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<p>在互联网行业，会有一些常用的数据指标和常见的数据分析方法包括：事件分析，留存分析，漏斗分析，分布分析，路径分析，LTV分析等。在做数据分析，数据报表时，通常用SQL来计算这些数据指标或者实现这些数据分析方法。</p>
<p>下面模拟一个简单的用户行为事件表。基于这个事件表，用SQL来实现常见的数据指标和数据分析方法。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token comment"># 用户行为事件表</span>
<span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">TABLE</span> Events <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
user_id <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event_name <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event_time <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="事件量，用户量">事件量，用户量</h4>
<p>一段时间内的事件量。在真实的大数据分析场景，因为数据量比较大，通常一定是需要限定时间范围的。而且时间字段通常用来作为分区表的分区字段，比如：按天分区。</p>
<p>一段时间内的用户量就是总事件量按用户做去重处理。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token comment"># 一段时间内的总事件量</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token function">count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 00:00:00'</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-08 00:00:00'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment"># 一段时间内的总用户量</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token function">count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 00:00:00'</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-08 00:00:00'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="dau，uv，pv">DAU，UV，PV</h4>
<p>数据分析中经常需要按天展示DAU，在Web侧通常称为UV。或者按天展示PV，APP侧不太讲PV这个概念。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token comment"># 一段时间内特定事件的按天DAU</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event_name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"play"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-01 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-08 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment"># 一段时间内特定事件的按天PV或者说事件量</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event_name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"play"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-01 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-08 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>以上SQL直接通过<code>GROUP BY</code>按天展示数据的一个问题是：如果某一天没有数据，那么在SQL查询的结果中就不会出现该天的数据。但因为最终的数据是要拿来做展示的，所以如果某天没有数据，也需要<strong>增加该日期的数据行，用0来补充</strong>。具体到项目中，如果用来展示数据的 BI 能够兼容缺失日期的数据当然最好。如果 BI 无法兼容，用于请求数据库或者数仓的后端服务也可以兼容该逻辑。如果后端服务也不愿意兼容，最后只能还是利用SQL实现，不过SQL实现这个需求并不简单且不直观。</p>
<p>SQL实现该需求需要分两步进行：</p>
<ol>
<li>生成按行的连续日期。根据所用数据库或者数仓的不同，应该有不同的实现方式。</li>
<li>按行的连续日期和原数据做<code>LEFT JOIN</code>。利用<code>LEFT JOIN</code>时右表某行不存在则用<code>NULL</code>替代的特性，将<code>NULL</code>替换为0即可。</li>
</ol>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token comment"># 给定时间范围，生成按行的连续日期</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span>
<span class="token variable">@i</span> :<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token string">'NO'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">DATE</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
DATE_ADD<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">INTERVAL</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token keyword">DAY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span> <span class="token comment"># 开始时间</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span>
Events<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment"># 随便给表，需要保证表的行数比需要的天数多</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> :<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> t <span class="token comment"># 设置初始值为-1的变量i</span>
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span>
<span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> DATEDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'2022-01-10'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># 结束时间，开始时间</span>
</code></pre>
<p>以时间范围内的按行连续日期表为基础，结合之前查询DAU的数据，进行联表查询，获得每个日期的DAU数据。观察一下数据查询结果中，2022-01-08~2022-01-10三天的DAU数据均为0。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span>
t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ifnull<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>DAU<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> DAU
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span>
<span class="token variable">@i</span> :<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">NO</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">DATE</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
DATE_ADD<span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">INTERVAL</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token keyword">DAY</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span> <span class="token comment"># 开始时间</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span>
Events<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token variable">@i</span> :<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> t
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span>
<span class="token variable">@i</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> DATEDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-10'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> t1 <span class="token comment"># 结束时间，开始时间</span>
<span class="token keyword">LEFT</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span>
<span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> DAU
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span>
event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-01 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-08 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> t2
<span class="token keyword">ON</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span>
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">day</th>
<th style="text-align:left">DAU</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-02</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-04</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-05</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-06</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-07</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-08</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-09</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-10</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="留存分析，留存率">留存分析，留存率</h4>
<p>A日期的活跃用户在B日期的留存率计算可以分为以下步骤：</p>
<ol>
<li>计算A日期活跃的用户ID</li>
<li>计算A日期活跃的用户哪些在B日期也活跃过</li>
<li>将以上两步的计算结果做JOIN，算出留存率</li>
</ol>
<p>对于复杂的SQL，<strong>可读性</strong>通常很差。可以利用<code>WITH AS</code>来相对提升可读性。t1用来计算起始天活跃的用户 ，t2用来计算留存天活跃的用户。用t1和t2做<code>LEFT JOIN</code>后，t1中有t2没有的会是NULL，t2有t1没有的不会出现在结果中。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">WITH</span> t1 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token comment"># 计算起始天的活跃用户</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
t2 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token comment"># 计算留存天的活跃用户</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># LEFT JOIN后t2中没有留存的会是NULL，COUNT不会包含NULL</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> retention
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t1
<span class="token keyword">LEFT</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span> t2 <span class="token keyword">ON</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>以上SQL只是求得了某一日期的次日留存率。但在数据分析中，通常我们希望看到的是如下的留存曲线。留存曲线描绘了特定日期之后一段时间每天的留存数据。我们需要用SQL来实现绘制该留存曲线所需要的数据。</p>
<p><img src="pics/SQLCases/image-20221205230409609.png" alt="image-20221205230409609"></p>
<p>首先需要同时对用户ID和日期做<code>GROUP BY</code>，其次用<code>LEFT JOIN</code>求时间差。</p>
<p>以下SQL展示了如何求得时间差diff这一中间结果：</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">WITH</span> t1 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01'</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
t2 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">day</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event_time <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-01 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event_time <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token string">"2022-01-08 00:00:00"</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> start_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> retent_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> datediff<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> diff
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t1
<span class="token keyword">LEFT</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span> t2 <span class="token keyword">ON</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">user_id</th>
<th style="text-align:left">start_day</th>
<th style="text-align:left">retent_day</th>
<th style="text-align:left">diff</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-07</td>
<td style="text-align:left">6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-05</td>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-02</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-07</td>
<td style="text-align:left">6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-06</td>
<td style="text-align:left">5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-05</td>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">04</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-03</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">04</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-02</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">04</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>以上结果中retent_day表示该用户有留存的日期，diff就是留存日期到起始日期的差值，1就是次日留存，2就2日留存，3就是3日留存，以此类推。要求留存人数就只需要按照diff进行<code>GROUP BY</code>求<code>COUNT</code>。如果要求留存率就还要增加一步，这里就不赘述了。而且这里同样存在某天留存人数为0，则结果中不存在该天的问题，也不多说。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> datediff<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">day</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> diff<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t1
<span class="token keyword">LEFT</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span> t2 <span class="token keyword">ON</span> t1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> diff
<span class="token keyword">ORDER</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> diff<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">diff</th>
<th style="text-align:left">count(*)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">0</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">5</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">6</td>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="漏斗分析，转化率">漏斗分析，转化率</h4>
<p>漏斗分析中的转化率其实和留存率有相似之处。留存率可以看成是相对于日期的转化率，而漏斗分析中的转化率可以看成是相对于具体事件的转化率。但是通常在漏斗分析时，我们会对转化的时间做出限制，比如转化必须发生在1小时之内。</p>
<p>选取Events表中的login、play、like三个事件做转化分析。用Events表和自身进行<code>JOIN</code>，筛选其中间隔小于1小时的两个不相同的事件。每个转化，同一个用户只记录一次。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> num_conversions
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events event1
<span class="token keyword">INNER</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span> Events event2
<span class="token keyword">ON</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator"><></span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id
<span class="token operator">AND</span> TIMESTAMPDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SECOND</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">3600</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> TIMESTAMPDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SECOND</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0</span>
<span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator">IN</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator">IN</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">event1</th>
<th style="text-align:left">event2</th>
<th style="text-align:left">num_conversions</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">login</td>
<td style="text-align:left">like</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">login</td>
<td style="text-align:left">play</td>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">play</td>
<td style="text-align:left">like</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>以上可以看出login到like发生了3人次的转化，login到play发生了4次转化，play到like发生了3次转化。如果最终要求出转化率，还要先把起始事件的人数求出。对以上SQL做一点改动。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span>
event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> num_conversions<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
CAST<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token keyword">FLOAT</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">DISTINCT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events <span class="token keyword">AS</span> e <span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator">=</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> conversion_rate
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event1
<span class="token keyword">INNER</span> <span class="token keyword">JOIN</span> Events <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event2
<span class="token keyword">ON</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator"><></span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name
<span class="token operator">AND</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user_id
<span class="token operator">AND</span> TIMESTAMPDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SECOND</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">3600</span> <span class="token operator">and</span> TIMESTAMPDIFF<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">SECOND</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0</span>
<span class="token keyword">where</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">and</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> event1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>event_name
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">event1</th>
<th style="text-align:left">event2</th>
<th style="text-align:left">num_conversions</th>
<th style="text-align:left">conversion_rate</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">login</td>
<td style="text-align:left">like</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">login</td>
<td style="text-align:left">play</td>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">play</td>
<td style="text-align:left">like</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
<td style="text-align:left">0.75</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="用户分群">用户分群</h4>
<p>在实际数据分析中，我们通常需要按照一定的用户属性或者行为特征对用户进行分群分析。一道经典的SQL面试题：求连续登录3天的用户ID，就是一个典型的用户分群案例。用户连续登录N天可以反应用户某种程度的活跃。用户连续N次做某件事情也会经常被应用于运营活动中。</p>
<p>以下就尝试用SQL求解连续登录3天的用户ID：</p>
<ol>
<li>将事件时间event_time转换为事件天event_day。</li>
<li>利用窗口函数，按用户ID分组，按照事件天event_day排序。给每一天打上一个排序后的行号rn。</li>
<li>将事件天event_day减去对应的行号rn得到一个flag_day。如果是连续登录的，则flag_day应该是同一天。</li>
<li>按照用户ID和flag_day分组，如果同一天出现大于等3，则表示该用户从start_day开始连续登录了3天及以上。</li>
</ol>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">WITH</span> t1 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token comment"># 将事件时间event_time转换为事件天event_day</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> event_day
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> Events
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_time<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
t2 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token comment"># 利用窗口函数，按用户ID分组，按照事件天event_day排序。给每一天打上一个排序后的行号rn</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> event_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> row_number<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">OVER</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">PARTITION</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> user_id <span class="token keyword">ORDER</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> event_day<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> rn
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t1
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
t3 <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token comment"># 将事件天event_day减去对应的行号rn得到一个flag_day。如果是连续登录的，则flag_day应该是同一天</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> date_sub<span class="token punctuation">(</span>event_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">INTERVAL</span> rn <span class="token keyword">DAY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> flag_day
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t2
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># 按照用户ID和flag_day分组，如果同一天出现大于等3，则表示该用户从start_day开始连续登录了3天及以上</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> date_add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>flag_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">INTERVAL</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">DAY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">AS</span> start_day<span class="token punctuation">,</span> user_id
<span class="token keyword">FROM</span> t3
<span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> user_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> flag_day
<span class="token keyword">HAVING</span> <span class="token function">COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>user_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">start_day</th>
<th style="text-align:left">user_id</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-02</td>
<td style="text-align:left">02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-04</td>
<td style="text-align:left">03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2022-01-01</td>
<td style="text-align:left">04</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="附">附</h3>
<p>以上内容所需的数据库表结构和数据库表数据如下：</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-sql"><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">TABLE</span> Events<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
user_id <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event_name <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
event_time <span class="token keyword">VARCHAR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token string">''</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 11:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'click'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 11:51:10'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'view'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 11:55:59'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 12:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 12:06:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 15:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 16:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 16:06:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 21:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 22:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 08:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'view'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 08:55:59'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 09:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 09:06:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'logout'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 09:51:10'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'01'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-07 22:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 09:10:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 09:15:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 09:20:55'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 13:15:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 13:20:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'logout'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 13:25:55'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-04 01:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'click'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-04 02:51:10'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'view'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-04 02:55:59'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-04 03:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-04 03:06:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-06 18:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'view'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-06 18:55:01'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'02'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-06 18:59:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 16:23:07'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-05 23:50:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-06 00:01:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'like'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-06 00:06:42'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-07 13:08:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'click'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-07 13:10:10'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'03'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'view'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-07 13:47:59'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 19:43:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 19:47:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'logout'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-01 19:53:55'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 18:43:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 18:47:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'logout'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-02 18:53:55'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 17:43:31'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'play'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 17:47:03'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> Events <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'04'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'logout'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'2022-01-03 17:53:55'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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