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</style></head><body style="overflow: auto;"><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 3px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h1>Useful Builtins</h1>

<h2><code>zip</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[1]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>zip([1,2,3], ['a', 'b', 'c'])</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">zip</span><span class="cm-null">([</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null">], [</span><span class="cm-string">'a'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'b'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'c'</span><span class="cm-null">])</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[1]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[3]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 65px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>     [ 7, 8, 9 ] ]</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> = [[ </span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null"> ],</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-null">     [ </span><span class="cm-number">4</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">5</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">6</span><span class="cm-null"> ],</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-null">     [ </span><span class="cm-number">7</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">8</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-number">9</span><span class="cm-null"> ] ]</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: none;" class="output vbox"></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[5]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>zip(x[0], x[1], x[2])</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">zip</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">[</span><span class="cm-number">0</span><span class="cm-null">], </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">[</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">], </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">[</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">])</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[5]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[6]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>zip(*x)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">zip</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-operator">*</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[6]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>enumerate</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[7]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>lst = [ 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ]</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">lst</span><span class="cm-null"> = [ </span><span class="cm-string">'foo'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'bar'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'baz'</span><span class="cm-null"> ]</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: none;" class="output vbox"></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[8]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 65px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>for x in range(len(lst)):</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-comment"># Don't do this:</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-keyword">for</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-operator">in</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">len</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">lst</span><span class="cm-null">)):</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-null">    </span><span class="cm-keyword">print</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">lst</span><span class="cm-null">[</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">]</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt"></div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text output_stream output_stdout"><pre>0 foo
1 bar
2 baz</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[11]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 65px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>for index, x in enumerate(lst):</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-comment"># Do this instead:</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-keyword">for</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">index</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-operator">in</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-builtin">enumerate</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">lst</span><span class="cm-null">):</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-null">    </span><span class="cm-keyword">print</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">index</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt"></div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text output_stream output_stdout"><pre>0 foo
1 bar
2 baz</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>eval</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[18]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>eval('5+5')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">eval</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'5+5'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[18]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>10</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[19]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 65px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>r_x = repr(x)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> = [</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null">]</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">r_x</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-variable">repr</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">eval</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">r_x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[19]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[1, 2, 3]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>dir</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[23]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 47px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>dir(x)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-number">5</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">dir</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[23]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>['__abs__',
 '__add__',
 '__and__',
 '__class__',
 '__cmp__',
 '__coerce__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__div__',
 '__divmod__',
 '__doc__',
 '__float__',
 '__floordiv__',
 '__format__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getnewargs__',
 '__hash__',
 '__hex__',
 '__index__',
 '__init__',
 '__int__',
 '__invert__',
 '__long__',
 '__lshift__',
 '__mod__',
 '__mul__',
 '__neg__',
 '__new__',
 '__nonzero__',
 '__oct__',
 '__or__',
 '__pos__',
 '__pow__',
 '__radd__',
 '__rand__',
 '__rdiv__',
 '__rdivmod__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__rfloordiv__',
 '__rlshift__',
 '__rmod__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__ror__',
 '__rpow__',
 '__rrshift__',
 '__rshift__',
 '__rsub__',
 '__rtruediv__',
 '__rxor__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__sub__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 '__truediv__',
 '__trunc__',
 '__xor__',
 'bit_length',
 'conjugate',
 'denominator',
 'imag',
 'numerator',
 'real']</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[24]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>x.bit_length()</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x.bit_length</span><span class="cm-null">()</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[24]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>3</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[35]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 47px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>x = 'Foo'</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-string">'Foo'</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">dir</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[35]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>['__add__',
 '__class__',
 '__contains__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getitem__',
 '__getnewargs__',
 '__getslice__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__init__',
 '__le__',
 '__len__',
 '__lt__',
 '__mod__',
 '__mul__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__rmod__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 '_formatter_field_name_split',
 '_formatter_parser',
 'capitalize',
 'center',
 'count',
 'decode',
 'encode',
 'endswith',
 'expandtabs',
 'find',
 'format',
 'index',
 'isalnum',
 'isalpha',
 'isdigit',
 'islower',
 'isspace',
 'istitle',
 'isupper',
 'join',
 'ljust',
 'lower',
 'lstrip',
 'partition',
 'replace',
 'rfind',
 'rindex',
 'rjust',
 'rpartition',
 'rsplit',
 'rstrip',
 'split',
 'splitlines',
 'startswith',
 'strip',
 'swapcase',
 'title',
 'translate',
 'upper',
 'zfill']</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[37]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>help(x.partition)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">help</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">x.partition</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt"></div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text output_stream output_stdout"><pre>Help on built-in function partition:

partition(...)
    S.partition(sep) -&gt; (head, sep, tail)
    
    Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
    the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
    found, return S and two empty strings.</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>ord</code> and <code>chr</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[38]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>ord('a')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">ord</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'a'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[38]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>97</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[39]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>chr(97)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">chr</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">97</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[39]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>'a'</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>map</code> and <code>filter</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[41]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 47px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>x = map(ord, 'Foo')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-variable">map</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">ord</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'Foo'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">x</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[41]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[70, 111, 111]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[42]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>map(chr, x)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">map</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">chr</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">x</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[42]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>['F', 'o', 'o']</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[43]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 65px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>filter(is_even, range(10))</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-keyword">def</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">is_even</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">num</span><span class="cm-null">):</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-null">    </span><span class="cm-keyword">return</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-variable">num</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-operator">%</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-operator">==</span><span class="cm-null"> </span><span class="cm-number">0</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">filter</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">is_even</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">10</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[43]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>sum</code>, <code>max</code>, <code>min</code>, and <code>len</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[44]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>sum(range(10))</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">sum</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">10</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[44]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>45</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[45]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>max(range(10))</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">max</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">10</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[45]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>9</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[46]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>min(range(10))</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">min</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">10</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[46]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>0</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[47]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>len(range(10))</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">len</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">10</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[47]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>10</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2><code>repr</code></h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[48]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>repr(1)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">repr</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[48]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>'1'</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[49]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>repr('foo')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">repr</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'foo'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[49]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>"'foo'"</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[50]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>repr([1,2,4])</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">repr</span><span class="cm-null">([</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">4</span><span class="cm-null">])</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[50]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>'[1, 2, 4]'</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 1px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h2>Basic types</h2></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[51]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>int('5')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">int</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'5'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[51]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>5</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[52]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>int('ff', base=16)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">int</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'ff'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">base</span><span class="cm-null">=</span><span class="cm-number">16</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[52]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>255</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[53]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>float('5')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">float</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'5'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[53]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>5.0</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[54]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>float(5)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">float</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">5</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[54]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>5.0</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[57]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>list(), list([1,2,3])</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">list</span><span class="cm-null">(), </span><span class="cm-builtin">list</span><span class="cm-null">([</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null">])</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[57]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>([], [1, 2, 3])</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[58]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>tuple([1,2,3])</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">tuple</span><span class="cm-null">([</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">,</span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null">])</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[58]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>(1, 2, 3)</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[61]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 82px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>values = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-variable">keys</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-variable">range</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-number">4</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">values</span><span class="cm-null"> = [</span><span class="cm-string">'a'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'b'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'c'</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-string">'d'</span><span class="cm-null">]</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">dct</span><span class="cm-null"> = </span><span class="cm-builtin">dict</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">zip</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">keys</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">values</span><span class="cm-null">))</span></pre><pre><span class="cm-variable">dct</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[61]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>{0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c', 3: 'd'}</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[62]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>dict(foo=1, bar=2, baz=3)</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">dict</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-variable">foo</span><span class="cm-null">=</span><span class="cm-number">1</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">bar</span><span class="cm-null">=</span><span class="cm-number">2</span><span class="cm-null">, </span><span class="cm-variable">baz</span><span class="cm-null">=</span><span class="cm-number">3</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[62]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>{'bar': 2, 'baz': 3, 'foo': 1}</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell vbox"><div class="input hbox"><div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[63]:</div><div class="input_area box-flex1"><div class="CodeMirror CodeMirror-focused"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-ipython"><div style="position: relative; height: 30px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre><span>unicode('abcd')</span></pre></div><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative;" draggable="true"><pre style="top: 0px; left: 0px;" class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div style=""><pre><span class="cm-builtin">unicode</span><span class="cm-null">(</span><span class="cm-string">'abcd'</span><span class="cm-null">)</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="display: -moz-box;" class="output vbox"><div class="hbox output_area"><div class="prompt output_prompt">Out[63]:</div><div class="box_flex1 output_subarea output_text"><pre>u'abcd'</pre></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="2" class="cell text_cell border-box-sizing"><div style="display: none;" class="text_cell_input"><div class="CodeMirror"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1px; height: 0px;"><textarea style="position: absolute; width: 2px;" wrap="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll cm-s-default"><div style="position: relative; height: 6px;"><div style="position: absolute; height: 0; width: 0; overflow: hidden;"><pre>x</pre></div><div style="position: relative"><div style="display: none;" class="CodeMirror-gutter"><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-text"></div></div><div class="CodeMirror-lines"><div style="position: relative" draggable="true"><pre class="CodeMirror-cursor">&nbsp;</pre><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="text_cell_render rendered_html"><h3>Exercises</h3>

<ul>
<li>Given that you have a list of keys and a list of values, how 
would you create a <code>dict</code> containing the key/value pairs</li>
<li>Write a function that converts a list of ASCII values to a 
string. Test it on the string <code>[86, 77, 87, 97, 114, 101]</code></li>
</ul></div></div><div style="height: 30%;" class="end_space"></div></body></html>