the inital storage level is not the end storage level

[LauWien]

This is important so the energy system doesn't get heat/hydrogen/electricity for free

[j-ti]

As we optimize each timestep individually, it could happen that at the ultimate timestep we would have to (un-)fill the storage by a flow that exceeds the maximum flow.
My suggestion: We calculate the minimum flow needed to (un-)fill the storage and set it as a constraint.
Additionally it might be beneficial and smooth to shift the storage_level_wanted value towards init value by the end of simulation.

[j-ti]

1. Incorporating initial to end storage difference as cost into annuities
2. Charge with maximum flow (Hard Final Criterion)
3. Rising artificial cost (Soft Final Criterion)
4. Define Long-Term Strategy

[j-ti]

@ulrikeherrmann do you think the number of intervals to the end to balance storage level using the dynamic VAC (so the soft criterion) should be defined in the model description or based on an auto scaled value using max. flow and capacity, like:
if self.storage_capacity / (self.delta_max) > self.intervals_to_end:
which would represent the number of intervals to charge the whole storage, as an example.

[j-ti]

electrolyzer can only be optimized by electrical VAC: Solution foreign states on supply:
'fs_component_name': 'h2_storage',
'fs_attribute_name': 'balance_ratio',
'fs_threshold': 0.2,
'fs_low_art_cost': 50,
'fs_high_art_cost': -0.001,
=>

(1) with soft constraint (foreign state of evolving balance) over all intervals + hard (min flow) constraint:

(2) only with hard (min flow) constraint:

[j-ti]

(3) hard constraint (min flow) + soft constraint (foreign state: balance only last 15 intervals):