From 6a4fb7aac65b19c3a93dd2f073953d3578af9a45 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xuewei Niu <niuxuewei.nxw@antgroup.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Nov 2023 15:23:41 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Support adding vhost-net network devices

Argument `virnets` receives a JSON string of `NetworkInterfaceConfig`,
rather than `VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo`. It allows user to add any network
devices according to item's backend type.

Signed-off-by: Xuewei Niu <niuxuewei.nxw@antgroup.com>
---
 Cargo.lock            | 1208 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 Cargo.toml            |    1 +
 README.md             |   65 ++-
 src/api_client.rs     |    6 +-
 src/api_server.rs     |    9 +-
 src/cli_instance.rs   |   14 +-
 src/parser/args.rs    |    4 +-
 src/vmm_comm_trait.rs |    9 +-
 8 files changed, 1016 insertions(+), 300 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 627e64c..e124cbc 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2,21 +2,27 @@
 # It is not intended for manual editing.
 version = 3
 
-[[package]]
-name = "addr2line"
-version = "0.19.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a76fd60b23679b7d19bd066031410fb7e458ccc5e958eb5c325888ce4baedc97"
-dependencies = [
- "gimli",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "adler"
 version = "1.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f26201604c87b1e01bd3d98f8d5d9a8fcbb815e8cedb41ffccbeb4bf593a35fe"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "android-tzdata"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e999941b234f3131b00bc13c22d06e8c5ff726d1b6318ac7eb276997bbb4fef0"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "android_system_properties"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "819e7219dbd41043ac279b19830f2efc897156490d7fd6ea916720117ee66311"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
 version = "1.0.69"
@@ -59,19 +65,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d468802bab17cbc0cc575e9b053f41e72aa36bfa6b7f55e3529ffa43161b97fa"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "backtrace"
-version = "0.3.67"
+name = "base64"
+version = "0.21.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "233d376d6d185f2a3093e58f283f60f880315b6c60075b01f36b3b85154564ca"
-dependencies = [
- "addr2line",
- "cc",
- "cfg-if",
- "libc",
- "miniz_oxide",
- "object",
- "rustc-demangle",
-]
+checksum = "35636a1494ede3b646cc98f74f8e62c773a38a659ebc777a2cf26b9b74171df9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
@@ -79,6 +76,12 @@ version = "1.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "2.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "327762f6e5a765692301e5bb513e0d9fef63be86bbc14528052b1cd3e6f03e07"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "blake3"
 version = "1.3.3"
@@ -102,6 +105,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "generic-array",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bumpalo"
+version = "3.14.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7f30e7476521f6f8af1a1c4c0b8cc94f0bee37d91763d0ca2665f299b6cd8aec"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "byteorder"
 version = "1.4.3"
@@ -139,13 +148,27 @@ version = "1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "chrono"
+version = "0.4.31"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7f2c685bad3eb3d45a01354cedb7d5faa66194d1d58ba6e267a8de788f79db38"
+dependencies = [
+ "android-tzdata",
+ "iana-time-zone",
+ "js-sys",
+ "num-traits",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
 version = "4.1.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c3d7ae14b20b94cb02149ed21a86c423859cbe18dc7ed69845cace50e52b40a5"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "clap_derive",
  "clap_lex",
  "is-terminal",
@@ -164,7 +187,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -191,6 +214,16 @@ version = "0.2.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "13418e745008f7349ec7e449155f419a61b92b58a99cc3616942b926825ec76b"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "core-foundation"
+version = "0.9.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "194a7a9e6de53fa55116934067c844d9d749312f75c6f6d0980e8c252f8c2146"
+dependencies = [
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "core-foundation-sys"
 version = "0.8.3"
@@ -246,23 +279,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-address-space"
-version = "0.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6bcc37dc0b8ffae1c5911d13ae630dc7a9020fa0de0edd178d6ab71daf56c8fc"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
+ "lazy_static",
  "libc",
  "nix 0.23.2",
  "thiserror",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-allocator"
 version = "0.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "543711b94b4bc1437d2ebb45f856452e96a45a67ab39f8dcf8c887c2a3701004"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "thiserror",
 ]
@@ -270,8 +302,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-arch"
 version = "0.2.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "194c844946cd1d13f7a9eb29b84afbc5354578eee2b06fea96226bc3872e7424"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "kvm-bindings",
  "kvm-ioctls",
@@ -279,14 +310,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "memoffset",
  "thiserror",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-boot"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1a74a8c05a1674d3032e610b4f201c7440c345559bad3dfe6b455ce195785108"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "dbs-arch",
  "kvm-bindings",
@@ -321,14 +351,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "slog-stdlog",
  "slog-term",
  "thiserror",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-device"
 version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "14ecea44b4bc861c0c2ccb51868bea781286dc70e40ae46b54d4511e690a654a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "thiserror",
 ]
@@ -336,36 +365,34 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-interrupt"
 version = "0.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1eb2c5bb9f8f123ace33b1b2e8d53dd2d87331ee770ad1f82e56c3382c6bed6d"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "dbs-arch",
  "dbs-device",
  "kvm-bindings",
  "kvm-ioctls",
  "libc",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-legacy-devices"
 version = "0.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4d089ac1c4d186c8133be59de09462e9793f7add10017c5b040318a3a7f431f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "dbs-device",
  "dbs-utils",
+ "libc",
  "log",
  "serde",
  "vm-superio",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-upcall"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "699e62afa444ae4b00d474fd91bc37785ba050acdfbe179731c81898e32efc3f"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "dbs-utils",
@@ -378,8 +405,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-utils"
 version = "0.2.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0cb6ff873451b76e22789af7fbe1d0478c42c717f817e66908be7a3a2288068c"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "event-manager",
@@ -388,14 +414,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "thiserror",
  "timerfd",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dbs-virtio-devices"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "88e5c6c48b766afb95851b04b6b193871a59d0b2a3ed19990d4f8f651ae5c668"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
  "byteorder",
  "caps",
@@ -409,26 +434,39 @@ dependencies = [
  "kvm-ioctls",
  "libc",
  "log",
- "nix 0.23.2",
+ "nix 0.24.3",
  "nydus-api",
- "nydus-blobfs",
  "nydus-rafs",
+ "nydus-storage",
  "rlimit",
+ "sendfd",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror",
  "threadpool",
+ "vhost",
  "virtio-bindings",
  "virtio-queue",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derivative"
+version = "2.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fcc3dd5e9e9c0b295d6e1e4d811fb6f157d5ffd784b8d202fc62eac8035a770b"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "digest"
-version = "0.10.6"
+version = "0.10.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8168378f4e5023e7218c89c891c0fd8ecdb5e5e4f18cb78f38cf245dd021e76f"
+checksum = "9ed9a281f7bc9b7576e61468ba615a66a5c8cfdff42420a70aa82701a3b1e292"
 dependencies = [
  "block-buffer",
  "crypto-common",
@@ -459,8 +497,9 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "dragonball"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#ee5dda012b3a8dca08eb1eea32ddac37b5355fd6"
+source = "git+https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers?branch=main#f18794d88079840a48c5080221563377142a3339"
 dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
  "arc-swap",
  "bytes",
  "crossbeam-channel",
@@ -474,6 +513,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "dbs-upcall",
  "dbs-utils",
  "dbs-virtio-devices",
+ "derivative",
+ "fuse-backend-rs",
  "kvm-bindings",
  "kvm-ioctls",
  "lazy_static",
@@ -481,6 +522,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "linux-loader",
  "log",
  "nix 0.24.3",
+ "procfs 0.12.0",
+ "prometheus",
  "seccompiler",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
@@ -488,9 +531,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "slog",
  "slog-scope",
  "thiserror",
+ "tracing",
  "virtio-queue",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "encoding_rs"
+version = "0.8.33"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7268b386296a025e474d5140678f75d6de9493ae55a5d709eeb9dd08149945e1"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -499,7 +552,7 @@ version = "4.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "20df693c700404f7e19d4d6fae6b15215d2913c27955d2b9d6f2c0f537511cd0"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "libc",
 ]
 
@@ -514,6 +567,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "winapi",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "errno"
+version = "0.3.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7c18ee0ed65a5f1f81cac6b1d213b69c35fa47d4252ad41f1486dbd8226fe36e"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "errno-dragonfly"
 version = "0.1.2"
@@ -531,9 +594,15 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "377fa591135fbe23396a18e2655a6d5481bf7c5823cdfa3cc81b01a229cbe640"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fastrand"
+version = "2.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "25cbce373ec4653f1a01a31e8a5e5ec0c622dc27ff9c4e6606eefef5cbbed4a5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "filetime"
 version = "0.2.20"
@@ -542,8 +611,8 @@ checksum = "8a3de6e8d11b22ff9edc6d916f890800597d60f8b2da1caf2955c274638d6412"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
- "redox_syscall",
- "windows-sys",
+ "redox_syscall 0.2.16",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -557,14 +626,44 @@ dependencies = [
  "miniz_oxide",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fnv"
+version = "1.0.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3f9eec918d3f24069decb9af1554cad7c880e2da24a9afd88aca000531ab82c1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "foreign-types"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f6f339eb8adc052cd2ca78910fda869aefa38d22d5cb648e6485e4d3fc06f3b1"
+dependencies = [
+ "foreign-types-shared",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "foreign-types-shared"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "00b0228411908ca8685dba7fc2cdd70ec9990a6e753e89b6ac91a84c40fbaf4b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "form_urlencoded"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a62bc1cf6f830c2ec14a513a9fb124d0a213a629668a4186f329db21fe045652"
+dependencies = [
+ "percent-encoding",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fuse-backend-rs"
-version = "0.10.2"
+version = "0.10.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "08af89cb80a7c5693bd63a2b1ee7ac31a307670977c18fda036b3aa94be8c47f"
+checksum = "f85357722be4bf3d0b7548bedf7499686c77628c2c61cb99c6519463f7a9e5f0"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "caps",
  "core-foundation-sys",
  "lazy_static",
@@ -572,25 +671,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "mio",
  "nix 0.24.3",
- "tokio-uring",
  "virtio-queue",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.10.0",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "futures"
-version = "0.3.27"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "531ac96c6ff5fd7c62263c5e3c67a603af4fcaee2e1a0ae5565ba3a11e69e549"
-dependencies = [
- "futures-channel",
- "futures-core",
- "futures-executor",
- "futures-io",
- "futures-sink",
- "futures-task",
- "futures-util",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -600,7 +683,6 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "164713a5a0dcc3e7b4b1ed7d3b433cabc18025386f9339346e8daf15963cf7ac"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
- "futures-sink",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -609,34 +691,12 @@ version = "0.3.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "86d7a0c1aa76363dac491de0ee99faf6941128376f1cf96f07db7603b7de69dd"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "futures-executor"
-version = "0.3.27"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1997dd9df74cdac935c76252744c1ed5794fac083242ea4fe77ef3ed60ba0f83"
-dependencies = [
- "futures-core",
- "futures-task",
- "futures-util",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-io"
 version = "0.3.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "89d422fa3cbe3b40dca574ab087abb5bc98258ea57eea3fd6f1fa7162c778b91"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "futures-macro"
-version = "0.3.27"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3eb14ed937631bd8b8b8977f2c198443447a8355b6e3ca599f38c975e5a963b6"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-sink"
 version = "0.3.27"
@@ -655,11 +715,8 @@ version = "0.3.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3ef6b17e481503ec85211fed8f39d1970f128935ca1f814cd32ac4a6842e84ab"
 dependencies = [
- "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-io",
- "futures-macro",
- "futures-sink",
  "futures-task",
  "memchr",
  "pin-project-lite",
@@ -689,10 +746,29 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "gimli"
-version = "0.27.2"
+name = "h2"
+version = "0.3.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ad0a93d233ebf96623465aad4046a8d3aa4da22d4f4beba5388838c8a434bbb4"
+checksum = "91fc23aa11be92976ef4729127f1a74adf36d8436f7816b185d18df956790833"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "fnv",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-sink",
+ "futures-util",
+ "http",
+ "indexmap",
+ "slab",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-util",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.12.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8a9ee70c43aaf417c914396645a0fa852624801b24ebb7ae78fe8272889ac888"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "heck"
@@ -730,12 +806,129 @@ version = "0.4.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7f24254aa9a54b5c858eaee2f5bccdb46aaf0e486a595ed5fd8f86ba55232a70"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hmac"
+version = "0.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6c49c37c09c17a53d937dfbb742eb3a961d65a994e6bcdcf37e7399d0cc8ab5e"
+dependencies = [
+ "digest",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "http"
+version = "0.2.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8947b1a6fad4393052c7ba1f4cd97bed3e953a95c79c92ad9b051a04611d9fbb"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "fnv",
+ "itoa",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "http-body"
+version = "0.4.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d5f38f16d184e36f2408a55281cd658ecbd3ca05cce6d6510a176eca393e26d1"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "http",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "httparse"
+version = "1.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d897f394bad6a705d5f4104762e116a75639e470d80901eed05a860a95cb1904"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "httpdate"
 version = "1.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c4a1e36c821dbe04574f602848a19f742f4fb3c98d40449f11bcad18d6b17421"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hyper"
+version = "0.14.27"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ffb1cfd654a8219eaef89881fdb3bb3b1cdc5fa75ded05d6933b2b382e395468"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-util",
+ "h2",
+ "http",
+ "http-body",
+ "httparse",
+ "httpdate",
+ "itoa",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "socket2",
+ "tokio",
+ "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
+ "want",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hyper-tls"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d6183ddfa99b85da61a140bea0efc93fdf56ceaa041b37d553518030827f9905"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "hyper",
+ "native-tls",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-native-tls",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "iana-time-zone"
+version = "0.1.58"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8326b86b6cff230b97d0d312a6c40a60726df3332e721f72a1b035f451663b20"
+dependencies = [
+ "android_system_properties",
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "iana-time-zone-haiku",
+ "js-sys",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "windows-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "iana-time-zone-haiku"
+version = "0.1.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f31827a206f56af32e590ba56d5d2d085f558508192593743f16b2306495269f"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "idna"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7d20d6b07bfbc108882d88ed8e37d39636dcc260e15e30c45e6ba089610b917c"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-bidi",
+ "unicode-normalization",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "indexmap"
+version = "1.9.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bd070e393353796e801d209ad339e89596eb4c8d430d18ede6a1cced8fafbd99"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "hashbrown",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "io-lifetimes"
 version = "1.0.6"
@@ -743,7 +936,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cfa919a82ea574332e2de6e74b4c36e74d41982b335080fa59d4ef31be20fdf3"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -752,10 +945,16 @@ version = "0.5.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd1e1a01cfb924fd8c5c43b6827965db394f5a3a16c599ce03452266e1cf984c"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ipnet"
+version = "2.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f518f335dce6725a761382244631d86cf0ccb2863413590b31338feb467f9c3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "is-terminal"
 version = "0.4.4"
@@ -764,8 +963,8 @@ checksum = "21b6b32576413a8e69b90e952e4a026476040d81017b80445deda5f2d3921857"
 dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi 0.3.3",
  "io-lifetimes",
- "rustix",
- "windows-sys",
+ "rustix 0.36.9",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -783,13 +982,22 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "js-sys"
+version = "0.3.65"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "54c0c35952f67de54bb584e9fd912b3023117cbafc0a77d8f3dee1fb5f572fe8"
+dependencies = [
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "kvm-bindings"
 version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "efe70e65a5b092161d17f5005b66e5eefe7a94a70c332e755036fc4af78c4e79"
 dependencies = [
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -800,7 +1008,7 @@ checksum = "c3a321cabd827642499c77e27314f388dd83a717a5ca716b86476fb947f73ae4"
 dependencies = [
  "kvm-bindings",
  "libc",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.11.1",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -809,22 +1017,11 @@ version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e2abad23fbc42b3700f2f279844dc832adb2b2eb069b2df918f455c4e18cc646"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "leaky-bucket"
-version = "0.12.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "79e0d52231827974ba682f6257fd42a2f79749689f7ca0d763e198a0f7051c91"
-dependencies = [
- "parking_lot",
- "tokio",
- "tracing",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.140"
+version = "0.2.150"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "99227334921fae1a979cf0bfdfcc6b3e5ce376ef57e16fb6fb3ea2ed6095f80c"
+checksum = "89d92a4743f9a61002fae18374ed11e7973f530cb3a3255fb354818118b2203c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libz-sys"
@@ -841,9 +1038,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "linux-loader"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.8.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "62a2f912deca034ec34b0a43a390059ea98daac40e440ebe8bea88f3315fe168"
+checksum = "b9259ddbfbb52cc918f6bbc60390004ddd0228cf1d85f402009ff2b3d95de83f"
 dependencies = [
  "vm-memory",
 ]
@@ -854,6 +1051,12 @@ version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f051f77a7c8e6957c0696eac88f26b0117e54f52d3fc682ab19397a8812846a4"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "linux-raw-sys"
+version = "0.4.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "969488b55f8ac402214f3f5fd243ebb7206cf82de60d3172994707a4bcc2b829"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lock_api"
 version = "0.4.9"
@@ -908,6 +1111,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "mime"
+version = "0.3.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6877bb514081ee2a7ff5ef9de3281f14a4dd4bceac4c09388074a6b5df8a139a"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "miniz_oxide"
 version = "0.6.2"
@@ -926,16 +1135,34 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
  "wasi",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "nix"
-version = "0.23.2"
+name = "native-tls"
+version = "0.2.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8f3790c00a0150112de0f4cd161e3d7fc4b2d8a5542ffc35f099a2562aecb35c"
+checksum = "07226173c32f2926027b63cce4bcd8076c3552846cbe7925f3aaffeac0a3b92e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+ "log",
+ "openssl",
+ "openssl-probe",
+ "openssl-sys",
+ "schannel",
+ "security-framework",
+ "security-framework-sys",
+ "tempfile",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "nix"
+version = "0.23.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f3790c00a0150112de0f4cd161e3d7fc4b2d8a5542ffc35f099a2562aecb35c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "cc",
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
@@ -948,12 +1175,21 @@ version = "0.24.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fa52e972a9a719cecb6864fb88568781eb706bac2cd1d4f04a648542dbf78069"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
  "memoffset",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "num-traits"
+version = "0.2.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "39e3200413f237f41ab11ad6d161bc7239c84dcb631773ccd7de3dfe4b5c267c"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num_cpus"
 version = "1.15.0"
@@ -975,110 +1211,77 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "nydus-api"
-version = "0.2.2"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1899def1a22ed32b1d60de4e444f525c4023a208ee0d1136a65399cff82837ce"
+checksum = "c64c62d8a36c10b654b87246a39861b2c05f68e96ab3b2f002f5a54f406d5e0e"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
- "nydus-error",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "toml",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "nydus-blobfs"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "784cf6e1319da7a94734987dcc71d2940f74231256922431a505c832fc778dd3"
-dependencies = [
- "fuse-backend-rs",
- "libc",
- "log",
- "nydus-api",
- "nydus-error",
- "nydus-rafs",
- "nydus-storage",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
- "vm-memory",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "nydus-error"
-version = "0.2.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae2ec1efd1589377dbefca6b1047294c71b2fbab164d93319f97b20faae92001"
-dependencies = [
- "backtrace",
- "httpdate",
- "libc",
- "log",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "nydus-rafs"
-version = "0.2.2"
+version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e0ace6945daa16842e72e9fe7647e2b8715856f50f07350cce82bd68db1ed02c"
+checksum = "adde865ef71c91c5f139c4c05ca5aedb6fbd53f530d646b13409ac5220b85467"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "arc-swap",
- "bitflags",
- "blake3",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "fuse-backend-rs",
- "futures",
  "lazy_static",
  "libc",
  "log",
- "lz4-sys",
  "nix 0.24.3",
  "nydus-api",
- "nydus-error",
  "nydus-storage",
  "nydus-utils",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
- "spmc",
  "vm-memory",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "nydus-storage"
-version = "0.6.2"
+version = "0.6.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e08bc5ea9054fca2ec8b19dcce25ea600679b7fbf035aad86cfe4a659002c88b"
+checksum = "4023f15303dbbda47797d07e9acd2045862ce82c7e28cd66f70b09bda5584cbb"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
- "bitflags",
+ "base64",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "fuse-backend-rs",
  "hex",
+ "hmac",
+ "httpdate",
  "lazy_static",
- "leaky-bucket",
  "libc",
  "log",
  "nix 0.24.3",
  "nydus-api",
- "nydus-error",
  "nydus-utils",
+ "reqwest",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "sha1",
  "tar",
  "tokio",
+ "url",
  "vm-memory",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "nydus-utils"
-version = "0.4.1"
+version = "0.4.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d1e681d7207a1ec500323d5ca39ebb7e381fc4f14db5ff0c532c18ff1226a81f"
+checksum = "c1f7bcde0f3906cf49101f2d40e485b0155eee97e3358eefd4783448c4f69c96"
 dependencies = [
  "blake3",
  "flate2",
+ "httpdate",
  "lazy_static",
  "libc",
  "libz-sys",
@@ -1086,7 +1289,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "lz4",
  "lz4-sys",
  "nix 0.24.3",
- "nydus-error",
+ "nydus-api",
+ "openssl",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2",
@@ -1095,19 +1299,64 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "object"
-version = "0.30.3"
+name = "once_cell"
+version = "1.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea86265d3d3dcb6a27fc51bd29a4bf387fae9d2986b823079d4986af253eb439"
+checksum = "b7e5500299e16ebb147ae15a00a942af264cf3688f47923b8fc2cd5858f23ad3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "openssl"
+version = "0.10.59"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7a257ad03cd8fb16ad4172fedf8094451e1af1c4b70097636ef2eac9a5f0cc33"
 dependencies = [
- "memchr",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "foreign-types",
+ "libc",
+ "once_cell",
+ "openssl-macros",
+ "openssl-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "once_cell"
-version = "1.17.1"
+name = "openssl-macros"
+version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b7e5500299e16ebb147ae15a00a942af264cf3688f47923b8fc2cd5858f23ad3"
+checksum = "a948666b637a0f465e8564c73e89d4dde00d72d4d473cc972f390fc3dcee7d9c"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.12",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "openssl-probe"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ff011a302c396a5197692431fc1948019154afc178baf7d8e37367442a4601cf"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "openssl-src"
+version = "300.1.6+3.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "439fac53e092cd7442a3660c85dde4643ab3b5bd39040912388dcdabf6b88085"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "openssl-sys"
+version = "0.9.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "40a4130519a360279579c2053038317e40eff64d13fd3f004f9e1b72b8a6aaf9"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "libc",
+ "openssl-src",
+ "pkg-config",
+ "vcpkg",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "os_str_bytes"
@@ -1133,11 +1382,17 @@ checksum = "9069cbb9f99e3a5083476ccb29ceb1de18b9118cafa53e90c9551235de2b9521"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
- "redox_syscall",
+ "redox_syscall 0.2.16",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "percent-encoding"
+version = "2.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9b2a4787296e9989611394c33f193f676704af1686e70b8f8033ab5ba9a35a94"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-lite"
 version = "0.2.9"
@@ -1165,7 +1420,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error-attr",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
  "version_check",
 ]
 
@@ -1189,6 +1444,57 @@ dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "procfs"
+version = "0.12.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0941606b9934e2d98a3677759a971756eb821f75764d0e0d26946d08e74d9104"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "byteorder",
+ "chrono",
+ "flate2",
+ "hex",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "procfs"
+version = "0.14.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b1de8dacb0873f77e6aefc6d71e044761fcc68060290f5b1089fcdf84626bb69"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "byteorder",
+ "hex",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "rustix 0.36.9",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "prometheus"
+version = "0.13.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "449811d15fbdf5ceb5c1144416066429cf82316e2ec8ce0c1f6f8a02e7bbcf8c"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "fnv",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+ "memchr",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "procfs 0.14.2",
+ "protobuf",
+ "thiserror",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "protobuf"
+version = "2.28.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "106dd99e98437432fed6519dedecfade6a06a73bb7b2a1e019fdd2bee5778d94"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
 version = "1.0.26"
@@ -1204,7 +1510,16 @@ version = "0.2.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fb5a58c1855b4b6819d59012155603f0b22ad30cad752600aadfcb695265519a"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "redox_syscall"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4722d768eff46b75989dd134e5c353f0d6296e5aaa3132e776cbdb56be7731aa"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1214,10 +1529,48 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b033d837a7cf162d7993aded9304e30a83213c648b6e389db233191f891e5c2b"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom",
- "redox_syscall",
+ "redox_syscall 0.2.16",
  "thiserror",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "reqwest"
+version = "0.11.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "046cd98826c46c2ac8ddecae268eb5c2e58628688a5fc7a2643704a73faba95b"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64",
+ "bytes",
+ "encoding_rs",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-util",
+ "h2",
+ "http",
+ "http-body",
+ "hyper",
+ "hyper-tls",
+ "ipnet",
+ "js-sys",
+ "log",
+ "mime",
+ "native-tls",
+ "once_cell",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_urlencoded",
+ "system-configuration",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-native-tls",
+ "tower-service",
+ "url",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "wasm-bindgen-futures",
+ "web-sys",
+ "winreg",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rlimit"
 version = "0.7.0"
@@ -1227,24 +1580,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rustc-demangle"
-version = "0.1.21"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ef03e0a2b150c7a90d01faf6254c9c48a41e95fb2a8c2ac1c6f0d2b9aefc342"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rustix"
 version = "0.36.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fd5c6ff11fecd55b40746d1995a02f2eb375bf8c00d192d521ee09f42bef37bc"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
- "errno",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "errno 0.2.8",
  "io-lifetimes",
  "libc",
- "linux-raw-sys",
- "windows-sys",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.1.4",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustix"
+version = "0.38.24"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9ad981d6c340a49cdc40a1028d9c6084ec7e9fa33fcb839cab656a267071e234"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "errno 0.3.6",
+ "libc",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.4.11",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1260,10 +1620,13 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f91339c0467de62360649f8d3e185ca8de4224ff281f66000de5eb2a77a79041"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "scoped-tls"
-version = "1.0.1"
+name = "schannel"
+version = "0.1.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e1cf6437eb19a8f4a6cc0f7dca544973b0b78843adbfeb3683d1a94a0024a294"
+checksum = "0c3733bf4cf7ea0880754e19cb5a462007c4a8c1914bff372ccc95b464f1df88"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "scopeguard"
@@ -1280,6 +1643,38 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "security-framework"
+version = "2.9.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05b64fb303737d99b81884b2c63433e9ae28abebe5eb5045dcdd175dc2ecf4de"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "core-foundation",
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "libc",
+ "security-framework-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "security-framework-sys"
+version = "2.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e932934257d3b408ed8f30db49d85ea163bfe74961f017f405b025af298f0c7a"
+dependencies = [
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "libc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sendfd"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "604b71b8fc267e13bb3023a2c901126c8f349393666a6d98ac1ae5729b701798"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
 version = "1.0.156"
@@ -1297,7 +1692,7 @@ checksum = "d7e29c4601e36bcec74a223228dce795f4cd3616341a4af93520ca1a837c087d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1311,6 +1706,29 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_urlencoded"
+version = "0.7.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3491c14715ca2294c4d6a88f15e84739788c1d030eed8c110436aafdaa2f3fd"
+dependencies = [
+ "form_urlencoded",
+ "itoa",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sha1"
+version = "0.10.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e3bf829a2d51ab4a5ddf1352d8470c140cadc8301b2ae1789db023f01cedd6ba"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures",
+ "digest",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "sha2"
 version = "0.10.6"
@@ -1400,12 +1818,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "winapi",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "spmc"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02a8428da277a8e3a15271d79943e80ccc2ef254e78813a166a08d65e4c3ece5"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
 version = "0.10.0"
@@ -1429,6 +1841,38 @@ dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "syn"
+version = "2.0.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "79d9531f94112cfc3e4c8f5f02cb2b58f72c97b7efd85f70203cc6d8efda5927"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "system-configuration"
+version = "0.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba3a3adc5c275d719af8cb4272ea1c4a6d668a777f37e115f6d11ddbc1c8e0e7"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "core-foundation",
+ "system-configuration-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "system-configuration-sys"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75fb188eb626b924683e3b95e3a48e63551fcfb51949de2f06a9d91dbee93c9"
+dependencies = [
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tar"
 version = "0.4.38"
@@ -1440,6 +1884,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "xattr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tempfile"
+version = "3.8.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7ef1adac450ad7f4b3c28589471ade84f25f731a7a0fe30d71dfa9f60fd808e5"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "fastrand",
+ "redox_syscall 0.4.1",
+ "rustix 0.38.24",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "term"
 version = "0.7.0"
@@ -1477,7 +1934,7 @@ checksum = "5420d42e90af0c38c3290abcca25b9b3bdf379fc9f55c528f53a269d9c9a267e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1534,9 +1991,24 @@ version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0664936efa25f2bbe03ca25b62c50f5f492abec07e59d6dcf45131014b33483f"
 dependencies = [
- "rustix",
+ "rustix 0.36.9",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tinyvec"
+version = "1.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "87cc5ceb3875bb20c2890005a4e226a4651264a5c75edb2421b52861a0a0cb50"
+dependencies = [
+ "tinyvec_macros",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tinyvec_macros"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
 version = "1.26.0"
@@ -1544,13 +2016,15 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "03201d01c3c27a29c8a5cee5b55a93ddae1ccf6f08f65365c2c918f8c1b76f64"
 dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
+ "bytes",
  "libc",
+ "memchr",
  "mio",
  "num_cpus",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "socket2",
  "tokio-macros",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.45.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1561,23 +2035,33 @@ checksum = "d266c00fde287f55d3f1c3e96c500c362a2b8c695076ec180f27918820bc6df8"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "tokio-uring"
-version = "0.4.0"
+name = "tokio-native-tls"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0d5e02bb137e030b3a547c65a3bd2f1836d66a97369fdcc69034002b10e155ef"
+checksum = "bbae76ab933c85776efabc971569dd6119c580d8f5d448769dec1764bf796ef2"
 dependencies = [
- "io-uring",
- "libc",
- "scoped-tls",
- "slab",
- "socket2",
+ "native-tls",
  "tokio",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tokio-util"
+version = "0.7.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "806fe8c2c87eccc8b3267cbae29ed3ab2d0bd37fca70ab622e46aaa9375ddb7d"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-sink",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "toml"
 version = "0.5.11"
@@ -1587,6 +2071,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tower-service"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b6bc1c9ce2b5135ac7f93c72918fc37feb872bdc6a5533a8b85eb4b86bfdae52"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing"
 version = "0.1.37"
@@ -1607,7 +2097,7 @@ checksum = "4017f8f45139870ca7e672686113917c71c7a6e02d4924eda67186083c03081a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1619,18 +2109,50 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "try-lock"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3528ecfd12c466c6f163363caf2d02a71161dd5e1cc6ae7b34207ea2d42d81ed"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "typenum"
 version = "1.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "497961ef93d974e23eb6f433eb5fe1b7930b659f06d12dec6fc44a8f554c0bba"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-bidi"
+version = "0.3.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "92888ba5573ff080736b3648696b70cafad7d250551175acbaa4e0385b3e1460"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
 version = "1.0.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e5464a87b239f13a63a501f2701565754bae92d243d4bb7eb12f6d57d2269bf4"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-normalization"
+version = "0.1.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c5713f0fc4b5db668a2ac63cdb7bb4469d8c9fed047b1d0292cc7b0ce2ba921"
+dependencies = [
+ "tinyvec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "url"
+version = "2.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "143b538f18257fac9cad154828a57c6bf5157e1aa604d4816b5995bf6de87ae5"
+dependencies = [
+ "form_urlencoded",
+ "idna",
+ "percent-encoding",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "vcpkg"
 version = "0.2.15"
@@ -1643,6 +2165,18 @@ version = "0.9.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "49874b5167b65d7193b8aba1567f5c7d93d001cafc34600cee003eda787e483f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "vhost"
+version = "0.6.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a6769e8dbf5276b4376439fbf36bb880d203bf614bf7ef444198edc24b5a9f35"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "libc",
+ "vm-memory",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "virtio-bindings"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -1651,14 +2185,14 @@ checksum = "3ff512178285488516ed85f15b5d0113a7cdb89e9e8a760b269ae4f02b84bd6b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "virtio-queue"
-version = "0.6.1"
+version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "435dd49c7b38419729afd43675850c7b5dc4728f2fabd70c7a9079a331e4f8c6"
+checksum = "3ba81e2bcc21c0d2fc5e6683e79367e26ad219197423a498df801d79d5ba77bd"
 dependencies = [
  "log",
  "virtio-bindings",
  "vm-memory",
- "vmm-sys-util 0.10.0",
+ "vmm-sys-util",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1669,9 +2203,9 @@ checksum = "f43fb5a6bd1a7d423ad72802801036719b7546cf847a103f8fe4575f5b0d45a6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vm-memory"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "583f213899e8a5eea23d9c507252d4bed5bc88f0ecbe0783262f80034630744b"
+checksum = "688a70366615b45575a424d9c665561c1b5ab2224d494f706b6a6812911a827c"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "libc",
@@ -1686,22 +2220,21 @@ checksum = "a4b5231d334edbc03b22704caa1a022e4c07491d6df736593f26094df8b04a51"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vmm-sys-util"
-version = "0.10.0"
+version = "0.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "08604d7be03eb26e33b3cee3ed4aef2bf550b305d1cca60e84da5d28d3790b62"
+checksum = "dd64fe09d8e880e600c324e7d664760a17f56e9672b7495a86381b49e4f72f46"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "libc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "vmm-sys-util"
-version = "0.11.1"
+name = "want"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dd64fe09d8e880e600c324e7d664760a17f56e9672b7495a86381b49e4f72f46"
+checksum = "bfa7760aed19e106de2c7c0b581b509f2f25d3dacaf737cb82ac61bc6d760b0e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
- "libc",
+ "try-lock",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1710,6 +2243,82 @@ version = "0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen"
+version = "0.2.88"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7daec296f25a1bae309c0cd5c29c4b260e510e6d813c286b19eaadf409d40fce"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "wasm-bindgen-macro",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
+version = "0.2.88"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e397f4664c0e4e428e8313a469aaa58310d302159845980fd23b0f22a847f217"
+dependencies = [
+ "bumpalo",
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.12",
+ "wasm-bindgen-shared",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-futures"
+version = "0.4.38"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9afec9963e3d0994cac82455b2b3502b81a7f40f9a0d32181f7528d9f4b43e02"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "js-sys",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "web-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
+version = "0.2.88"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5961017b3b08ad5f3fe39f1e79877f8ee7c23c5e5fd5eb80de95abc41f1f16b2"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
+version = "0.2.88"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c5353b8dab669f5e10f5bd76df26a9360c748f054f862ff5f3f8aae0c7fb3907"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.12",
+ "wasm-bindgen-backend",
+ "wasm-bindgen-shared",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
+version = "0.2.88"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0d046c5d029ba91a1ed14da14dca44b68bf2f124cfbaf741c54151fdb3e0750b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "web-sys"
+version = "0.3.65"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5db499c5f66323272151db0e666cd34f78617522fb0c1604d31a27c50c206a85"
+dependencies = [
+ "js-sys",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi"
 version = "0.3.9"
@@ -1741,13 +2350,31 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-core"
+version = "0.51.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f1f8cf84f35d2db49a46868f947758c7a1138116f7fac3bc844f43ade1292e64"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.45.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "75283be5efb2831d37ea142365f009c02ec203cd29a3ebecbc093d52315b66d0"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets",
+ "windows-targets 0.42.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "677d2418bec65e3338edb076e806bc1ec15693c5d0104683f2efe857f61056a9"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1756,13 +2383,28 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8e5180c00cd44c9b1c88adb3693291f1cd93605ded80c250a75d472756b4d071"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc",
- "windows_i686_gnu",
- "windows_i686_msvc",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.42.2",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.42.2",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.42.2",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.42.2",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.42.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a2fa6e2155d7247be68c096456083145c183cbbbc2764150dda45a87197940c"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.48.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1771,42 +2413,94 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "597a5118570b68bc08d8d59125332c54f1ba9d9adeedeef5b99b02ba2b0698f8"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e08e8864a60f06ef0d0ff4ba04124db8b0fb3be5776a5cd47641e942e58c4d43"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c61d927d8da41da96a81f029489353e68739737d3beca43145c8afec9a31a84f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "44d840b6ec649f480a41c8d80f9c65108b92d89345dd94027bfe06ac444d1060"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8de912b8b8feb55c064867cf047dda097f92d51efad5b491dfb98f6bbb70cb36"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "26d41b46a36d453748aedef1486d5c7a85db22e56aff34643984ea85514e94a3"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9aec5da331524158c6d1a4ac0ab1541149c0b9505fde06423b02f5ef0106b9f0"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winreg"
+version = "0.50.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "524e57b2c537c0f9b1e69f1965311ec12182b4122e45035b1508cd24d2adadb1"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "xattr"
 version = "0.2.3"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 7771c08..81466cc 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ dragonball = { git = "https://github.com/kata-containers/kata-containers", branc
     "virtio-fs",
     "virtio-vsock",
     "virtio-net",
+    "vhost-net",
     "hotplug",
     "dbs-upcall",
 ] }
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b77089f..3b18b02 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 > 
 > [[简体中文版]](README_zh.md)
 
-# 1. Examples:
+## Examples
 
 See all options:
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ See all options:
 ./dbs-cli --help
 ```
 
-A simple example:
+### Basic examples
 
 ```bash
 ./dbs-cli create \
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ Create a virtio-vsock tunnel for Guest-to-Host communication.
   --vsock /tmp/vsock.sock
 ```
 
-Create virtio-net devices.
+Create virtio-blk devices.
 
-> The type of the `--virnets` receives an array of VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo in the
+> The type of the `--virblks` receives an array of BlockDeviceConfigInfo in the
 > format of JSON.
 
 ```
@@ -79,26 +79,47 @@ Create virtio-net devices.
   --kernel-path ~/path/to/kernel/vmlinux.bin \
   --rootfs ~/path/to/rootfs/bionic.rootfs.ext4 \
   --boot-args "console=ttyS0 console=ttyS1 earlyprintk=ttyS1 tty0 reboot=k debug panic=1 pci=off root=/dev/vda1" \
-  --virnets "[{\"iface_id\":\"eth0\",\"host_dev_name\":\"tap0\",\"num_queues\":2,\"queue_size\":0,\"guest_mac\":\"43:2D:9C:13:71:48\",\"allow_duplicate_mac\":true}]"
+  --virblks '[{"drive_id":"testblk","device_type":"RawBlock","path_on_host":"/path/to/test.img","is_root_device":false,"is_read_only":false,"is_direct":false,"no_drop":false,"num_queues":1,"queue_size":1024}]' 
 ```
 
-Create virtio-blk devices.
+### Networking
 
-> The type of the `--virblks` receives an array of BlockDeviceConfigInfo in the
-> format of JSON.
+Start a Dragonball VMM with a virtio-based network device. `--virnets`
+receives an array of `NetworkInterfaceConfig` in the format of JSON.
 
 ```
-./dbs-cli create \
-  --log-file dbs-cli.log --log-level ERROR \
-  --kernel-path ~/path/to/kernel/vmlinux.bin \
-  --rootfs ~/path/to/rootfs/bionic.rootfs.ext4 \
-  --boot-args "console=ttyS0 console=ttyS1 earlyprintk=ttyS1 tty0 reboot=k debug panic=1 pci=off root=/dev/vda1" \
-  --virblks '[{"drive_id":"testblk","device_type":"RawBlock","path_on_host":"/path/to/test.img","is_root_device":false,"is_read_only":false,"is_direct":false,"no_drop":false,"num_queues":1,"queue_size":1024}]' 
+--virnets '[{"guest_mac":"43:2D:9C:13:71:48","backend":{"type":"vhost","iface_id":"eth0","host_dev_name":"tap0","allow_duplicate_mac":true}}]'
 ```
 
-# 2. Usage
+The supported network devices include:
 
-## 1. Create API Server and Update VM
+```
+// Virtio-net
+{
+	"guest_mac": "43:2D:9C:13:71:48",
+	"backend": {
+		"type": "virtio",
+		"iface_id": "eth0",
+		"host_dev_name": "tap0",
+		"allow_duplicate_mac": true
+	}
+}
+
+// Vhost-net
+{
+	"guest_mac": "43:2D:9C:13:71:48",
+	"backend": {
+		"type": "vhost",
+		"iface_id": "eth0",
+		"host_dev_name": "tap0",
+		"allow_duplicate_mac": true
+	}
+}
+```
+
+## Advanced Usage
+
+### Create API Server and Update VM
 
 An API Server could be created by adding `--api-sock-path [socket path]`  into dbs-cli creation command.
 
@@ -110,6 +131,8 @@ Cpu Hotplug via API Server:
 
 Create hot-plug virtio-net devices via API Server:
 
+**TODO: Needs to be updated**
+
 > The type of the `--hotplug-virnets` receives an array of
 > VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo in the format of JSON.
 
@@ -132,11 +155,11 @@ sudo ./dbs-cli  \
 
 TODO : add document for hot-plug virtio-fs
 
-## 2. Exit vm
+### Exit VM
 
-> If you want to exit vm, just input `reboot` in vm's console.
+If you want to exit vm, just input `reboot` in vm's console.
 
-## 3. For developers
+### For developers
 
 If you wish to modify some details or debug to figure out the fault of codes, you can do as follow to see whether the program act expectedly or not.
 
@@ -152,7 +175,7 @@ To see some help:
 cargo run -- --help
 ```
 
-## 3. Some off-topic remarks
+### Some off-topic remarks
 
 Regarding the dependency issue of the upstream library, it is recommended to build the `build` target of Makefile to avoid it temporally.
 
@@ -162,6 +185,6 @@ make build
 
 If the self-defined `dragonball` dependency is supposed to be used, please refer to [dependency document](docs/dependency.md)
 
-# License
+## License
 
 `DBS-CLI` is licensed under [Apache License](http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0), Version 2.0.
diff --git a/src/api_client.rs b/src/api_client.rs
index d8f7810..bfac8f5 100644
--- a/src/api_client.rs
+++ b/src/api_client.rs
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ fn request_cpu_resize(vcpu_resize_num: usize) -> Value {
     })
 }
 
-/// Insert virtio-net devices
-fn request_virtio_net(virtio_net_config: &str) -> Value {
+/// Insert virtio network devices
+fn request_virtio_net(net_config: &str) -> Value {
     json!({
         "action": "insert_virnets",
-        "config": virtio_net_config,
+        "config": net_config,
     })
 }
 
diff --git a/src/api_server.rs b/src/api_server.rs
index 609a8c3..797fcdd 100644
--- a/src/api_server.rs
+++ b/src/api_server.rs
@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
 use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, Sender};
-use dragonball::api::v1::{VmmRequest, VmmResponse};
+use dragonball::api::v1::{NetworkInterfaceConfig, VmmRequest, VmmResponse};
 use dragonball::device_manager::blk_dev_mgr::BlockDeviceConfigInfo;
 use dragonball::device_manager::fs_dev_mgr::FsMountConfigInfo;
-use dragonball::device_manager::virtio_net_dev_mgr::VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo;
 use dragonball::vcpu::VcpuResizeInfo;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
@@ -85,11 +84,11 @@ impl ApiServer {
                     Some(config_json) => config_json,
                     None => return Err(anyhow!("The config of virtio-net device is required")),
                 };
-                let configs: Vec<VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo> = serde_json::from_str(config_json)
-                    .context("Parse virtio-net device config from json")?;
+                let configs: Vec<NetworkInterfaceConfig> = serde_json::from_str(config_json)
+                    .context("Parse NetworkInterfaceConfig from JSON")?;
                 for config in configs.iter() {
                     self.insert_virnet(config.clone())
-                        .context("Insert a virtio-net device to the Dragonball")?;
+                        .context("Insert a virtio device to the Dragonball")?;
                 }
             }
             Some("insert_virblks") => {
diff --git a/src/cli_instance.rs b/src/cli_instance.rs
index b00341c..343a5b2 100644
--- a/src/cli_instance.rs
+++ b/src/cli_instance.rs
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
 
 use dragonball::{
     api::v1::{
-        BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, InstanceInfo, VmmRequest, VmmResponse,
-        VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
+        BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, InstanceInfo, NetworkInterfaceConfig, VmmRequest,
+        VmmResponse, VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
     },
     device_manager::fs_dev_mgr::FsDeviceConfigInfo,
-    device_manager::virtio_net_dev_mgr::VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo,
     vm::{CpuTopology, VmConfigInfo},
 };
 
@@ -154,12 +153,15 @@ impl CliInstance {
                 .expect("failed to set vsock socket path");
         }
 
+        // Virtio devices
         if !args.virnets.is_empty() {
-            let configs: Vec<VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo> = serde_json::from_str(&args.virnets)
-                .expect("failed to parse virtio-net devices from JSON");
+            let configs: Vec<NetworkInterfaceConfig> = serde_json::from_str(&args.virnets)
+                .unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+                    panic!("Failed to parse NetworkInterfaceConfig from JSON: {}", err)
+                });
             for config in configs.into_iter() {
                 self.insert_virnet(config)
-                    .expect("failed to insert a virtio-net device");
+                    .expect("Failed to insert a virtio device");
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/parser/args.rs b/src/parser/args.rs
index 2d775c9..b97cb5a 100644
--- a/src/parser/args.rs
+++ b/src/parser/args.rs
@@ -148,9 +148,7 @@ pub struct CreateArgs {
         long,
         value_parser,
         default_value = "",
-        help = r#"Insert virtio-net devices into the Dragonball. 
-The type of it is an array of VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo, e.g.
-    --virnets '[{"iface_id":"eth0","host_dev_name":"tap0","num_queues":2,"queue_size":0,"allow_duplicate_mac":true}]'"#,
+        help = r#"Insert virtio devices into the Dragonball before launched. The supported devices are virtio-net and vhost-net."#,
         display_order = 2
     )]
     pub virnets: String,
diff --git a/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs b/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
index 33d71b2..aba98f8 100644
--- a/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
+++ b/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
@@ -6,11 +6,10 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use dragonball::{
     api::v1::{
-        BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, VmmAction, VmmActionError, VmmData, VmmRequest,
-        VmmResponse, VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
+        BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, NetworkInterfaceConfig, VmmAction, VmmActionError,
+        VmmData, VmmRequest, VmmResponse, VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
     },
     device_manager::fs_dev_mgr::{FsDeviceConfigInfo, FsMountConfigInfo},
-    device_manager::virtio_net_dev_mgr::VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo,
     vcpu::VcpuResizeInfo,
     vm::VmConfigInfo,
 };
@@ -135,9 +134,9 @@ pub trait VMMComm {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn insert_virnet(&self, config: VirtioNetDeviceConfigInfo) -> Result<()> {
+    fn insert_virnet(&self, config: NetworkInterfaceConfig) -> Result<()> {
         self.handle_request(Request::Sync(VmmAction::InsertNetworkDevice(config)))
-            .context("Request to insert a virtio-net device")?;
+            .context("Request to insert a virtio device")?;
         Ok(())
     }
 

From d2637b30626bfa08c4b2dd8c329685bd83c071b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xuewei Niu <niuxuewei.nxw@antgroup.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Nov 2023 10:56:16 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Minor changes for studychao's comments

- Errors have net device type and name.
- Formating the import blocks of  "vmm_comm_trait.rs".

Signed-off-by: Xuewei Niu <niuxuewei.nxw@antgroup.com>
---
 src/api_server.rs     |  9 +++++++--
 src/utils.rs          | 14 ++++++++++++++
 src/vmm_comm_trait.rs | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 3 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/api_server.rs b/src/api_server.rs
index 797fcdd..8003f29 100644
--- a/src/api_server.rs
+++ b/src/api_server.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use dragonball::vcpu::VcpuResizeInfo;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
 
+use crate::utils;
 use crate::vmm_comm_trait::VMMComm;
 
 pub struct ApiServer {
@@ -87,8 +88,12 @@ impl ApiServer {
                 let configs: Vec<NetworkInterfaceConfig> = serde_json::from_str(config_json)
                     .context("Parse NetworkInterfaceConfig from JSON")?;
                 for config in configs.iter() {
-                    self.insert_virnet(config.clone())
-                        .context("Insert a virtio device to the Dragonball")?;
+                    self.insert_virnet(config.clone()).with_context(|| {
+                        format!(
+                            "Insert a {} device to the Dragonball",
+                            utils::net_device_name(config)
+                        )
+                    })?;
                 }
             }
             Some("insert_virblks") => {
diff --git a/src/utils.rs b/src/utils.rs
index b8e4f72..63a1c0a 100644
--- a/src/utils.rs
+++ b/src/utils.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use dragonball::api::v1::NetworkInterfaceConfig;
 use slog::Drain;
 use slog::*;
 use slog_scope::set_global_logger;
@@ -25,3 +26,16 @@ pub fn setup_db_log(log_file_path: &String, log_level: &str) {
     guard.cancel_reset();
     slog_stdlog::init().unwrap();
 }
+
+#[inline]
+/// Get net device name from `NetworkInterfaceConfig`.
+pub(crate) fn net_device_name(config: &NetworkInterfaceConfig) -> String {
+    match &config.backend {
+        dragonball::api::v1::Backend::Virtio(config) => {
+            format!("virtio-net({})", config.host_dev_name)
+        }
+        dragonball::api::v1::Backend::Vhost(config) => {
+            format!("vhost-net({})", config.host_dev_name)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs b/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
index aba98f8..55d889a 100644
--- a/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
+++ b/src/vmm_comm_trait.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
-use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, Sender};
-use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
-
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
-use dragonball::{
-    api::v1::{
-        BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, NetworkInterfaceConfig, VmmAction, VmmActionError,
-        VmmData, VmmRequest, VmmResponse, VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
-    },
-    device_manager::fs_dev_mgr::{FsDeviceConfigInfo, FsMountConfigInfo},
-    vcpu::VcpuResizeInfo,
-    vm::VmConfigInfo,
+use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
+use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, Sender};
+use dragonball::api::v1::{
+    BlockDeviceConfigInfo, BootSourceConfig, NetworkInterfaceConfig, VmmAction, VmmActionError,
+    VmmData, VmmRequest, VmmResponse, VsockDeviceConfigInfo,
 };
+use dragonball::device_manager::fs_dev_mgr::{FsDeviceConfigInfo, FsMountConfigInfo};
+use dragonball::vcpu::VcpuResizeInfo;
+use dragonball::vm::VmConfigInfo;
+use vmm_sys_util::eventfd::EventFd;
+
+use crate::utils;
 
 pub enum Request {
     Sync(VmmAction),
@@ -135,8 +134,15 @@ pub trait VMMComm {
     }
 
     fn insert_virnet(&self, config: NetworkInterfaceConfig) -> Result<()> {
-        self.handle_request(Request::Sync(VmmAction::InsertNetworkDevice(config)))
-            .context("Request to insert a virtio device")?;
+        self.handle_request(Request::Sync(VmmAction::InsertNetworkDevice(
+            config.clone(),
+        )))
+        .with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "Request to insert a {} device",
+                utils::net_device_name(&config)
+            )
+        })?;
         Ok(())
     }