notes.txt

Sockets are connections from program to program - we will need to use sockets.

Our client and server will have distinct addresses. 

EX:
	Client: 187.2.123.421:10070
	Server: 123.1.342.342:10073

The connection socket pair would be:
	(187.2.123.421:10070, 123.1.342.342:10073)

32-bit IP addresses are stored in an IP address struct in <netinet/in.h>

****** Internet address structure sample ******
struct in_addr {
	unsigned int s_addr; /* network byte order (big-endian) */	
};

****** Important functions *******
htonl: long int from host to network byte order 
htons: short int from host to network byte order
ntohl: long int from network to host byte order
ntohs: short int from network to host byte order

Little endian vs Big endian
Big: "big end first" - msb at front (4A3B = 4A is MSB) (used by networks)
little: opposite (used by processors)

TUX machine ips: 31.204.14.### Where ### = machine #

includes:

#include <sys/socket.h> 
#include <netinet/in.h> 
#include <arpa/inet.h>

inet_addr() converts an IP address in numbers-and-dots notation into unsigned long unsigned long inet_addr(char *ptr);
e.g. ina.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(“129.110.43.11”) // Network byte order
inet_aton()   also converts ascii to network address
int inet_aton(const char *cp, struct in_addr *inp);
inet_ntoa() returns a string from a struct of type in_addr char *inet_ntoa(struct in_addr inaddr) ;