BLE Battery Management Systems for Home Assistant

This integration allows to monitor Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) battery management systems (BMS) from within Home Assistant. After installation, no configuration is required. You can use the ESPHome Bluetooth proxy to extend the bluetooth coverage range. By using standard dashboard cards, it is easy to visualize the current state of remote batteries.

Features

• Zero configuration
• Autodetects compatible batteries
• Supports ESPHome Bluetooth proxy (limit: 3 devices/proxy)
• Any number of batteries in parallel
• Native Home Assistant integration (works with all HA installation methods)
• Readout of individual cell voltages to be able to judge battery health

Supported Devices

• CBT Power BMS, Creabest batteries
• D-powercore BMS (show up as DXB-…), Fliteboard batteries (show up as TBA-…)
• Daly BMS (show up as DL-…)
• E&J Technology BMS
  • Supervolt v1 batteries
  • Elektronicx batteries (show up as LT-…)
• Ective batteries
• JBD BMS, Jiabaida
  • accurat batteries
  • Supervolt v3 batteries
• JK BMS, Jikong, (HW version >=11 required)
• Offgridtec LiFePo4 Smart Pro: type A & B (show up as SmartBat-A… or SmartBat-B…)
• LiTime, Power Queen, and Redodo batteries
• Seplos v3 (show up as SP0… or SP1…)

New device types can be easily added via the plugin architecture of this integration. See the contribution guidelines for details.

Provided Information

Caution

This integration (including Home Assistant) shall not be used for safety relevant operations! The correctness or availability of data cannot be guaranteed (see warranty section of the license), since the implementation is mostly based on openly available information or non-validated vendor specifications. Further, issues with the Bluetooth connection, e.g. disturbances, can lead to unavailable or incorrect values.

Do not rely on the values to control actions that prevent battery damage, overheating (fire), or similar.

Platform	Description	Unit	Details
binary_sensor	battery charging	bool	indicates True if battery is charging
sensor	charge cycles	#	lifetime number of charge cycles
sensor	current	A	positive for charging, negative for discharging
sensor	delta voltage	V	maximum difference between any two cells; individual cell voltage are available as attribute to this sensor
sensor	power	W	positive for charging, negative for discharging
sensor	runtime	s	remaining discharge time till SoC 0%, unavailable during idle/charging
sensor	SoC	%	state of charge, range 100% (full) to 0% (battery empty)
sensor	stored energy	Wh	currently stored energy
sensor	temperature	°C	individual temperature values are available as attribute to this sensor, if the BMS supports multiple sensors
sensor	voltage	V	overall battery voltage
sensor*	link quality	%	successful BMS queries from the last hundred update periods
sensor*	RSSI	dBm	received signal strength indicator

*) In case sensors are reported unavailable please enable the diagnostic sensors, i.e. RSSI and link quality and check your connection quality. The value of link quality results from (temporarily) bad RSSI values, which are impacted by disturbances of the Bluetooth communication.

Quality	link quality [%]	RSSI [dBm]
excellent	98 to 100	-50 to high
good	90 to 98	-60 to -70
fair	80 to 90	-70 to -80
weak	60 to 80	-80 to -90
bad	0 to 60	-90 to low

Installation

Automatic

Installation can be done using HACS by adding a custom repository.

Manual

1. Using the tool of choice open the directory (folder) for your HA configuration (where you find configuration.yaml).
2. If you do not have a custom_components directory (folder) there, you need to create it.
3. In the custom_components directory (folder) create a new folder called bms_ble.
4. Download all the files from the custom_components/bms_ble/ directory (folder) in this repository.
5. Place the files you downloaded in the new directory (folder) you created.
6. Restart Home Assistant
7. In the HA UI go to "Configuration" -> "Integrations" click "+" and search for "BLE Battery Management"

FAQ

My sensors show unknown/unavailable at startup!

The polling interval is 30 seconds. So at startup it takes a few minutes to detect the battery and query the sensors. Then data will be available.

Can I have the runtime in human readable format (using days)?

Yes, you can use a template sensor or a card to show templates, e.g. Mushroom template card with the following template:
{{ timedelta(seconds=int(states("sensor.smartbat_..._runtime"), 0)) }} results in e,g, 4 days, 4:20:00

How do I get the cell voltages as individual sensor for tracking?

The individual voltages are available as attribute to the delta voltage sensor. Click the sensor and at the bottom of the graph expand the attribute section. Alternatively, you can also find them in the developer tools. To create individual sensors, go to Settings > Devices & Services > Helper and add a template sensor for each cell you want to monitor. Fill the configuration for, e.g. the first cell (0), as follows:

Field	Content
State template	{{ iif(has_value("sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage"), state_attr("sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage", "cell_voltages")[0], None) }} The index [0] can be in the range from 0 to the number of cells-1, i.e. 0-3 for a 4 cell battery.
Unit of measurement	V
Device class	Voltage
State class	Measurement
Device	smartbat_...

or add the following snippet to your configuration.yaml:

template:
  - sensor:
    - name: cell_voltage_0
      state: >-
        {{ state_attr('sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage', 'cell_voltages')[0] }}
      unit_of_measurement: 'V'
      state_class: measurement
      device_class: voltage
      availability: >- 
        {{ has_value('sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage') }}

I want to know the maximum cell voltage!

Please follow the explanations in the previous question but use the following:

Field	Content
State template	{%- if has_value("sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage") %} {{ state_attr("sensor.smartbat_..._delta_voltage", "cell_voltages") | max }} {% else %} None {% endif -%}

There are plenty more functions you can use, e.g. min, and the full power of templating.

I need a discharge sensor not the charging indicator, can I have that?

Sure, use, e.g. a threshold sensor based on the current to/from the battery. Negative means discharging, positiv is charging.

My BMS needs a pin, how can I enter it?

Then you need to pair your device first. This is procedure is only required once for each device.

• Open a terminal to Home Assistant.
• Use the command bluetoothctl devices to check that your devices is detected and
• run bluetoothctl pair <MAC_of_BMS> to start pairing the device.

Once pairing is done, the integration should automatically detect the BMS.

Troubleshooting

If your device is not recognized

1. Check that your BMS type is listed as supported device
2. Make sure that no other device is connected to the BMS, e.g. app on your phone
3. Check that your are running the latest release of the integration
4. Open a terminal to Home Assistant and verify that your BMS is listed in the ouput of the command bluetoothctl devices. Try to connect to the BMS using bluetoothctl connect <MAC>.
5. If you use a BT proxy, make sure you have set active: true and that you do not exced the BT proxy limit of 3 devices/proxy; check the logs of the proxy if the device is recognized.

In case you have severe troubles

• please enable the debug protocol for the BLE Battery Management integration,
• restart Home Assistant and reproduce the issue,
• disable the log (Home Assistant will prompt you to download the log), and finally
• open an issue with a good description of what happened and attach the log.

Outlook

• Clean-up of translations
• Implement status report of the BMS, e.g. warnings, errors as (single) binary sensor (ok, not ok)
• Add option to only have temporary connections (lowers reliability, but helps running more devices via ESPHome Bluetooth proxy)
• Add further battery types on request

Thanks to

@gkathan, @downset, @gerritb, @Goaheadz, @alros100, @majonessyltetoy, @snipah, @Gruni22, @azisto, @BikeAtor, @Karatzie, @SkeLLLa,@romanshypovskyi, @hacsler

for helping with making the integration better.

References

• Home Assistant Add-on: BatMON
• Daly BMS: esp32-smart-bms-simulation
• Jikong BMS: esphome-jk-bms
• JBD BMS: esphome-jbd-bms
• D-powercore BMS: Strom BMS monitor