] = ast.body[0].start;
-  }
-}
-
-export default function convertAST(ast, code) {
-  convertNodes(ast, code);
-  convertProgramNode(ast);
-}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.cjs
similarity index 86%
rename from eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.js
rename to eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.cjs
index 854c3440c590..bcdda9170572 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertComments.cjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-export default function convertComments(comments) {
+module.exports = function convertComments(comments) {
   for (const comment of comments) {
     if (comment.type === "CommentBlock") {
       comment.type = "Block";
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ export default function convertComments(comments) {
       comment.range = [comment.start, comment.end];
     }
   }
-}
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.cjs
similarity index 90%
rename from eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.js
rename to eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.cjs
index 414067892979..8cdaa566e134 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/convertTokens.cjs
@@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
-import { tokTypes } from "@babel/core";
-
-const tl = (
-  process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING
-    ? Object.fromEntries
-    : p => p.reduce((o, [k, v]) => ({ ...o, [k]: v }), {})
-)(Object.keys(tokTypes).map(key => [key, tokTypes[key].label]));
-
-function convertTemplateType(tokens) {
+function convertTemplateType(tokens, tl) {
   let curlyBrace = null;
   let templateTokens = [];
   const result = [];
@@ -97,7 +89,7 @@ function convertTemplateType(tokens) {
   return result;
 }
 
-function convertToken(token, source) {
+function convertToken(token, source, tl) {
   const { type } = token;
   const { label } = type;
   token.range = [token.start, token.end];
@@ -192,8 +184,8 @@ function convertToken(token, source) {
   return token;
 }
 
-export default function convertTokens(tokens, code) {
-  return convertTemplateType(tokens)
+module.exports = function convertTokens(tokens, code, tl) {
+  return convertTemplateType(tokens, tl)
     .filter(t => t.type !== "CommentLine" && t.type !== "CommentBlock")
-    .map(t => convertToken(t, code));
-}
+    .map(t => convertToken(t, code, tl));
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1d5cec94b031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+const convertTokens = require("./convertTokens.cjs");
+const convertComments = require("./convertComments.cjs");
+const convertAST = require("./convertAST.cjs");
+
+exports.ast = function convert(ast, code, tokLabels, visitorKeys) {
+  ast.tokens = convertTokens(ast.tokens, code, tokLabels);
+  convertComments(ast.comments);
+  convertAST(ast, visitorKeys);
+  return ast;
+};
+
+exports.error = function convertError(err) {
+  if (err instanceof SyntaxError) {
+    err.lineNumber = err.loc.line;
+    err.column = err.loc.column;
+  }
+  return err;
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 085f49eec44a..000000000000
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/convert/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-import convertTokens from "./convertTokens";
-import convertComments from "./convertComments";
-import convertAST from "./convertAST";
-
-export default function (ast, code) {
-  ast.tokens = convertTokens(ast.tokens, code);
-  convertComments(ast.comments);
-  convertAST(ast, code);
-}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..eef046316976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+const semver = require("semver");
+const { normalizeESLintConfig } = require("./configuration.cjs");
+const analyzeScope = require("./analyze-scope.cjs");
+const {
+  getVersion,
+  getVisitorKeys,
+  getTokLabels,
+  maybeParse,
+} = require("./client.cjs");
+const convert = require("./convert/index.cjs");
+
+const babelParser = require(require.resolve("@babel/parser", {
+  paths: [require.resolve("@babel/core/package.json")],
+}));
+
+let isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion = null;
+
+function baseParse(code, options) {
+  // Ensure we're using a version of `@babel/core` that includes `parse()` and `tokTypes`.
+  const minSupportedCoreVersion = ">=7.2.0";
+
+  if (typeof isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion !== "boolean") {
+    isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion = semver.satisfies(
+      getVersion(),
+      minSupportedCoreVersion,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (!isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `@babel/eslint-parser@${
+        PACKAGE_JSON.version
+      } does not support @babel/core@${getVersion()}. Please upgrade to @babel/core@${minSupportedCoreVersion}.`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const { ast, parserOptions } = maybeParse(code, options);
+
+  if (ast) return ast;
+
+  try {
+    return convert.ast(
+      babelParser.parse(code, parserOptions),
+      code,
+      getTokLabels(),
+      getVisitorKeys(),
+    );
+  } catch (err) {
+    throw convert.error(err);
+  }
+}
+
+exports.parse = function (code, options = {}) {
+  return baseParse(code, normalizeESLintConfig(options));
+};
+
+exports.parseForESLint = function (code, options = {}) {
+  const normalizedOptions = normalizeESLintConfig(options);
+  const ast = baseParse(code, normalizedOptions);
+  const scopeManager = analyzeScope(ast, normalizedOptions);
+
+  return { ast, scopeManager, visitorKeys: getVisitorKeys() };
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 709232c26973..000000000000
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-import semver from "semver";
-import {
-  version as babelCoreVersion,
-  parseSync as babelParse,
-} from "@babel/core";
-import {
-  normalizeBabelParseConfig,
-  normalizeESLintConfig,
-} from "./configuration";
-import convert from "./convert";
-import analyzeScope from "./analyze-scope";
-import visitorKeys from "./visitor-keys";
-
-let isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion = null;
-
-function baseParse(code, options) {
-  // Ensure we're using a version of `@babel/core` that includes `parse()` and `tokTypes`.
-  const minSupportedCoreVersion = ">=7.2.0";
-
-  if (typeof isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion !== "boolean") {
-    isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion = semver.satisfies(
-      babelCoreVersion,
-      minSupportedCoreVersion,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (!isRunningMinSupportedCoreVersion) {
-    throw new Error(
-      `@babel/eslint-parser@${PACKAGE_JSON.version} does not support @babel/core@${babelCoreVersion}. Please upgrade to @babel/core@${minSupportedCoreVersion}.`,
-    );
-  }
-
-  let ast;
-
-  try {
-    ast = babelParse(code, normalizeBabelParseConfig(options));
-  } catch (err) {
-    if (err instanceof SyntaxError) {
-      err.lineNumber = err.loc.line;
-      err.column = err.loc.column;
-    }
-
-    throw err;
-  }
-
-  convert(ast, code);
-
-  return ast;
-}
-
-export function parse(code, options = {}) {
-  return baseParse(code, normalizeESLintConfig(options));
-}
-
-export function parseForESLint(code, options = {}) {
-  const normalizedOptions = normalizeESLintConfig(options);
-  const ast = baseParse(code, normalizedOptions);
-  const scopeManager = analyzeScope(ast, normalizedOptions);
-
-  return { ast, scopeManager, visitorKeys };
-}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/visitor-keys.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/visitor-keys.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 3440cfcc1168..000000000000
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/visitor-keys.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-import { types as t } from "@babel/core";
-import { KEYS as ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS } from "eslint-visitor-keys";
-
-// AST Types that are not presented in Babel AST
-export const newTypes = {
-  ChainExpression: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ChainExpression,
-  ImportExpression: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ImportExpression,
-  Literal: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.Literal,
-  MethodDefinition: ["decorators"].concat(ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.MethodDefinition),
-  Property: ["decorators"].concat(ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.Property),
-  PropertyDefinition: ["decorators"].concat(
-    ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.PropertyDefinition,
-  ),
-};
-
-// AST Types that shares `"type"` property with Babel but have different shape
-export const conflictTypes = {
-  // todo: remove this when we drop Babel 7 support
-  ClassPrivateMethod: ["decorators"].concat(
-    ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.MethodDefinition,
-  ),
-  ExportAllDeclaration: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ExportAllDeclaration,
-};
-
-export default { ...newTypes, ...t.VISITOR_KEYS, ...conflictTypes };
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/ast-info.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/ast-info.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a9ed882c21ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/ast-info.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+const ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS = require("eslint-visitor-keys").KEYS;
+const babel = require("./babel-core.cjs");
+
+let visitorKeys;
+exports.getVisitorKeys = function getVisitorKeys() {
+  if (!visitorKeys) {
+    // AST Types that are not presented in Babel AST
+    const newTypes = {
+      ChainExpression: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ChainExpression,
+      ImportExpression: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ImportExpression,
+      Literal: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.Literal,
+      MethodDefinition: ["decorators"].concat(
+        ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.MethodDefinition,
+      ),
+      Property: ["decorators"].concat(ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.Property),
+      PropertyDefinition: ["decorators"].concat(
+        ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.PropertyDefinition,
+      ),
+    };
+
+    // AST Types that shares `"type"` property with Babel but have different shape
+    const conflictTypes = {
+      // todo: remove this when we drop Babel 7 support
+      ClassPrivateMethod: ["decorators"].concat(
+        ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.MethodDefinition,
+      ),
+      ExportAllDeclaration: ESLINT_VISITOR_KEYS.ExportAllDeclaration,
+    };
+
+    visitorKeys = {
+      ...newTypes,
+      ...babel.types.VISITOR_KEYS,
+      ...conflictTypes,
+    };
+  }
+  return visitorKeys;
+};
+
+let tokLabels;
+exports.getTokLabels = function getTokLabels() {
+  return (tokLabels ||= (
+    process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING
+      ? Object.fromEntries
+      : p => p.reduce((o, [k, v]) => ({ ...o, [k]: v }), {})
+  )(Object.entries(babel.tokTypes).map(([key, tok]) => [key, tok.label])));
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/babel-core.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/babel-core.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..47486218db92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/babel-core.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+function initialize(babel) {
+  exports.init = null;
+  exports.version = babel.version;
+  exports.traverse = babel.traverse;
+  exports.types = babel.types;
+  exports.tokTypes = babel.tokTypes;
+  exports.parseSync = babel.parseSync;
+  exports.loadPartialConfigSync = babel.loadPartialConfigSync;
+  exports.loadPartialConfigAsync = babel.loadPartialConfigAsync;
+  exports.createConfigItem = babel.createConfigItem;
+}
+
+if (process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+  exports.init = import("@babel/core").then(ns => initialize(ns.default));
+} else {
+  initialize(require("@babel/core"));
+}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/configuration.cjs
similarity index 71%
rename from eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.js
rename to eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/configuration.cjs
index f935590de4f5..24877f5c59ef 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/configuration.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/configuration.cjs
@@ -1,25 +1,4 @@
-import { loadPartialConfig } from "@babel/core";
-
-export function normalizeESLintConfig(options) {
-  const {
-    babelOptions = {},
-    // ESLint sets ecmaVersion: undefined when ecmaVersion is not set in the config.
-    ecmaVersion = 2020,
-    sourceType = "module",
-    allowImportExportEverywhere = false,
-    requireConfigFile = true,
-    ...otherOptions
-  } = options;
-
-  return {
-    babelOptions,
-    ecmaVersion,
-    sourceType,
-    allowImportExportEverywhere,
-    requireConfigFile,
-    ...otherOptions,
-  };
-}
+const babel = require("./babel-core.cjs");
 
 /**
  * Merge user supplied estree plugin options to default estree plugin options
@@ -41,8 +20,8 @@ function getParserPlugins(babelOptions) {
   return [["estree", estreeOptions], ...babelParserPlugins];
 }
 
-export function normalizeBabelParseConfig(options) {
-  const parseOptions = {
+function normalizeParserOptions(options) {
+  return {
     sourceType: options.sourceType,
     filename: options.filePath,
     ...options.babelOptions,
@@ -60,11 +39,11 @@ export function normalizeBabelParseConfig(options) {
       ...options.babelOptions.caller,
     },
   };
+}
 
-  if (options.requireConfigFile !== false) {
-    const config = loadPartialConfig(parseOptions);
-
-    if (config !== null) {
+function validateResolvedConfig(config, options) {
+  if (config !== null) {
+    if (options.requireConfigFile !== false) {
       if (!config.hasFilesystemConfig()) {
         let error = `No Babel config file detected for ${config.options.filename}. Either disable config file checking with requireConfigFile: false, or configure Babel so that it can find the config files.`;
 
@@ -74,10 +53,20 @@ export function normalizeBabelParseConfig(options) {
 
         throw new Error(error);
       }
-
-      return config.options;
     }
+    return config.options;
   }
-
-  return parseOptions;
 }
+
+module.exports = function normalizeBabelParseConfig(options) {
+  const parseOptions = normalizeParserOptions(options);
+
+  if (process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+    return babel
+      .loadPartialConfigAsync(parseOptions)
+      .then(config => validateResolvedConfig(config, options) || parseOptions);
+  } else {
+    const config = babel.loadPartialConfigSync(parseOptions);
+    return validateResolvedConfig(config, options) || parseOptions;
+  }
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/extract-parser-options-plugin.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/extract-parser-options-plugin.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bfe925676574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/extract-parser-options-plugin.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module.exports = function extractParserOptionsPlugin() {
+  return {
+    parserOverride(code, opts) {
+      return opts;
+    },
+  };
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/index.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/index.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c212274cc7c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/index.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+const babel = require("./babel-core.cjs");
+const maybeParse = require("./maybeParse.cjs");
+const { getVisitorKeys, getTokLabels } = require("./ast-info.cjs");
+const normalizeBabelParseConfig = require("./configuration.cjs");
+
+function handleMessage(action, payload) {
+  switch (action) {
+    case "GET_VERSION":
+      return babel.version;
+    case "GET_TYPES_INFO":
+      return {
+        FLOW_FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS: babel.types.FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS.Flow,
+        VISITOR_KEYS: babel.types.VISITOR_KEYS,
+      };
+    case "GET_TOKEN_LABELS":
+      return getTokLabels();
+    case "GET_VISITOR_KEYS":
+      return getVisitorKeys();
+    case "MAYBE_PARSE":
+      if (process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+        return normalizeBabelParseConfig(payload.options).then(options =>
+          maybeParse(payload.code, options),
+        );
+      } else {
+        return maybeParse(
+          payload.code,
+          normalizeBabelParseConfig(payload.options),
+        );
+      }
+  }
+
+  throw new Error(`Unknown internal parser worker action: ${action}`);
+}
+
+if (process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+  const { parentPort } = require("worker_threads");
+
+  parentPort.addListener(
+    "message",
+    async ({ signal, port, action, payload }) => {
+      let response;
+
+      try {
+        if (babel.init) await babel.init;
+
+        response = { result: await handleMessage(action, payload) };
+      } catch (error) {
+        response = { error, errorData: { ...error } };
+      }
+
+      try {
+        port.postMessage(response);
+      } catch {
+        port.postMessage({
+          error: new Error("Cannot serialize worker response"),
+        });
+      } finally {
+        port.close();
+        Atomics.store(signal, 0, 1);
+        Atomics.notify(signal, 0);
+      }
+    },
+  );
+} else {
+  module.exports = handleMessage;
+}
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/maybeParse.cjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/maybeParse.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..22c6fcaa7147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/src/worker/maybeParse.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+const babel = require("./babel-core.cjs");
+const convert = require("../convert/index.cjs");
+const { getVisitorKeys, getTokLabels } = require("./ast-info.cjs");
+const extractParserOptionsPlugin = require("./extract-parser-options-plugin.cjs");
+
+const ref = {};
+let extractParserOptionsConfigItem;
+
+const MULTIPLE_OVERRIDES = /More than one plugin attempted to override parsing/;
+
+module.exports = function maybeParse(code, options) {
+  if (!extractParserOptionsConfigItem) {
+    extractParserOptionsConfigItem = babel.createConfigItem(
+      [extractParserOptionsPlugin, ref],
+      { dirname: __dirname, type: "plugin" },
+    );
+  }
+  options.plugins.push(extractParserOptionsConfigItem);
+
+  try {
+    return {
+      parserOptions: babel.parseSync(code, options),
+      ast: null,
+    };
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (!MULTIPLE_OVERRIDES.test(err.message)) {
+      throw err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  let ast;
+
+  try {
+    ast = babel.parseSync(code, options);
+  } catch (err) {
+    throw convert.error(err);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ast: convert.ast(ast, code, getTokLabels(), getVisitorKeys()),
+    parserOptions: null,
+  };
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
index fef130a449ec..3522bdd218b8 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import escope from "eslint-scope";
 import unpad from "dedent";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import { createRequire } from "module";
-import { parseForESLint } from "../src";
+import { parseForESLint } from "../lib/index.cjs";
 
 const BABEL_OPTIONS = {
   configFile: path.resolve(
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/package.json b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/package.json
index 24e2ce7c44fc..4cd906d24cc8 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/package.json
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/package.json
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
   "private": true,
   "dependencies": {
     "@babel/eslint-parser": "workspace:^7.14.2",
+    "@babel/preset-react": "workspace:^7.13.13",
     "dedent": "^0.7.0",
     "eslint": "^7.5.0",
     "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.22.0",
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/.eslintrc.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/.eslintrc.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..486757528be0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/.eslintrc.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module.exports = {
+  root: true,
+  parser: "@babel/eslint-parser",
+  parserOptions: {
+    babelOptions: {
+      configFile: __dirname + "/babel.config.mjs",
+      sourceType: "module",
+    },
+  },
+  rules: {
+    "template-curly-spacing": "error",
+  },
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/a.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/a.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..60668017bf2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/a.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export default () => <div />;
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/babel.config.mjs b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/babel.config.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3d56fe842f6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/fixtures/mjs-config-file/babel.config.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+  presets: ["@babel/preset-react"],
+};
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
index b8cec5e450d9..6829c73bbbd6 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import eslint from "eslint";
 import unpad from "dedent";
 import path from "path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
-import * as parser from "../../../babel-eslint-parser";
+import * as parser from "../../../babel-eslint-parser/lib/index.cjs";
 
 export default function verifyAndAssertMessages(
   code,
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/config-files.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/config-files.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d99f38df986d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/config-files.js
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import eslint from "eslint";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+describe("Babel config files", () => {
+  const babel8 = process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING ? it : it.skip;
+
+  babel8("works with babel.config.mjs", () => {
+    const engine = new eslint.CLIEngine({ ignore: false });
+    expect(
+      engine.executeOnFiles([
+        path.resolve(
+          path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+          `../fixtures/mjs-config-file/a.js`,
+        ),
+      ]),
+    ).toMatchObject({ errorCount: 0 });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
index 769ba76d2f29..c57e1366eab0 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import eslint from "eslint";
 import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
-import * as parser from "../../../../../babel-eslint-parser";
+import * as parser from "../../../../../babel-eslint-parser/lib/index.cjs";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 eslint.linter.defineParser("@babel/eslint-parser", parser);
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/src/parser/index.ts b/packages/babel-core/src/parser/index.ts
index 44c5b684a151..f5374ab87061 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/src/parser/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-core/src/parser/index.ts
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ export default function* parser(
       }
       return results[0];
     }
+    // TODO: Add an error code
     throw new Error("More than one plugin attempted to override parsing.");
   } catch (err) {
     if (err.code === "BABEL_PARSER_SOURCETYPE_MODULE_REQUIRED") {
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 40f332e893aa..ab2e1c769dde 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ __metadata:
   resolution: "@babel/eslint-tests@workspace:eslint/babel-eslint-tests"
   dependencies:
     "@babel/eslint-parser": "workspace:^7.14.2"
+    "@babel/preset-react": "workspace:^7.13.13"
     dedent: ^0.7.0
     eslint: ^7.5.0
     eslint-plugin-import: ^2.22.0
@@ -3278,7 +3279,7 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@babel/preset-react@workspace:*, @babel/preset-react@workspace:^7.12.13, @babel/preset-react@workspace:packages/babel-preset-react":
+"@babel/preset-react@workspace:*, @babel/preset-react@workspace:^7.12.13, @babel/preset-react@workspace:^7.13.13, @babel/preset-react@workspace:packages/babel-preset-react":
   version: 0.0.0-use.local
   resolution: "@babel/preset-react@workspace:packages/babel-preset-react"
   dependencies: