Add a DomainStr type to validate domains

[matter1-git]

Initial Checks

• I have searched Google & GitHub for similar requests and couldn't find anything
• I have read and followed the docs and still think this feature is missing

Description

from pydantic import BaseModel, StringConstraints, ValidationError
from typing import Annotated

DomainStr = Annotated[str, StringConstraints(strip_whitespace=True, to_lower=True, min_length=1, max_length=253,
                                             pattern=r"^([a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)+)$")]


class MyModel(BaseModel):
  url: DomainStr


MyModel(url="google.com")  # Passes
MyModel(url="x.com")  # Passes
MyModel(url="www.a.co")  # Passes
try:
  MyModel(url="https://google.com")  # Raises ValidationError
except ValidationError:
  print("Raised validation error for http/s scheme")
  pass
try:
  MyModel(url="file:///etc/passwd")  # Raises ValidationError
except ValidationError:
  print("Raised validation error for file scheme")
  pass```

### Affected Components

- [ ] [Compatibility between releases](https://docs.pydantic.dev/changelog/)
- [ ] [Data validation/parsing](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/models/#basic-model-usage)
- [ ] [Data serialization](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/serialization/) - `.model_dump()` and `.model_dump_json()`
- [ ] [JSON Schema](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/json_schema/)
- [ ] [Dataclasses](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/dataclasses/)
- [ ] [Model Config](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/config/)
- [X] [Field Types](https://docs.pydantic.dev/api/types/) - adding or changing a particular data type
- [ ] [Function validation decorator](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/validation_decorator/)
- [ ] [Generic Models](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/models/#generic-models)
- [ ] [Other Model behaviour](https://docs.pydantic.dev/concepts/models/) - `model_construct()`, pickling, private attributes, ORM mode
- [ ] [Plugins](https://docs.pydantic.dev/) and integration with other tools - mypy, FastAPI, python-devtools, Hypothesis, VS Code, PyCharm, etc.

[matter1-git]

I can open a PR for the DomainStr if everything is okay 😁

[sydney-runkle]

Feel free to open against pydantic-extra-types!

[matter1-git]

Added PR #212

[yezz123]

Fixed here #212 Thank you @matter1-git